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Biomedical subjects

T Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Noguchi.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

A clinical and pathological study of diffuse type hepatocellular carcinoma.

Six autopsy cases of the rare, diffuse type of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as classified gross anatomically according to the strict definition, have been studied. The prominent clinical feature was the rapid deterioration of the patient's general condition, terminating in hepatic failure. The liver size enlarged quickly, at a perceptible speed, often accompanied by abdominal pain. Diagnosis of this particular type of HCC was difficult, and celiac angiography and scintiscan of the liver were only suggestive when considered together with other laboratory data. Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in all three patients in whom it was tested. The entire liver was studded with minute, uniformly sized tumor nodules, evenly distributed throughout. Some of them were grossly indistinguishable from cirrhotic nodules. All livers had an underlying cirrhosis which was characterized by relatively small regenerative nodules with thin stromas. Large portal branches at the hilum contained tumor thrombi in all patients, except for one case in which left lobectomy was followed by intraportal dissemination. Histologically, all tumor nodules represented intrahepatic metastases via the portal vein system. Tumor cells were poorly differentiated. These findings suggest that the diffuse type of HCC most frequently, if not always, represents intrahepatic, widespread portal metastases which have occurred within a short period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Modification of low virulent Newcastle disease virus infection in chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus.

One-day-old SPF chicks were inoculated with reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) which had been isolated from contaminated Marek's disease vaccine. Then they were subjected to super infection with the B1 or TCND strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and examined for virus recovery, antibody response and the appearance of symptoms. Regardless of the time, from 0 to 8 weeks, of inoculation with the NDV-B1 strain after the REV infection, the antibody response was suppressed and the duration of the NDV recovery prolonged. Specific death preceded by severe respiratory or neural signs occurred more frequently to chicks inoculated with REV than to uninoculated controls after inoculation with the NDV-B1 strain in the neonatal stage or with the NDV-TCND strain at 5 weeks of age.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Rat liver ornithine decarboxylase purification and some immunochemical studies.

Ornithine decarboxylase [EC. 4.1.1.17] was purified 3.5 X 10(5)-fold with an overall yield of 8% from livers of rats treated with thioacetamide and DL-alpha-hydrazino-delta-aminovaleric acid. The enzyme preparation was homogeneous as judged by three criteria, namely polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with or without sodium dodecyl sulphate and Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion analysis. The final specific activity was 1.1 X 10(6) nmol/h mg protein, which closely coincided with the value predicted by Pritchard et al. (16). The enzyme was composed of two identical subunits and the molecular weight was estimated to be 105,000 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses at several different gel concentrations. It was shown by an immunochemical method that diet-induced change in hepatic ornithine decarboxylase activity was due mostly, if not totally, to the change in the amount of enzyme protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The appearance of a new aromatic aminotransferase in the small intestines of vitamin B6-deficient rats.

Vitamin B6 deficiency led to a decrease in aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity and to a marked increase in phenylalanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity in rat small intestines. The increased phenylalanine aminotransferase activity was found to be due to a newly appeared aromatic aminotransferase without the aspartate aminotransferase activity in the cytosol of the small intestinal mucosa. The enzyme preparation had an isoelectric point of pH 8.5, a pH optimum near 8.0, and a molecular weight of approximately 100,000 with two identical subunits. The enzyme showed aminotransferase activities towards various aromatic L-amino acids with 2-oxoglutarate as the amino acceptor. The order of effectiveness of aromatic L-amino acids was phenylalanine > tryptophan > tyrosine > 5-hydroxytryptophan; very little activity was detected with other L-amino acids that were tested. The enzyme was specific for 2-oxoglutarate as the amino acceptor. The enzyme was not detected in other tissues (liver, kidney, heart, and brain) from both control and vitamin B6-deficient rats. The enzyme has never been described before in animal tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Peroxisomal localization and properties of tryptophan aminotransferase in plant leaves.

In spinach leaves, both tryptophan:glyoxylate aminotransferase and tryptophan:hydroxypyruvate aminotransferase activities were located only in the peroxisomes and in the soluble fraction. The two enzymes co-purified to homogeneity from both peroxisomal and soluble fractions of spinach leaves. The evidence indicates that the two activities are associated with the same protein. The peroxisomal and soluble enzyme preparations had nearly identical properties, suggesting that the soluble enzyme is from broken peroxisomes. The two enzyme preparations utilized various L-amino acids as amino donors in the following order of activity with glyoxylate as amino acceptor; serine greater than alanine greater than tryptophan greater than asparagine greater than 5-hydroxytryptophan. Other amino acids tested were all much less active. With L-tryptophan as amino donor, the effective amino acceptors were glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate; other 2-oxo acids tested were all inactive. They had molecular weights of approximately 185,000 with four identical subunits, isoelectric points of 5.9, and pH optima between 8.0 and 8.5.

Glyoxylates↗
PubMed1980

Perinatal changes in amino acid metabolism of rat brain, especially alanine and glutamic acid.

The changes in both the levels of some free amino acids and their metabolism in the rat brain during the first 24 hr of postnatal life were studied. The content of glutamic acid decreased for the first 2 hr; it remained at the lowest level for the next 4 hr, when it began to increase. The content of alanine decreased for the first 6 hr and approached the adult level. Oxygen consumption, glucose oxidation, and pyruvate formation in the cerebral slices of the 24-hr-old rats were as much as 150% of that of the 19-day-old fetus. The distribution profile of radioactivity incorporated into the cerebral amino acids from the subarachnoid-injected [U-14C]glucose was also changed. In the 2- and 6-hr-old rats, 50% of the total radioactivity recovered in the free amino acids was in alanine. Its rate decreased to 30% in the 24-hr-old and was 2% in the adult, while the radioactivity incorporated into glutamic acid increased. Alanine aminotransferase activity started to increase at birth and had the highest level at 24 hr after birth. It then decreased and finally reached the same level as shown at birth. However, aspartate aminotransferase increased during the first 6 hr after birth and did not change until the end of the first day of life.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

Detection of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity by automated flow cytometry. Comparison to a chromium release assay and characterization of the effector cell subpopulation.

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against chick red blood cells (CRBC) can be detected by flow cytometric (FCM) analysis of cellular DNA content. When compared to a standard chromium release assay FCM analysis shows several advantages: (1) equivalent cytotoxicity can be detected after 1 h compared to 4 h for 51Cr; (2) equivalent cytotoxicity can be seen at a 5-fold lower effector-to-target ratio; and (3) no radiolabeling is needed. When mouse spleen cells were fractionated based on adherence to the plastic, adherent cells showed the highest ADCC by both FCM and 51Cr release.

Animals↗