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T Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Noguchi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Establishment of immortalized dental follicle cells for generating periodontal ligament in vivo.

The dental follicle is a mesenchymal tissue that surrounds the developing tooth germ. During tooth root formation, periodontal components, viz., cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL), and alveolar bone, are created by dental follicle progenitors. Here, we report the presence of PDL progenitors in mouse dental follicle (MDF) cells. MDF cells were obtained from mouse incisor tooth germs and immortalized by the expression of a mutant human papilloma virus type 16 E6 gene lacking the PDZ-domain-binding motif. MDF cells expressing the mutant E6 gene (MDF( E6-EGFP ) cells) had an extended life span, beyond 150 population doublings (PD). In contrast, normal MDF cells failed to proliferate beyond 10 PD. MDF( E6-EGFP ) cells expressed tendon/ligament phenotype-related genes such as Scleraxis (Scx), growth and differentiation factor-5, EphA4, Six-1, and type I collagen. In addition, the expression of periostin was observed. To elucidate the differentiation capacity of MDF( E6-EGFP ) cells in vivo, the cells were transplanted into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. At 4 weeks, MDF( E6-EGFP ) cell transplants had the capacity to generate a PDL-like tissue that expressed periostin, Scx, and type XII collagen and the fibrillar assembly of type I collagen. Our findings suggest that MDF( E6-EGFP ) cells can act as PDL progenitors, and that these cells may be a useful research tool for studying PDL formation and for developing regeneration therapies.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed2006

CSF1 gene associated with aggressive periodontitis in the Japanese population.

Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is characterized by the early onset of the rapid and progressive destruction of the alveolar bone. We investigated the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with AgP in the Japanese population in order to determine the genetic risk factors for this complex disease. Among 11 genes related to bone formation and resorption, 43 known SNPs were tested in 98 case and 88 control samples for association with AgP by using SNP genotyping techniques. Among these, three polymorphisms located in the colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) gene showed a positive association with AgP. This is the first case of an association between a CSF1 polymorphism and a human disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Early and late gastric cancer arising in the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy.

AIM: Following distal gastrectomy, carcinogenesis has been suggested to result from gastroduodenal reflux. In this study, surgical cases of gastric cancer arising after distal gastrectomy were analyzed clinico-pathologically and the possible link to reflux examined. PATIENTS: Thirty-two patients (24 males, 8 females; mean age, 68.7 years; age range, 33-84 years) with gastric cancer arising in the remnant stomach after gastrectomy (also known as gastric stump cancer) were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of the initial diagnosis (benign or malignant) prompting surgery, and distal gastrectomy reconstruction method (Billroth I or II). RESULTS: The interval between distal gastrectomy and detection of cancer in the remnant stomach of patients treated initially for a benign gastric condition vs. malignancy was 360+/-33.04 and 63+/-19.16 months (median+/-SE), respectively (p<0.0001). However, the benign and malignant groups did not differ significantly in the clinicopathological analysis of their stump cancers. All 10 patients in whom gastric cancer was diagnosed within five years of initial surgery had initially been surgically treated for malignancy. The interval between surgery and detection of gastric cancer in the Billroth I and Billroth II groups was 84+/-26.67 and 276+/-44.26 months (median+/-SE), respectively (p<0.01). In the remnant stomach, cancer tended to occur near the site of gastrojejunostomy in the Billroth II group (p=0.05). Helicobacter pylori infection was only detected histologically in four patients who had undergone Billroth I reconstructions after distal gastrectomy for malignancy. CONCLUSION: After distal gastrectomy, careful periodic endoscopic examination for microcarcinoma is required in patients, particularly in those who undergo surgery for malignancy, to maximize detection of gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Systematic search for gastric cancer-specific genes based on SAGE data: melanoma inhibitory activity and matrix metalloproteinase-10 are novel prognostic factors in patients with gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Genes expressed only in cancer tissue will be useful molecular markers for diagnosis and may also be good therapeutic targets. However, little is known about cancer-specific genes, at least in GC. In this study, we searched for GC-specific genes by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) data analysis and quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Comparing GC SAGE libraries with those of various normal tissues in the SAGEmap database, we identified 54 candidate GC-specific genes. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of these candidates revealed that APin protein (APIN), taxol resistance-associated gene 3 (TRAG3), cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily W, polypeptide 1 (CYP2W1), melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA), matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10), dickkopf homolog 4 (DKK4), GW112, regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (REGIV), and HORMA domain-containing 1 (HORMAD1) were expressed much more highly in GC than in 14 kinds of normal tissues. Immunohistochemical staining for MIA, MMP-10, and DKK4 was found in 47 (31.1%), 68 (45.0%), and two (1.3%) of 151 GCs, respectively, and staining for both MIA and MMP-10 was correlated with poor prognosis in advanced GC (P=0.0001 and 0.0141, respectively). Moreover, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed high levels of MMP-10 (65/69, 94.2%) in serum samples from patients with GC. Levels of MIA were raised in a small proportion of serum samples from patients with GC (4/69, 5.8%). In Boyden chamber invasion assays, MIA-transfected GC cells were up to three times more invasive than cells transfected with empty vector. Taken together, these results suggest that MMP-10 is a good marker for the detection of GC and that MIA and MMP-10 are prognostic factors for GC. As expression of MIA and MMP-10 is narrowly restricted in cancer, these two molecules may be good therapeutic targets for GC.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Arginine-specific gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis deprive protective functions of secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor in periodontal tissue.

Chronic periodontitis is correlated with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. In this study, we found that the expression of secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), an endogenous inhibitor for neutrophil-derived proteases, was reduced in gingival tissues with chronic periodontitis associated with P. gingivalis infection. The addition of vesicles of P. gingivalis decreased the amount of SLPI in the media of primary human gingival keratinocytes compared to untreated cultures. We therefore investigated how arginine-specific gingipains (Rgps) affect the functions of SLPI, because Rgps are the major virulence factors in the vesicles and cleave a wide range of in-host proteins. We found that Rgps digest SLPI in vitro, suppressing the release of SLPI. Rgps proteolysis of SLPI disrupted SLPI functions, which normally suppresses neutrophil elastase and neutralizes pro-inflammatory effects of bacterial cell wall compounds in cultured human gingival fibroblasts. The protease inhibitory action of SLPI was not exerted towards Rgps. These results suggest that Rgps reduce the protective effects of SLPI on neutrophil proteases and bacterial proinflammatory compounds, by which disease in gingival tissue may be accelerated at the sites with P. gingivalis infection.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗
PubMed2006

Effects of high peak airway pressure on the expression of heat shock protein 70 in rat lungs: a preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is induced by a wide variety of stresses in addition to hyperthermia. Recent studies have clarified that mechanical stretching and pressure overload can induce HSP70 in some tissues and cells. However, it remains unclear whether HSP70 is induced in stretch-subjected lungs, such as those under mechanical ventilation. This study was designed to investigate the effects of high peak airway pressure (PAP) ventilation on HSP70 expression in intact rat lungs. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to one of three groups: non-ventilated (anesthesia alone) control group; PAP 15 cm H(2)O group (P15); and PAP 30 cm H(2)O group (P30). The rats in the PAP groups were subjected to pressure-controlled assisted ventilation at the appropriate PAP for 30 min. Rats were killed at 12, 24 and 48 h after ventilation or anesthesia alone, and the lungs were removed. The lung tissues were processed for immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses of HSP70. RESULTS: Following 30 min of pressure-controlled assisted ventilation, HSP70 expression in the P30 group was significantly up-regulated in bronchiolar cells and subepithelial tissues at 12 h, and this up-regulation continued throughout the observation period. In contrast, there were no significant differences between the control and P15 groups, although the expression of HSP70 was higher in the P15 group than in the control group at all time points. CONCLUSIONS: HSP70 was induced by high PAP ventilation, but its specific role and induction mechanism remain unclear. Therefore, further investigations should be encouraged.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of RANK/RANKL/OPG gene polymorphisms in aggressive periodontitis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a specific type of periodontal disease that is characterized by rapid attachment loss and bone destruction. While attempting to identify genetic polymorphisms associated with AgP, previous research has focused on candidate genes that may be involved in immune responses to microbial infections. In this study, the focus was on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the key mediators of osteoclast differentiation and activation, which involve receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegrin (OPG), in the Japanese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of RANK/RANKL/OPG gene polymorphisms with AgP in the Japanese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 99 patients with AgP and 89 controls from the Japanese population to explore the possibility of RANK/RANKL/OPG loci as candidate regions associated with the disease. All exons and relevant exon-intron boundaries of these three candidate genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 19 primers, followed by direct sequencing. The polymorphisms were identified by comparing the sequences obtained from 48 subjects. RESULTS: We identified 27 SNPs in RANK, including 10 novel SNPs and seven SNPs each in both RANKL and OPG. A pairwise linkage disequilibrium analysis using the r2 statistic showed that some SNP pairs from the three loci are in tight linkage disequilibrium. CONCLUSION: An association analysis with allelotypes showed that SNPs identified in the RANK/RANKL/OPG genes have no significant association with AgP in the Japanese population.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

Refractory hypotension during combined general and epidural anaesthesia in a patient on tricyclic antidepressants.

We report a case of refractory hypotension that occurred after epidural injection of local anaesthetic, in a patient who was receiving tricyclic antidepressant therapy and was under general anaesthesia. The patient failed to respond to repeated injections of appropriate doses of sympathomimetics, but did respond to high-dose catecholamine infusions. We suggest that epidural anaesthesia should be used with care when combined with general anaesthesia for patients on long-standing tricyclic antidepressant therapy. If refractory hypotension should occur in such patients, the use of direct-acting vasoconstrictors such as noradrenaline should be considered.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Cerebral hemodynamics in Moyamoya disease: correlation between perfusion-weighted MR imaging and cerebral angiography.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In Moyamoya disease, the relationship between cerebral hemodynamics and angiographic findings has not been fully evaluated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate hemodynamics in Moyamoya disease with perfusion-weighted MR imaging (PWI) and cerebral angiography. METHODS: Twenty patients with Moyamoya disease were the subjects. Mean transit time (MTT) derived from PWI was calculated in the medial frontal lobes, the posterior frontal lobes, the occipital lobes, and the basal ganglia. From the angiographies, we classified the degrees of internal carotid artery (ICA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stenoses as well as the degrees of Moyamoya vessels and leptomeningeal anastomosis (LMA). MTT in each region was compared with the angiographic findings. RESULTS: MTT positively correlated with the degree of ICA stenosis in the medial frontal (P < .01), posterior frontal (P < .001), and occipital (P < .001) lobes, as well as in the basal ganglia (P < .001). MTT correlated with the degree of PCA stenosis in the medial frontal (P < .001), posterior frontal (P < .001), and occipital (P < .001) lobes, as well as in the basal ganglia (P < .001). MTT correlated with the degree of Moyamoya vessels in the medial frontal (P < .05) and posterior frontal (P < .01) lobes. A multivariate analysis revealed that ICA and PCA stenoses and Moyamoya vessels were independent factors that prolonged MTT. CONCLUSION: Both ICA and PCA stenoses may influence overall cerebral perfusion in Moyamoya disease. The development of Moyamoya vessels may indicate hemodynamic impairment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the small intestine. A case report and review of the literature.

A case of primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the small intestine in a 73-year-old Japanese woman was reported. The patient underwent local resection of the tumor, and showed no signs of local recurrence or dissemination of the disease after 28 months follow-up. The tumor cells had relatively large nuclei with distinct nucleoli and wide and slightly basophilic cytoplasm with a high N/C ratio which showed the morphology of atypical plasma cells. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the tumor cells contained IgG gamma-type immunoglobulin in their cytoplasm but they did not contain IgA, IgM, IgD, and kappa-light chains. The tumor cells were also positive for CD79a and CD138 and negative for LCA, CD20 and CD45RO. These findings clearly indicated this case to be plasmacytoma.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Efficacy of periodontal disease and tooth loss to screen for low bone mineral density in Japanese women.

The relationship between oral indicators and bone mineral density (BMD) has been studied by many investigators, with mixed and complex results. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate the associations of periodontal conditions and tooth loss with metacarpal BMD (m-BMD) in a community-based cohort and the usefulness of tooth count as a potential screening tool to detect low BMD. Subjects were 356 Japanese women (171 premenopausal, mean age 37.9+/-8.0 years; 185 postmenopausal, mean age 63.3+/-7.7 years). Periodontal status was evaluated by the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). m-BMD was measured by computerized X-ray densitometry. The proportion of subjects with periodontitis (CPITN 3 or 4) increased as m-BMD decreased. The odds ratio (OR) of osteopenia or osteoporosis in relation to periodontitis was 3.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0--5.3). After adjustment for age and menopausal status, the OR was 2.0 (95% CI, 1.1--3.7). Among postmenopausal women, those having fewer than 20 teeth were 1.6 times more likely to have low m-BMD than those having more than 20 teeth (chi-square for trend in postmenopausal group, 4.27; P<0.05). Receiver-operating curve (ROC) analysis indicated that number of teeth remaining or CPITN score had a greater than 50/50 chance to correctly identify women with osteoporosis or osteopenia, but the areas under the curve (0.72 and 0.67, respectively) are considered less than highly accurate screening tools. These results indicate that periodontitis and tooth loss after menopause may be useful indicators of m-BMD loss in Japanese women.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

Factors influencing the sustained participation of farmers in participatory forestry: a case study in central Sal forests in Bangladesh.

Wide acceptance of sustainable development as a concept and as the goal of forest management has shifted forest management policies from a traditional to a people-oriented approach. Consequently, with its multiple new objectives, forest management has become more complex and an information gap exits between what is known and what is utilized, which hinders the sustained participation of farmers. This gap arose mainly due to an interrupted flow of information. With participatory forestry, the information flow requires a broad approach that goes beyond the forest ecosystem and includes the different stakeholders. Thus in participatory forest management strategies, policymakers, planners and project designers need to incorporate all relevant information within the context of the dynamic interaction between stakeholders and the forest environment. They should understand the impact of factors such as management policies, economics and conflicts on the sustained participation of farmers. This study aimed to use primary cross-sectional data to identify the factors that might influence the sustained participation of farmers in participatory forestry. Using stratified random sampling, 581 participants were selected to take part in this study, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire by interviewing the selected participants. To identify the dominant factors necessary for the sustained participation of farmers, logistic regression analyses were performed. The following results were observed: (a) sustained participation is positively and significantly correlated with (i) satisfaction of the participants with the tree species planted on their plots; (ii) confidence of the participants that their aspired benefits will be received; (iii) provision of training on different aspects of participatory forestry; (iv) contribution of participants' money to Tree Farming Funds. (b) The sustained participation of farmers is negatively and significantly correlated with the disruption of local peoples' interests through implementation of participatory forestry programs, and long delays in the harvesting of trees after completion of the contractual agreement period.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2005

Prevention of diet-induced obesity by dietary isomerized hop extract containing isohumulones, in rodents.

OBJECTIVE: Isomerized hop extract (IHE), which consists mainly of isohumulones and is required in the beer brewing process, was investigated for its effects on diet-induced obesity in two strains of mice. DESIGN: C57BL/6N and KK-A(y) mice were fed a standard or high-fat diet containing IHE and their body and tissue weights were measured at various time points. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and insulin tolerance tests (ITT) were carried out in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6N mice. The effects of IHE on intestinal lipid absorption were examined in Wistar rats using a plasma triacylglycerol assay after oral administration of a lipid emulsion. Fecal lipid levels were also measured in these animals after they were fed a high-fat diet containing IHE for 15 days. The effects of IHE on pancreatic lipase activity and the expression of genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism were also examined using an in vitro assay and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS: Supplementation of high-fat-containing chow with IHE reduced body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in our experimental mice. A reduction in body weight gain was also observed in C57BL/6N mice fed a standard diet containing IHE. Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet containing IHE showed reduced plasma triacylglycerol levels and an increase in their fecal lipid excretion. Similarly, their pancreatic lipase activity was inhibited and their elevation in plasma triacylglycerol levels seen after the oral administration of lipid emulsion was significantly suppressed. IHE-fed mice showed an increased expression in their lipid oxidation genes and a decreased expression in genes involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis. CONCLUSION: The inhibition of intestinal dietary fat absorption may be the mechanism by which IHE induces its weight-lowering effects in high-fat diet-fed mice. The modulatory effect of IHE on lipid metabolism may also, at least partly, be responsible for its beneficial effects on body weight gain. These results suggest that IHE may be helpful in humans in preventing diet-induced obesity and perhaps even metabolic syndrome, the latter of which is known to be associated with obesity.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4 capsular polysaccharide induces IL-1beta mRNA expression through the JNK pathway in differentiated THP-1 cells.

Capsular polysaccharide from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4 (Y4 CP) induces bone resorption in a mouse organ culture system and osteoclast formation in mouse bone marrow cultures, as reported in previous studies. We also found that Y4 CP inhibits the release of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 from human gingival fibroblast (HGF). Thus Y4 CP induces various responses in localized tissue and leads to the secretion of several cytokines. However, the effects of Y4 CP on human monocytes/macrophages are still unclear. In this study, THP-1 cells, which are a human monocytic cell line, were stimulated with Y4 CP, and we measured gene expression in inflammatory cytokine and signal transduction pathways. IL-1beta and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mRNA were induced from Y4 CP-treated THP-1 cells. IL-1beta mRNA expression was increased according to the dose of Y4 CP, and in a time-dependent manner. IL-1beta mRNA expression induced by Y4 CP (100 microg/ml) was approximately 7- to 10-fold greater than that in the control by real-time PCR analysis. Furthermore, neither PD98059, a specific inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase nor SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 kinase prevented the IL-1beta expression induced by Y4 CP. However, JNK Inhibitor II, a specific inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) prevented the IL-1beta mRNA expression induced by Y4 CP in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicate that Y4 CP-mediated JNK pathways play an important role in the regulation of IL-1beta mRNA. Therefore, Y4 CP-transduced signals for IL-1beta induction in the antibacterial action of macrophages may provide a therapeutic strategy for periodontitis.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans↗
PubMed2005

Mild hypothermia reduces expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and the accumulation of neutrophils after acid-induced lung injury in the rat.

BACKGROUND: The pathophysiology of the acute phase of acid-induced lung injury (AILI) has been elucidated. However, once acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) develops, the mortality rate remains high and there is, as yet, no effective therapy. There are reports that application of mild hypothermia is an effective treatment for ARDS. In this study, we hypothesize that mild hypothermia inhibits activation of neutrophils and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in an injured lung. We studied the effects of mild hypothermia on the expression of ICAM-1 and the accumulation of neutrophils after AILI in the rat. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to one of the four groups: control normothermic group, induced mild hypothermia group, acid-instilled normothermic group, and acid-instilled group with mild hypothermia. At 6 h after instillation of acid, lungs were removed to measure neutrophil activity and to detect the expression of ICAM-1 in each group. RESULTS: Oxygenation in acid-instilled rats was significantly impaired as compared to that in non-instilled groups, but induction of mild hypothermia gradually improved oxygenation. Expression of ICAM-1 was enhanced in the acid-instilled normothermic group. By contrast, no overexpression of ICAM-1 and its mRNA was detected in the acid-instilled hypothermic group. In addition, accumulation of neutrophils was markedly inhibited after exposure to mild hypothermia irrespective of the instillation of acid. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest mild hypothermia can inhibit the adhesion, activation, and accumulation of neutrophils during the acute phase of AILI in the rat and may have the potential to reduce ongoing inflammation of ALI or ARDS.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

[Experience with thoracoscopy for rifle gunshot penetrating trauma of the chest; report of a case].

A 57-year-old man came to our hospital by ambulance for a chest injury by a rifle gunshot. He had a penetrating injury of the chest wall, hemopneumothorax and pulmonary laceration. He was managed with chest drainage, oxygen inhalation. His respiratory and cardiac status was stable. However, for the purpose to prevent the development of empyema or pneumonia, and to check the existence of damage of intrathoracic structures by the gunshot injury, thoracoscopy was performed next day. He discharged without postoperative complications 17 days after the injury. Open thoracotomy is reported to be required in only about 10-15% of patients with chest injuries. However, operative indication of the chest injuries may spread in the future with the spread of thoracoscopy and its low invasiveness.

Hemopneumothorax↗
PubMed2005

Prediction of segmental percent fat using anthropometric variables.

AIM: This study aimed to develop a prediction equation for segmental percent fat from anthropometric measurements. METHODS: The subjects were 107 adults, consisting of 77 males and 30 females, aged from 21 to 82 years. Height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index, waist hip ratio and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) were used as anthropometric measurements. The SFTs were measured at 14 sites. Segmental percent fats in both arms (%SF(arms)), both legs (%SF(legs)) and trunk (%SF(trunk)) were measured by dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) method, and these values were used as references. To predict the segmental percent fat measured by DXA, stepwise multiple regression analysis was conducted using sex, age and the anthropometric measurements as predictors. To examine the systematic error between the observed and predicted values, the error and the observed values were plotted based on Bland-Altman technique, and limits of agreement (LA) were also calculated. RESULTS: The R, SEE and range of LA values in each prediction equation was as follows: %SF(arms): R=0.919, SEE=3.333%, LA=6.5%; %SF(legs): R=0.915, SEE=3.468, LA=6.5%; %SF(trunk): R=0.858, SEE=4.944, LA=9.7%. These prediction equations used 5 to 7 predictors and met the necessary standards for predicting body fat. Although the prediction accuracy of %SF(trunk) was inferior than those of %SF(arms) and %SF(legs), it was superior to those found in previous study reports predicting abdominal visceral fat mass and fat mass at the trunk from anthropometric measurements. CONCLUSIONS: These prediction equations can be considered useful and practical for predicting segmental percent fat and assessing body fat distribution.

Abdominal Fat↗