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Biomedical subjects

T Nishijima

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishijima.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Liver injuries induced by herbal medicine, syo-saiko-to (xiao-chai-hu-tang).

Four patients treated with the herbal medicine syo-saiko-to (xiao-chai-hu-tang) exhibited acute drug-induced liver injury. The latent period was one and a half to three months. All of the patients showed a rise in aminotransferases after readministration or challenge test. The liver histology revealed centrilobular confluent necrosis or spotty necrosis, microvesicular fatty change, acidophilic degeneration, and a granuloma. Cholestasis was seen in two patients. The results of the [13C]aminopyrine breath test, performed in one patient, were low before the challenge test and even lower after the challenge. These findings suggest that the herbal medicine syo-saiko-to may induce acute injury or the hepatocellular pattern with variable cholestasis.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1995

Index of assessing functional status in elderly Japanese men.

We attempted to propose the equation of assessing the functional status of elderly adult Japanese men. A number of physical and motor performance measurements were collected from a group of 104 male volunteer subjects (mean age 76.4 +/- 5.8 years). Factor analysis with varimax criterion was applied to all the data. Five factors extracted were interpreted as follows: (1) coordination of the body, (2) flexibility of the trunk, (3) static balance, (4) muscular strength and endurance, and (5) cardiorespiratory fitness. Furthermore, the factor score was computed for each individual by each factor. Each of the five factors were weighted in accordance with its relative contribution to the total variance (or the size of eigenvalue). The weighted combination of factor scores was summed to generate an index of functional status (IFS). Next, IFS scores were computed for each individual and normalized to T scores. Then, a multiple linear regression analysis was performed with the factor analytically derived IFS scores as the dependent variable: IFS = -0.625X1 + 0.604X2 + 0.346X3 + 0.223X4 + 0.465X5 + 0.082X6 + 0.114X7 + 0.199X8 + 0.019X9 + 0.071X10 + 19.76; where X1 = walking around two chairs in a figure 8 (sec), X2 = manipulating pegs in a pegboard (num), X3 = vertical jump (cm), X4 = sit and reach (cm), X5 = estimated maximal oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min), X6 = balancing on one leg with eyes open (sec), X7 = grip strength (kg), X8 = trunk flexion from a standing position (cm), X9 = leg muscle endurance in a semi-squat position against a wall (sec), and X10 = balancing on one leg with eyes closed (sec) Thus, information on the 10 variables from five domains was statistically combined to a single score. The above equation was cross-validated in the other group of elderly men (n = 54). The mean IFS obtained for this group (50.0 +/- 8.3) was not significantly different from the validation group (50.0 +/- 10.0). It is apparent that the IFS has the potential to serve as another useful measure of high order, daily living activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of gibberellin-induced elongation growth of rice by feruloyl oligosaccharides.

The biological activity of cell wall-derived feruloyl oligosaccharides was investigated using a modified micro-drop bioassay. A feruloyl arabinoxylan trisaccharide (FAXX) and a feruloyl arabinoxylan tetrasaccharide (FAXXX) were found to inhibit the gibberellin-induced elongation of dwarf rice (Oryza sativa L., cv, Tan-ginbozu) that had been treated with uniconazole (S-3307), an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of gibberellins. An arabinoxylan trisaccharide (AXX) was ineffective. The growth-inhibitory effect of feruloyl oligosaccharides depended on their feruloyl and glycosyl moieties. The amount of esterified diferulic acid residues in the cell walls of the second leaf sheath of rice seedlings that had been treated with FAXX was almost same as that of controls. Feruloyl oligosaccharides did not inhibit the incorporation of [14C]leucine into acid-precipitable proteins by suspension-cultured maize cells, whereas cinnamic acid and its derivatives strongly inhibited such incorporation.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1994

The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in transient forebrain ischemia in the rat brain.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may play a role in the pathophysiology of neuronal cell death after cerebral ischemia. We investigated alterations in BDNF gene expression and the effect of BDNF on neuronal death after transient forebrain ischemia in the rat brain. Transient forebrain ischemia was induced by occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries and by producing systemic hypotension for 8 minutes. The alterations in the BDNF messenger ribonucleic acid content in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex were examined by Northern blot analysis, using a phosphorus-32-labeled mouse BDNF complementary deoxyribonucleic acid probe. Recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells with BDNF-secreting capacity were established by expression vector transfection with BDNF complementary deoxyribonucleic acid. The effect of BDNF on neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region after ischemia was then examined by using a continuous intraventricular infusion of 200 microliters of normal (Group II, n = 6) or 30-times concentrated recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell culture medium containing BDNF (Group IV, n = 6). Normal (Group I, n = 6) or 30-times concentrated (Group III, n = 6) Chinese hamster ovary cell culture medium, not including BDNF complementary deoxyribonucleic acid, was infused into the same ischemic brains, which served as controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[A case of testicular tumor with a small tumor focus in the testis].

The initial symptom of a testicular tumor is painless enlargement of the testis in most cases, but in some cases can manifest itself with metastatic lesions associated with a small focus. On the other hand, a occult testicular tumor accompanied by a minimal lesion in the testis, may be included in the category of extra gonadal germ-cell tumors. We have seen a 41-year-old male with a chief complaint of swelling of a cervical lymph node, who was found to have a tumor in the testis of normal size. A CT scan revealed a tumor in the retroperitoneal space. The serum levels of HCG and AFP were markedly elevated. Biopsy of the cervical lymph node established a diagnosis of embryonal cell carcinoma. The left testis, free from a palpable mass but tender, was excised. A gonadal cell tumor approximately 7 mm in size was just below the epididymis. A stage III-a testicular tumor was diagnosed in the patient. Three courses of VAB-6 yielded partial relief in the patient. We concluded that the testis should be carefully examined with echogram whenever a extra gonadal germ-cell tumor is suspected, since a tiny lesion can exist in the testis concomitantly in some cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Endocrine chemotherapy for prostatic cancer].

We carried out a randomized joint study on endocrine therapy and endocrine chemotherapy for prostatic cancer at our department and 17 affiliated institutions. Of 80 patients entered, 39 patients were treated with chlormadinone acetate alone (group A) and 41 patients were treated with chlormadinone acetate in combination with UFT (group B). After excluding 10 inappropriate patients, Stage C was observed in 14 patients in group A and 13 in group B, and stage D in 20 patients in group A and 23 in group B. Side effects were observed in 8.8% (3/34) in group A and 22.2% (8/30) in group B without a significant difference. The anti-tumor effects (response rate) and clinical effects with respect to each item did not significantly differ between the two groups. The non-recurrence rate and survival rate were significantly higher in group B than in group A. These findings suggest the usefulness of endocrine chemotherapy using UFT.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

[A clinical study on transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis and ureter].

During the 9 years between 1983 and 1992, 36 patients with renal pelvic and ureteral tumors were treated in our hospital. There were 24 males and 12 females. The most common chief complaint was macrohematuria. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) revealed the finding of non-visualized kidney, filling defects and hydronephrosis in 99%. Histologically, 26 were found to have transitional cell carcinoma, one squamous cell carcinoma and one adenocarcinoma. The 5-year survival rate of this study was 54.5% according to the Kaplan-Meier's method. In our study the most important prognostic factor was histopathological grading.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Nondwarf rice seedling bioassay for gibberellins.

The use of nondwarf rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars treated with uniconazole as test plants for gibberellin (GA) bioassay instead of Tan-ginbozu dwarf rice variant was investigated. The sensitivity of six nondwarf rice cultivars to GAs was increased substantially by treatment of the seeds with uniconazole. The minimum detectable dose of a GA in the nondwarf cultivars treated with uniconazole was 1- to 1/10-fold of that in the nontreated Tanginbozu and 3- to 10-fold of that in uniconazole-treated Tanginbozu. The relative activity of several GAs on treated nondwarf rice cultivars was not largely different from that to Tan-ginbozu. Considering that seeds of nondwarf rice are available commercially, the nondwarf rice seedling assay would be useful as a simple assay for systematic analysis of GAs, and also as a routine teaching tool in high schools and universities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical study of terodiline hydrochloride for the treatment of urinary frequency and urinary incontinence, and its cardiovascular adverse effects].

We evaluated the effectiveness and side effects of terodiline hydrochloride in 109 patients with urinary frequency and urinary incontinence. The drug was administered at a dose of 24 mg once a day or 12 mg twice a day for 4 weeks. Symptoms such as urinary frequency and urinary incontinence were alleviated in 101 out of 109 patients (92.7%). Mild side effects such as thirst, dysuria, sense of residual urine, orthostatic hypotension and arrhythmia were observed in 9 out of 109 patients (8.2%). Side effects such as orthostatic hypotension and arrhythmia were observed on the 28th day or the 20th day of the administration, but these symptoms disappeared with discontinued use of this medicine. The results obtained from this study suggest that terodiline hydrochloride may be greatly useful for the patients with urinary frequency and urinary incontinence. But we must take account of the side effects such as orthostatic hypotension and arrhythmia.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Study of preventive effect of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU) or combination of HCFU and 2.5-di-O-acetyl-D-glucaro (1-4) (6-3) dilactone (SLA) after preservative operation against bladder cancer].

To treat superficial bladder cancer or invasive bladder cancer presenting as a solitary tumor, conservative therapy such as transurethral resection of bladder tumor or partial cystectomy has long been carried out. We studied the effect of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU), and the effects of the combination of HCFU and 2.5-di-O-acetyl-D-glucaro-(1-4)(6-3) dilactone (SLA) which is an anti-beta-glucuronidase agent, for preventive therapy. In the patients treated with HCFU, the recurrence rate was 3.6% and 26.6% one year and two years, respectively, after conservative operation. In the patients treated with both SLA and HCFU, the recurrence rate was lower than in those treated with HCFU one year or more after conservative operation, and a long-term preventive effect was expected for nondrinkers.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical study on 15 cases of torsion of the spermatic cord].

We experienced fifteen cases of torsion of the spermatic cord during the past 10 years. The age distribution was from 10 to 40 years old and the average age was 21.1 years. All cases except one case of right undescended testis occurred on the left side. To our interest, the onset in 12 of the 13 cases with known onset time were during sleep or within one hour after waking up. All cases except one case in the undescended testis complained of pain of the testis and some of them were accompanied with pain in the inguinal and lower abdominal region. Swelling and tenderness of the testis were observed in most cases and shortness of the spermatic cord probably caused by torsion and secondary inflammation seemed to be important findings. Prehn's sign and fever up were observed in few cases but leukocytosis was seen in 10 cases. Eleven cases of surgical treatment consisting of 10 orchiopexy and one orchiectomy were performed. Four cases of spontaneous detorsion were included in our experience. Orchiopexy of the contralateral intact testis was not done, but, we have never experienced relapse of torsion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Active-site-directed inactivation of Aspergillus oryzae beta-galactosidase with beta-D-galactopyranosylmethyl-p-nitrophenyltriazene.

beta-D-Galactopyranosylmethyl-p-nitrophenyltriazene (beta-GalMNT), a specific inhibitor of beta-galactosidase, was isolated as crystals by HPLC and its chemical and physicochemical characteristics were examined. Aspergillus oryzae beta-galactosidase was inactivated by the compound. We studied the inhibition mechanism in detail. The inhibitor was hydrolyzed by the enzyme to p-nitroaniline and an active intermediate (beta-galactopyranosylmethyl carbonium or beta-galactopyranosylmethyldiazonium), which inactivated the enzyme. The efficiency of inactivation of the enzyme (the ratio of moles of inactivated enzyme to moles of beta-GalMNT hydrolyzed by the enzyme) was 3%; the efficiency of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase was 49%. In spite of the low efficiency, the rate of inactivation of A. oryzae enzyme was not very different from that of the E. coli enzyme, because the former hydrolyzed beta-GalMNT faster than the latter did. A. oryzae beta-galactosidase was also inactivated by p-chlorophenyl, p-tolyl, and m-nitrophenyl derivatives of beta-galactopyranosylmethyltriazene. However, E. coli beta-galactosidase was not inactivated by these triazene derivatives. The results showed that the inactivation of A. oryzae and E. coli beta-galactosidases by beta-GalMNT was an enzyme-activated and active-site-directed irreversible inactivation. The possibility of inactivation by intermediates produced nonenzymatically was ruled out for E. coli, but not for the A. oryzae enzyme.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1990

Restorative effects of thymosin fraction 5 on reduction in responsiveness of rat thymocytes to allogenic lymphocytes during bladder tumor induction.

One-way MLR was examined by using thymocytes (responder) from Fischer 344/NSIc rats in which urinary bladder cancers were induced by administration of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine [(BBN) CAS: 3817-11-6], and lymph node lymphocytes (stimulator) from WKH/Hkm rats. From the 10th week of the administration, when only hyperplastic change was noticed in the bladder mucosa, progressive decrease of the MLR was detected in the thymus small lymphocyte population (TSLP) and the decrease was the most conspicuous in more dense, namely, intermediate and heavier, small lymphocyte subpopulations. When TSLP was pretreated with TF5 in vitro, the most restorative effects on the decreased MLR were found in hyperplastic stage and the effects were becoming less with the advance of tumor developments. Moreover, in scrutinizing the effects of TF5 on the small lymphocyte subpopulation in hyperplastic stage, the maximal restoration of the responsiveness was found in the heavier subpopulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of cross-linking agent on the bond strength of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin].

A cross-linking agent was added to increase the bonding strength of Superbond C & B by improving its cohesiveness. PMMA powder, which was copolymerized with 0.5% (w/w) neopentylglycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent, was used for the preparation of Superbond C & B. The bonding of Superbond C & B to which the cross-linking agent had been added was then examined by the pull-out test using an alloy with different levels of surface roughness prepared by two surface-processing methods (polishing with #600 waterproof abrasive paper or 50 microns sandblast processing). The results were as follows: 1. Superbond C & B had a bonding strength of 205 kgf/cm2 after polish processing of the alloy with #600 waterproof abrasive paper and 199 kgf/cm2 after 50 microns sandblast processing. The t-test showed no significant difference between the two types of processing. 2. Superbond C & B to which the cross-linking agent had been added showed a bonding strength of 285 kgf/cm2 in the material processed with #600 waterproof abrasive paper and 347 kgf/cm2 in that processed with 50 microns sandblast processing. 3. Among various combinations of bonding agents and surface processing methods, the combination of Superbond C & B with the cross-linking agent and 50 microns sandblast processing showed the highest values under all conditions.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1989

[Case report of primary carcinoma in situ in upper urinary tract and review of the Japanese literature].

A case of carcinoma in situ (CIS) in the right renal pelvis in a 71-year-old women is reported. The patient was admitted because of macroscopic hematuria. Drip infusion pyelography showed a filling defect (coagulum) in the right renal pelvis. Other abnormal findings were not made. Malignancy was suspected by cytology examination in both voiding urine and that obtained by catheter from the right pelvis. A right total nephroureterectomy was performed. Macroscopic abnormal findings were only of the coagulum in the renal pelvis. Pathologic examination showed CIS in the renal pelvis. We studied the features, pattern of recurrence, and prognosis of 19 cases of primary CIS in the upper urinary tract in the Japanese literature. A slight higher frequency was reported for women than for men. When the CIS was in the ureter, abnormal roentgenological findings, such as stenosis, filling defects, or a dilated ureter, were common (77%), contrary to expectation. But when the CIS was in the pelvis, such findings were rare. Urine cytology examination was positive in 95% of the patients. In four of the 19 patients, a recurrence was found. In all four patients, the first recurrence was in the bladder within 2 years of surgery. The kind of recurrent bladder tumors varied with the patients. The prognosis with recurrence was poor. If signs of recurrence were not recognized within 2 years of surgery, the prognosis was good.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Granulocytic sarcoma of testis preceding acute myelocytic leukemia.

A unique case of granulocytic sarcoma of the testis as a first manifestation of acute myelocytic leukemia preceding hematologic pathology is reported. The testicular specimen was identified by immunoperoxidase staining to be composed of immature granulocytes. Acute myelocytic leukemia of which the first manifestation is a primary testicular tumor is extremely rare, and the related literature is reviewed.

Aged↗