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Biomedical subjects

T Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to T Nilsson.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Chemical hypophysectomy for relief of bone pain in carcinoma of the prostate.

A series is presented of 10 patients with intractable pain secondary to diffuse metastatic prostatic carcinoma. These patients underwent pituitary ablation by a new method of chemical hypophysectomy, which consisted of multiple injections of absolute alcohol into the pituitary gland under stereotaxic control. Of the 10 patients 9 had good to excellent pain relief. There was no operative mortality. The sequelae are those associated with pituitary destruction, the most significant being diabetes insipidus. Preoperative and postoperative hormonal studies failed to reveal any significant hormonal changes despite good and almost immediate pain relief.

Diabetes Insipidus↗
PubMed1977

Muscle tone under fentanyl-nitrous oxide anaesthesia measured with a transducer apparatus in cholecystecomy incisions.

Fentanyl is a strong, synthetic analgesic which may cause muscular rigidity when administered intravenously. To obtain a quantitative measure of the possible increase in muscle tone after intravenous fentanyl, the muscular tension of the right rectus abdominis was measured in 20 patients before and after administration of this drug. A traction transducer apparatus was fastened between the anterior and posterior rectus sheath in a right oblique laparotomy incision. Premedication was with pentobarbitone, and the anaesthesia and muscle relaxation were effected by thiopentone or enibomal and nitrous oxide-oxygen with 75% nitrous oxide, and suxamethonium infusion (0.2%) until the measurement of tension was started. Immediately after the action of suxamethonium had ceased, fentanyl, about 0.004 mg/kg body weight, was administered. An increase in tone was found in 15 cases (75%). The mean increase was 9.2 N. The influence of the anaesthesia upon the result is discussed, and it is concluded that fentanyl must be responsible for the increase in muscle tone.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma with estramustine phosphate (Estracyt).

Estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) was used in the treatment of 154 patients with carcinoma of the prostate in stage IV. Sixty-three patients were given Estracyt from the outset (primary treatment group) and 91 had previously received some other endocrine therapy (secondary treatment group). All of the patients were observed for more than one year. The drug was given intravenously and/or orally. Objective remissions occurred in 46 (73.0%) of the 63 patients in the primary treatment group and subjective remissions in all the objective responders and in 12 additional patients (92.0%). The corresponding figures for the secondary treatment group were 28 (30.7%) and 52 (57.1%) of 91. The side-effects were negligible, and the drug was well tolerated. No cumulative toxic effect was observed in patients who had been receiving the treatment for more than five years. In our opinion the compound is valuable in the treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma (stage IV).

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Scanning electron microscopy of normal and malignant human urothelium.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate and compare normal bladder mucosa to tumor epithelium as well as to normal-appearing mucosa in patients with diagnosed bladder tumor. Bladder urothelium adjacent to tumors exhibits a characteristic pattern of fine structural relief which is distinct from normal uroepithelium. These changes in microcontour may be guides to the identification of early malignancy, and thus the technique will be helpful in deciding how aggressive the treatment of bladder tumor should be.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition by estramustine phosphate on estradiol and androgen binding in benign and malignant prostate in humans.

Specific cytoplasmic androgen and estrogen binding has been measured in human benign prostatic hypertrophy and carcinomatous tissue. In vitro support for the binding of estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) to both estradiol- and dihydrotestosterone-binding sites is presented, which in part could explain the clinical effect of estramustine phosphate when pure estrogenic compunds are not effective.

Androgens↗
PubMed1976

The use of furosemide in the postoperative management of prostatectomy: a prospective investigation.

We estimated the effect of forced diuresis in the postoperative management of prostatectomy in a prospective, controlled clinical investigation. The need for bladder irrigation in a group of patients treated with furosemide is compared to that in a group not treated with this drug. The chi-square test showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. Therefore, there is no indication for furosemide in the postoperative management of patients subjected to prostatectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Study of glomerular and tubular function after in situ cooling of the kidney.

Ischemia of the kidney for 3 hours at a temperature of 16 to 18C will only impair renal function to a minimal degree measured by glomerular (51Cr ethylenediaminetetracetic acid) and tubular (125I hippuran) clearances. A newly developed device for surface cooling is described. The technique of clinical in situ surface cooling is recommended whenever an ischemia time for more than 10 minutes is expected.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Primary treatment of prostatic carcinoma with estramustine phosphate: preliminary report.

Estramustine phosphate has been used as primary treatment in 38 patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma. Of these 38 patients 36 responded objectively to treatment, regression occurring in 10 patients with soft tissue metastases, 3 with pulmonary metastases and 3 with bony metastases. Primary cytotoxic treatment in patients with far advanced prostatic carcinoma is advocated and a randomized clinical study is suggested.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Predictive value of liver scintiphotography for demonstration of metastases in malignant gastrointestinal disorders.

In a prospective investigation, the predictive value of liver scintiphotography was evaluated in 107 consecutive patients operated on suspicion of intra-abdominal cancer. Scintiphotography was performed by means of a Pho/Gamma HP scintillation camera after intravenous administration of 99mTc sulfur colloid. The final diagnoses were obtained within 10 days after scintiphotography by laparotomy or autopsy. The predictive value of an abnormal scintiphoto was found to be 57%, and the predictive value of a normal scintiphoto was 91%. It is concluded that scintophotography is helpful in the preoperative evaluation of patients with suspected intra-abdominal cancer, especially in order to rule out the presence of liver metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Total replacement of part of the canine urethra with lyophilized vein homografts.

Three centimeters of the urethra were replaced by lyophilized homograft veins in nine male dogs. The dogs were followed for up to 6 months with periodic urethrograms. The grafted lyophilized veins served as a guide for the ingrowing transitional cell epithelium. The graft caused very little tissue reaction and hardly any formation of fibrous tissue. The urethra was covered by transitional cell epithelium after 4 to 8 weeks, and eight of the nine dogs showed no signs of obstruction during the follow-up period.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of estramustine phosphate on plasma testosterone during treatment of carcinoma of prostate.

Estramustine phosphate administered orally at 900 mg. daily depressed plasma testosterone levels in 10 consecutive patients who had previously been treated with estrogen hormones and/or orchiectomy and who were all in relapse from carcinoma of the prostate. Approximately one half of the patients responded to the treatment clinically. The decrease in plasma testosterone did not correlate with the clinical response. The clinical effect of estramustine phosphate may be due to decreased plasma testosterone levels, inhibiton of 5-alpha reductase activity, and a local cytotoxic effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Antithrombin in infancy and childhood.

Antithrombin III was measured immunologically, and antithrombin activity was measured with aid of a new synthetic tripeptide substrate for serine proteases in plasma of healthy infants and children, 0-14 years of age. Both methods gave decreased values in the youngest infants as compared with adults. The antithrombin increased with age and reached adult values about 6 months of age. In infants up to one month of age, antithrombin III measured immunologically was significantly lower than antithrombin activity, whereas there was no difference between the antithrombin methods in the higher ages. Antithrombin III concentration and antithrombin activity as measured were poorly correlated.

Adolescent↗