Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Neumann.
In 46 patients the common and internal carotid artery were examined by duplex sonography and intraarterial DSA in a prospective study. A correlation of 80% was found in diagnosis and degree of the pathological changes. Small lesions of the vessels are more exactly demonstrated by duplex sonography. In subtotal stenosis duplex sonography is inferior to angiography.
A retrospective study of 147 emergency sonographic examinations performed at our department between March 1989 and February 1990 showed a good agreement with operation results, autopsies respectively punctures. Several cases were discussed. The obtained relevance of therapy of about 75% emphasizes the demand that sonography must be the method of first choice in emergency diagnostic.
Results are given for the experimental control of Pharaoh ants, Monomorium pharaonis L., with persistent borax baits in the laboratory and the field. DYBH-bait formulations with about 17 per cent borax are very attractive and have a good effectivity. In 5 different objects infested with this ant eradication was proved to be possible with this experimental formulations. The progress of eradication depends essentially on the good organisational preparation of control measures.
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Despite the multitude of the imaging procedures which are nowadays at our disposal the diagnostics of the carcinoma of the pancreas and particularly of the early carcinoma is now as ever difficult. On the basis of a multicentric team study about the diagnostic course in 62 patients with diagnosed carcinoma of the pancreas we conclude to an effective diagnostic proceeding. Hereby a broad use of the ultrasound diagnostics is to be demanded and the bioptic clarification of focal findings is early to be carried out. With the help of the serial CT the differentiation between chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of the pancreas finds particular consideration, it was successful with a reliability of 84%.
Renal microcirculation and function were studied in the unilateral clamp-induced ischemia/reperfusion model in anesthetized rats. After 60-min reperfusion fluorochromelabeled globulin was injected i.v. allowing histological determination of capillary plasma flow patterns (CPFP). In the 60-min ischemia protocol the untreated group revealed poor capillary labeling in the outer medulla (OM), whereas cortical perfusion patterns were only slightly altered. Pre- and postischemic treatment with diltiazem led to significant improvement of CPFP in the OM: 4.9% of tissue areas were lying more than 60 microns from the next perfused capillary vs 70.2% after untreated ischemia. Postischemic treatment with diltiazem proved much less effective. Inulin clearance (CIn) amounted to less than 2% of baseline values irrespective of the treatment regimen. However, in the 30-min ischemia protocol, displaying normal CPFP, preservation of CIn was evident and most effective after pre- and postischemic diltiazem treatment (53% vs 8% after untreated ischemia). Measurements of tubular function, however, did not reveal any significant improvement after diltiazem treatment. This observation and the fact that the drugs has a vasodilating effect lend support to the view that the preservation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is most likely mediated by vascular mechanisms. In conclusion, in this experimental model diltiazem significantly reduced postischemic disturbances of renal microcirculation occurring after prolonged periods of ischemia and was clearly efficient in maintaining GFR after shorter ischemic episodes; however, tubular function was not preserved. Our results, as well as those of other authors, strongly suggest that diltiazem causes the aforementioned effects mainly by actions at the vascular site.
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In 62 patients with proven pancreatic tumours in a joint retrospective study the sequence of diagnostic imaging methods was analysed. Their diagnostic value was evaluated according to their contribution to final diagnosis and a diagnostic strategy was derived. A valuable primary investigation is sonography. It should be complemented, according to the specific question, by ERCP, PTC and CT. The investigation with barium meal is a complementing method for the differentiation of epigastric disorders. Biopsy of the tumour for histologic purposes should be done as early as possible. A first guiding diagnosis was obtained with ultrasound in 50% of the cases, in 53% of them already with the first examination. In 23% of the patients, however, the final diagnosis was established not before surgery or dissection.
While the diagnosis of the acute pancreatitis is now as ever made clinically, the significance of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) lies above all in the demonstration of morphologic changes and their extent. When the statements of the ultrasonic diagnosis are sufficient in easy stages of the acute pancreatitis and for the recognition of a more severe stage as well as for the control of the course, an evident assessment of the haemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis, in particular before operation, is possible only with the help of the CT. Only with its help we succeed in a comprehensive demonstration of the necroses, formations of abscesses, haemorrhages as well as of the ways of necrosis. The better availability and the riskless possibility of carrying out the ultrasonic diagnosis with altogether high evidence allow a narrow-meshed control of the course of the acute pancreatitis.
The systemic character of the rheumatoid arthritis and the collagenoses includes an extraarticular organ manifestation. Since the symptomatology of an organ participation is often covered over with dominating joint troubles its diagnostics is difficult. In 34 patients (22 with rheumatoid arthritis, 12 with collagenoses) with the help of non-invasive methods (computed tomography and sonography) is tried to recognize a participation of the heart--particularly of the pericardium. Our examinations show that by means of the computed tomography in 13.6% of the cases an effusion in the pericardium (9.1% of them clinically not conspicuous) could be proved in rheumatoid arthritis, however, the frequency of 30% of the echocardiographically diagnosed pericardial effusions described in the literature could up to now not be confirmed. The classification of the changes of the pericardium as a complication of a rheumatoid arthritis or a collagenosis may be performed only in connection with the adequate clinical and biochemical immunological findings excluding other cardiac diseases.
Polyclonal antibodies were raised against the purified ribosomal proteins L1 and L2, the 5S rRNA binding protein L3, all from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and against L1 and L2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (numbering according to Otaka and Osawa 1981; Otaka et al. 1983, respectively). For clarity prefixes Sc and Sp have been added to the numbering of proteins derived from S. cerevisiae and S. pombe, respectively. Ribosomal proteins from these yeasts and from Kluyveromyces marxianus, Rhodotorula glutinis, the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum and the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila were checked for antigenic cross-reactivity by the immunoblot technique. Anti-ScL1 bound to the largest ribosomal proteins of all organisms but not with equal strength. A fast migrating protein band from R. glutinis was also reactive. Anti-ScL2 reacted strongly with L2 or analogous proteins derived exclusively from the yeasts. Anti-ScL3 cross-reacted only with one protein band from K. marxianus, whereas anti-SpL1 cross-reacted with L1 or its analogues from the other organisms, but also with proteins of lower molecular weight. In S. cerevisiae, these proteins are located exclusively on the small ribosomal subunit. L2 or analogous ribosomal proteins of all organisms were recognized by anti-SpL2 but additionally the ribosomal protein YL28 of S. cerevisiae and fast migrating proteins of T. thermophila exhibited anti-SpL2 binding.
A survey was carried out between October 1983 and April 1984 on smoking habits and disease patterns in African patients consecutively attending medical departments of two hospitals in Maiduguri, north-east Nigeria. In all 2346 adult patients completed a questionnaire under medical supervision, and the primary diagnosis was also recorded. Of 820 men 124 (15.1%) and of 1526 women five (0.3%) were current cigarette smokers; over 75% of all smokers consumed less than 20 cigarettes a day. Six hundred and four men (73.7%) and 1519 women (99.5%) had never smoked. No patients had bronchial carcinoma or myocardial infarction; one patient had exertional angina and two had emphysema. The high proportion of non-smokers amongst the patient population is considered an important factor accounting for the rarity of such diseases.
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On the basis of the patients treated by us we investigated the reasonable use of sonography in nephrologic questionings. As a result we drew the conclusions that the main fields of application are the various forms and stages of the renal insufficiency, the differential diagnosis of space demands and existing contraindication to contrast remedies or X-rays. In contrast to the up to now performed practice on suspicion of tumour and retention of urine in the bladder the sonography should be performed as first picture-giving method before the excretion urogram.
A middle-aged man is described who developed a severe liver disease resembling alcoholic hepatitis which occurred after prolonged total parenteral nutrition for a severe short bowel syndrome. His nutrition was well maintained in terms of biochemical parameters, suggesting that the liver disease was not mediated by a nutritional deficit.
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