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Biomedical subjects

T Nakada

Publications and source records attributed to T Nakada.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on synthesis of methylguanidine in uraemic patients on haemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on synthesis of methylguanidine was studied in 6 uraemic patients on haemodialysis and 5 uraemic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The two groups of patients were started on a 24-week course of thrice weekly 1500 IU of rHuEPO by the intravenous route. Serum methylguanidine level and methylguanidine/creatinine ratio were comparable in these groups. In the two groups no significant differences were observed in these measurements comparing the pretreatment values with those 4, 8, 12 or 24 weeks after starting rHuEPO administration. During rHuEPO therapy, serum methylguanidine levels and methylguanidine/creatinine ratio showed no considerable difference between the two groups. These findings suggest that administration of rHuEPO does not alter methylguanidine synthesis in uraemic patients on haemodialysis and CAPD.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Changes in urinary kallikrein excretion and plasma natriuretic factor in a patient with primary aldosteronism with special reference to adrenal histology.

High level of urinary kallikrein excretion was observed in a 23-year-old man with primary aldosteronism. Unilateral adrenalectomy improved the clinical symptoms and normalized the urinary concentration of this vasoactive substance. Although plasma atrial natriuretic factor was not elevated, adrenal surgery lowered its concentration. Coexistence of an adrenal adenoma and lesions of nodular hyperplasia were detected in the removed adrenal gland. We summarize the clinical data of this patient and review the literature.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1994

The effect of oestradiol-17 beta on connective tissue protein in rat prostate.

The concentrations of collagen, non-collagenous protein and elastin in ventral and dorsolateral prostates in oestradiol-17 beta-treated rats were higher than in vehicle-treated rats. The in vivo incorporation rates of 3H-proline into these connective tissue proteins in ventral and dorsolateral prostates were reduced following oestradiol-17 beta-treatment. The degradation rate of 3H-proline incorporated into each connective tissue protein was lowest in oestradiol-17 beta-treated animals. These findings indicate that the accumulation of collagen, non-collagenous protein and elastin in prostates of oestradiol-17 beta-treated rats can be largely accounted for by the suppressed degradation of biosynthesis of these connective tissue proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Connective tissue protein in the prostate gland.

Clinically aggressive neoplastic development appears to be associated with extensive extracellular matrix biosynthesis. Collagen, non-collagenous protein and elastin from 21 specimens of benign hypertrophic prostate (BPH) and 15 samples of cancerous prostate were determined. Collagen and non-collagenous protein concentrations of BPH were similar to those in prostatic carcinoma. The elastin concentration of well or moderately differentiated prostatic carcinoma was greater than that in BPH specimens. These results may provide an explanation as to the early antecedent or possible aetiology of prostatic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Change in haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and vasoactive hormones in haemodialysis patients with erythropoietin-associated hypertension.

The changes in haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, plasma renin activity (PRA) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were studied in 10 haemodialysis patients with erythropoietin-associated hypertension. All patients received intravenously 1500 IU of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) thrice weekly for 24 weeks. Treatment with rHuEPO induced significant rises in haemoglobin concentration (p < 0.001) and haematocrit (p < 0.01). However, the difference between post- and pretreatment levels of haemoglobin (delta Hb) was not correlated with that between post- and pre-treatment mean blood pressure (delta MBP). No correlation was found between delta Ht (difference between post- and pre-treatment values of haematocrit) and delta MBP. These results indicate that elevation of the haematocrit and haemoglobin concentration of haemodialysis patients does not necessarily lead to an increase in blood pressure. In these patients, no significant differences were observed in PRA and ANP, comparing pre-treatment values with those measured 4, 8, 12 or 24 weeks after commencing rHuEPO. This suggests that neither PRA nor ANP play a central role in the pathogenesis of rHuEPO-induced hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Open heart operation in a young child with spherocytosis.

Open heart operations on patients with hereditary spherocytosis have been reported rarely. Young children who have not yet undergone splenectomy have a high risk of intraoperative hemolysis because of the heart-lung machine and secondary renal failure. We report the case of a 15-month-old child with spherocytosis who underwent an open heart operation without serious complications as a result of careful and appropriate perioperative management.

Ductus Arteriosus, Patent↗
PubMed1994

Reduction in norepinephrine content of the rabbit urinary bladder by alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist after electrical pelvic floor stimulation.

The present study was designed to obtain evidence of reflex activation of the hypogastric nerves during electrical pelvic floor stimulation. Rabbits were treated with yohimbine (900 micrograms./kg./min.) with and without electrical stimulation under general anesthesia. Norepinephrine (NE) content of the rabbit bladder body and base were estimated by high performance liquid chromatography. Administration of yohimbine alone reduced the NE content of the bladder base (p < 0.05). The combination of yohimbine and electrical pelvic floor stimulation decreased NE content in the bladder base to a greater extent (p < 0.001); NE content in the bladder body decreased slightly (p < 0.001). Here we present evidence that the hypogastric nerves are reflexively activated by stimulation of the pelvic floor structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

High level of noncollagenous protein of spermatic vein in patients with varicocele.

Spermatic vein specimens were removed from 46 patients with varicocele who underwent high ligation of the left spermatic vein and 11 men with renal cancer who underwent radical nephrectomy. Semen analysis was performed preoperatively and after 3 months, and the contents of noncollagenous protein, collagen and elastin in the spermatic vein were determined. The noncollagenous protein contents in the spermatic vein were greater in patients with grades 2 and 3 varicocele than in those with renal cancer (p < 0.001) and grade 1 varicocele (p < 0.01), respectively. Similar results, to a lesser extent, were also obtained for the contents of collagen. The content of elastin in each group was identical. Noncollagenous protein content correlated inversely with sperm count and sperm motility in all varicocele groups, as did collagen content in patients with grades 2 and 3 varicocele. These results indicate that there is an association between a large amount of noncollagenous protein and collagen in the spermatic vein and deterioration of the spermiogram in patients with grades 2 and 3 varicocele.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Effect of progesterone on ovulation in the hypophysectomised hen.

1. One hundred and seven laying hens were hypophysectomised to clarify the relationship between hypophysectomy and the effect of progesterone (P4) on ovulation. 2. Hens were hypophysectomised at 6 intervals from 4.5 to 11.0 h before the expected time of ovulation. Ovulation occurred in the hens operated on from 4.5 to 7.3 h, but did not take place in birds operated on from 9.2 to 9.8 h before the expected time of ovulation. 3. When a single dose of P4 (2 mg/hen) was injected iv immediately after the removal of the anterior pituitary from 7.5 to 9.8 h before the expected time of ovulation, ovulation was induced. However, the percentage of hens responding decreased in proportion to the lapse of time between the hypophysectomy and the expected time of ovulation. No ovulation was induced in hens which were hypophysectomized and given P4 10.2 to 11.0 h before the expected time of ovulation. 4. It is suggested that ovulation is induced by P4 alone possibly in the absence of preovulatory gonadotrophins and that P4 acts directly on the ovary to induce follicle rupture.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Phentolamine test for operative complications of pheochromocytoma: its prognostic importance.

The purpose of this investigation was to assess whether the phentolamine test is able to predict blood pressure fluctuations during operations on patients with pheochromocytoma. We administered 5 mg phentolamine intravenously to 11 patients with pheochromocytoma and 6 patients with essential hypertension, pretreated with alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists. Plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine were determined before and after phentolamine administration, and blood pressure was measured repeatedly. Subsequently, all patients with pheochromocytoma underwent adrenal operations. Evidence is presented to show that: (1) in patients with pheochromocytoma whose blood pressure remains stable during their operation, phentolamine produces no clear effects on mean blood pressure (MBP), plasma epinephrine and plasma norepinephrine except in one patient with Sipple's syndrome, (2) in patients with pheochromocytoma exhibiting unstable blood pressure changes during surgery, phentolamine lowers MBP and raises plasma norepinephrine and (3) in patients with essential hypertension, MBP and plasma catecholamines remain unchanged following phentolamine administration. Based on these findings, this pharmacological test appears to be useful for predicting hemodynamic stability in patients with pheochromocytoma pretreated with alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Malignant lymphoma in the female urethra.

Primary malignant lymphomas in the female urethra are extremely rare. We report a 63-year-old woman who presented with a localized tumor of the urethral meatus. The tumor was classified as a non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, a diffuse, small cleaved cell type according to the Working Formulation classification. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the tumor was derived from B cells. The patient underwent chemotherapy and remains free from evidence of the disease 3 yr after excision. To our knowledge she is the seventh case of malignant lymphoma in the female urethra reported in the English literature.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

Serum level of immunosuppressive acidic protein in haemodialysis patients with or without renal cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the significance of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) for detection of renal cell carcinoma in patients undergoing haemodialysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The serum concentration of both IAP and creatinine was measured in 74 patients undergoing haemodialysis, 10 of whom had renal cell carcinoma and 64 of whom had no renal cell carcinoma. Control data was obtained from 13 healthy blood donors. RESULTS: The serum IAP level of patients undergoing haemodialysis was significantly elevated compared with that of the controls. The serum level of IAP in patients with renal cell carcinoma who were undergoing haemodialysis was also considerably higher than that of patients with no renal cell carcinoma. The serum creatinine levels were not significantly different between patients with and without renal cell carcinoma but were significantly elevated when compared with the controls. CONCLUSION: The measurement of serum IAP concentration is of value in the detection of renal cell carcinoma in patients undergoing haemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Bilateral ovarian metastasis from left renal cell carcinoma.

We report a case of left renal cell carcinoma with bilateral ovarian metastasis which was demonstrated 3 years after radical nephrectomy. The patient is alive without any evidence of disease 36 months after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1994

Renal cell carcinoma in dialysis patients.

Histopathological studies were performed in 18 dialysis patients with renal cell carcinoma. All patients were classified as stage I according to the criteria in the protocol of Robson. The 2 main cell types in these patients were granular (50%) and clear (44%) cell tumors. Thirty-nine percent of the carcinomas exhibited a predominantly acinar growth pattern, 27% had a papillary, and 17% exhibited a cystic growth pattern. In 28 nondialysis patients, the commonest cell type was clear cell carcinoma (67%) and acinar growth pattern was the predominant one (67%). The incidence of papillary renal cell tumors in dialysis patients was significantly higher than in nondialysis patients (p < 0.05). Patients with papillary renal cell tumors had received longer duration of dialysis therapy than those with nonpapillary renal cell carcinomas (p < 0.05). Seven (39%) showed grade 1 carcinoma and 11 (61%) showed grade 2, but grade 3 carcinoma was not observed. In these patients, 8 had associated acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK). The duration of dialysis in the patients with ACDK was significantly longer (p < 0.001). The most frequent cell type was granular-cell carcinoma (63%) in the patients with ACDK. Six patients without ACDK (60%) showed clear-cell carcinoma and 4 (40%) had granular cell tumors. Seventy-four percent of carcinomas exhibited a predominantly either papillary or cystic growth pattern in the patients with ACDK. However, renal cell carcinomas in dialysis patients with or without ACDK did not show significant differences in growth pattern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 associated with chordee without hypospadia.

We report a case of pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 associated with chordee without hypospadia. Plasma levels of LH and testosterone were within normal ranges, but the plasma FSH level was slightly elevated. The LH response to LH-RH stimulation and the response of plasma testosterone to HCG were normal. However, the administration of LH-RH induced an abnormally low response of plasma FSH.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Penile block via subpubic space for children who underwent superficial operation of the penis.

Penile nerve block via the subpubic space was performed to relief the postoperative pain of children who underwent superficial surgery of the penis. Thirty-one male children were subdivided into two groups. After dorsal split procedure had been carried out under general anesthesia, 16 patients underwent subpubic penile nerve block (group 1), while 15 patients had no additional anesthetic procedure (group 2). Time to the first postoperative pain in group 1 was statistically longer than that in group 2 (p < 0.05). Most patients in group 1 did not require postoperative analgesics during the first 24 h after surgery. This technique appeared to be effective in relieving the postoperative pain of children who underwent superficial operation of the penis.

Anesthesia, General↗