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T Nagatake

Publications and source records attributed to T Nagatake.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Clinical significance of respiratory infection caused by Branhamella catarrhalis with special reference to beta-lactamase producing strains.

I found the recent increase during the past eight years of the incidence of respiratory infections caused by Branhamella catarrhalis. Namely, I experienced 74 cases (93 episodes) of the respiratory infections; 5 pneumonia, 14 acute bronchitis, 1 lung abscess, 36 chronic bronchitis, 7 chronic bronchiolitis, 21 bronchiectasis and 9 chronic pulmonary emphysema with infection. In 65 of 93 infectious episodes, Branhamella catarrhalis was isolated as a pure culture and in 28 episodes it was associated with other organisms, 13 Haemophilus influenzae etc. In all the cases, a positive correlation was found between beneficial clinical results and disappearance of the organism from the sputum. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the representative beta-lactam and other antibiotics against 104 strains were determined. All of these strains were obtained during last four years from 1980 to 1983 from the purulent sputa as the main pathogen. Annually, this organism has significantly acquired resistance to beta-lactams. By 1983, 74% of Branhamella catarrhalis isolated from the purulent sputa became a beta-lactamase producers. And the failure cases of Branhamella catarrhalis infections treated with beta-lactams have increased during the last two years. These results have clearly showed also the importance of Branhamella catarrhalis as the common pathogen for respiratory organ.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Safety and pharmacology of aspoxicillin in healthy volunteers].

Aspoxicillin (ASPC), a new injectable semisynthetic penicillin, was administered to healthy volunteers to elucidate its safety and pharmacokinetics. No abnormalities obviously attributable to ASPC were observed in the examinations covering subjective and objective symptoms, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, electrocardiogram and body temperature, as well as in hematology, blood chemistry and urinalysis. There were slight increase in LDH (1 case), Al-P (1 case) and blood-glucose levels (2 cases) at 2 or 4 weeks after the administration with intravenous bolus consecutive injection (1 g X 1 or 2/day, 8 to 10 times), but these increases were not considered to be attributable to ASPC. When ASPC was administered by consecutive intravenous bolus injection, there observed no tendency of accumulation of the drug in serum or urine. When 1 g of ASPC was given intramuscular (i.m.), intravenous injection (i.v.) and intravenous drip infusion (d.i.) route, the maximum antibiotic levels in serum reached 25.2 micrograms/ml, 118.2 micrograms/ml and 70.3 micrograms/ml at 0.75 hour, 0.08 hour and 1 hour after the administration, respectively. The biological half-lives of ASPC attained by these 3 different routes were as follows: 1.73 hours (i.m.), 1.65 hours (i.v.) and 1.44 hours (d.i.). In a cross-over test with piperacillin (PIPC), serum levels of ASPC were higher than those of PIPC and half-lives of ASPC were longer. The 8 hours urinary recovery of ASPC was 75.9% after intravenous injection, 74.6% after intramuscular injection and 88.0% after intravenous drip infusion. Most of urinary recovery was excreted within 4 hours after administration regardless of dose levels, frequency of dosing or administration route. Thin layer chromatographic bioautography was conducted with the samples of serum and urine collected from subjects received ASPC. No antibacterial metabolite was observed in the serum obtained 2 hours after administration but a metabolite identified as amoxicillin was detected in a part of urine samples collected after 8 to 10 hours after the injection.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Laboratory evaluation of cefmenoxime: a new cephalosporin. In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetic properties.

Cefmenoxime is a new syn-methoxyimino cephalosporin antibiotic derived from cefotiam, which has been proved to be a very effective and useful antibiotic for the treatment of respiratory infections. This bacteriological and pharmacokinetic study was therefore performed in order to evaluate the potency of cefmenoxime in the treatment of respiratory infections. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefmenoxime against 179 isolates of respiratory pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae 53, Haemophilus influenzae 64, Klebsiella pneumoniae 43, Escherichia coli 9, Enterobacter spp. 10) were less than 0.20 micrograms/ml, and 43 (73%) of 60 Pseudomonas aeruginosa were inhibited by 12.5 micrograms/ml. In vitro antibacterial activity of cefmenoxime was superior to 18 other antibiotics, including cefotiam and cefotaxime tested in this study. Pharmacokinetic studies on tissue distribution in rats, serum levels and urinary excretion in 3 healthy volunteers, and penetration into bronchial secretes of 9 patients with respiratory infections, revealed that cefmenoxime has a higher penetration into the lung and bronchial secretes compared with cefotiam and cefotaxime. In 1 patient with chronic bronchiolitis, the concentration of cefmenoxime in the intra-bronchial secrete reached 12.5 micrograms/ml. From these results, it is concluded that cefmenoxime is a highly potent and useful antibiotic, and may be more effective in the treatment of respiratory infections than many other cephalosporins, including cefazolin, cefotiam and cefotaxime.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Community-acquired pneumonia in Ugandan adults: short-term parenteral ampicillin therapy for bacterial pneumonia.

A hospital-based prospective study of 99 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was carried out in Kampala, Uganda. We evaluated microbiological etiologies, clinical features and effectiveness of short-term parenteral ampicillin followed by oral amoxicillin for these patients in relation to HIV-status. We demonstrated a very high prevalence (75%) of HIV-1 infection. No significant difference was observed with respect to age, gender, prior antibiotic usage, symptoms, laboratory data or bacterial etiology between HIV-1-infected and HIV-uninfected CAP patients. Most strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 19) and Haemophilus influenzae (n = 8) isolated from HIV-1-infected patients were penicillin-resistant (95%) and beta-lactamase producing (75%) strains, respectively. A high percentage of good clinical response was found in both HIV-1-infected (81%) and HIV-uninfected (86%) among 39 patients with CAP due to a defined bacterial pathogen. These data support the use of short-term parenteral ampicillin for patients with bacterial CAP irrespective of HIV-status.

Administration, Oral↗