A 66-year-old Japanese woman whose cystic duct drained into an aberrant bile duct was found to have an intersegmental connection bridging the right anterior and posterior ducts. The patient had cholelithiasis but no history of hepatic trauma, lending support to congenital etiology for the intersegmental duct. In the presence of aberrant bile ducts, a meticulous search may reveal such biliary communications.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Light microscopic radioautographic study of the localization of an anti-allergic agent, Tranilast, in rat mast cells.

In order to demonstrate the localization of an anti-allergic agent, Tranilast, in the mast cells, light microscopic radioautography was performed. The mast cells collected from rat peritoneal cavity were incubated for 0 to 60 min in a medium containing 3H-Tranilast. After the incubation, they were fixed, embedded and processed for light microscopic radioautography. The radioautographic silver grains were frequently localized around and over the cytoplasmic granules and their number increased according to the prolongation of incubation time. From the results obtained at present it was demonstrated that Tranilast was rapidly taken into the cytoplasm of mast cells. This phenomenon may suggest an important role of this agent in the inhibition of allergic reactions of mast cells.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of proliferative activity of glandular cells in hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland using flow cytometric and immunohistochemical methods.

The proliferative activity of epithelial cells in hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands was estimated by flow cytometric and immunohistochemical procedures. A total of 30 parathyroid glands, 29 hyperfunctioning glands, and 1 normal gland were studied. The pathology of the 29 glands was determined to be hyperplasia in 19 and adenoma in 10. The S-phase cell population was expressed in terms of the S-phase fraction (%SPF) calculated from the histogram by DNA flow cytometry and in terms of the BrdU immunostaining labeling index (BrdU LI). Cells in all stages of the cell cycle were studied by Ki-67 immunostaining and expressed in terms of the labeling index (Ki-67 LI). Both BrdU LI and Ki-67 LI values were low, ranging from 0% to 0.58% and from 0.21% to 2.62%, respectively. The BrdU LIs were lower than the Ki-67 LIs, ranging from one-sixth to one-twelfth of the values depending on the disease. There were significant correlations between the two indices (p < 0.001). The %SPF determined by flow cytometry was consistently higher than both the BrdU LI and the Ki-67 LI. This discrepancy cannot be explained precisely, and further improvements are required for the flow cytometric analysis of %SPF. The cell cycle study by BrdU and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry suggested that the glandular cells of the hyperfunctioning parathyroid were characterized by low proliferative activity. No evidence of rapid cell turnover rate assumed from the flow cytometric study could be observed in the hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland.

Adenoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

High performance liquid chromatographic determination of trimethoprim residues in egg yolk and albumen in a feeding experiment.

In a feeding experiment, the residues of trimethoprim (TMP) in egg yolk and albumen were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Laying hens were divided into four groups. The first group was designated as control and fed with TMP free diet during the experimental period. The second, third and fourth groups were administered with the feeds containing 4 p.p.m., 16 p.p.m. and 56 p.p.m. TMP, respectively, for 19 days and, thereafter, fed with TMP free diet. TMP was mainly found in yolk in all the three administered levels. In the medication period, the average concentration of TMP in the yolk of the second, third and fourth groups was 0.05, 0.25, and 0.90 p.p.m., respectively. After withdrawal of medication, the residues of TMP in yolk in the second, third and fourth groups decreased below the detection limit at 0.02 p.p.m. on days 4, 9, and 11, respectively.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electroencephalogram and evoked potentials in the primate model of viral encephalitis.

Squirrel monkeys with induced canine distemper virus (CDV) encephalitis showed characteristic clinical signs such as seizures or myoclonus, with EEGs showing periodic synchronized discharge (PSD). Histopathologically, there was gliosis and neuronal degeneration diffusely distributed in both the gray and white matters in the subacute phase, the lesions resembling those found in childhood acute viral encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). The auditory brain-stem response (ABR) changes were remarkable in the subacute phase, and the recovery of latency was correlated with survival. The visual evoked potential (VEP) abnormalities disappeared in the acute phase and appeared again with delayed latency in the subacute stage. One monkey which did not show clinical signs but had the pathological changes showed the VEP abnormality. These data suggest that the evoked potentials are helpful in judging the prognosis, and that this model is useful for the analysis of the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hexagonal structures at lens capsule zonular attachments.

Two years after uneventful phacoemulsification with posterior intraocular lens implant in an 84-year-old female patient, the capsular bag and enclosed intraocular lens luxated into the vitreous cavity. A vitrectomy was done to extract the lens and capsule for electron-microscopic examination. We found very few zonular attachments to the capsule, but did note hexagonal structures of unknown significance that our study indicates may be related to the lens epithelium.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A child case of CD34+, CD33-, HLA-DR-, CD7+, CD56+ stem cell leukemia with thymic involvement.

It has been reported that the CD56+/CD7+/CD3- phenotype of natural killer (NK) cells develop from the CD34+/HLA-DR- bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cell population in long-term BM culture (LTBMC). An HLA-DR-/CD33+/CD56+/CD16- myeloid/natural killer cell acute leukemia has been described. We report here a 7-year-old boy who developed stem cell acute leukemia with superior vena cava syndrome secondary to thymic involvement. Surface marker analyses revealed that the leukemia cells showed CD34+/HLA-DR-/CD33-/CD7+/CD56+ phenotype. When stimulated with phorbol ester in vitro the leukemic cells morphologically differentiated to myeloid cells developing CD13, CD15 and CD56 antigens. Our results suggest that CD34+/HLA-DR-/CD7+/CD56+ stem cell leukemia may arise from transformation of a pluripotent precursor cell, which could differentiate to both myeloid and NK cell lineages.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A case of akathisia during interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis type C.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Akathisia, Drug-Induced↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The disclosure of information to cancer patients and its relationship to their mental state in a consultation-liaison psychiatry setting in Japan.

In Japan, as in some other countries, not all cancer patients are informed of their diagnosis and expected prognosis. However, we do not know enough about the relationship between the kind of information given to cancer patients and their mental state. The following is a study that examines this relationship. The subjects were 81 adult cancer inpatients referred to psychiatrists. Those with mental disorders before admission or with delirium were excluded. The subjects were classified into three groups according to the kind of information given to them: 28 were not informed of a diagnosis of cancer, 36 were informed of a diagnosis of cancer, and 17 were informed of both a diagnosis of cancer and a poor prognosis. The distributions of DSM-IV Axis I diagnoses were nearly equal among the three groups of patients. In each group, more than 90% of patients were diagnosed as having either major depressive disorder or adjustment disorders. In the results of HAM-D, HAM-A, and a question about irritability, the mean total HAM-A scores and mean scores for the factors of Suicide, Behavior at Interview, and Irritability, differed significantly among the three groups. They were highest in patients who were not informed of a diagnosis of cancer. The authors discuss the nature of relationship between the disclosure of information and the mental state in cancer patients.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in disclosure of information to cancer patients in a general hospital in Japan.

The disclosure of information to cancer patients is one of the most important issues in oncological practice. In Japan, as in some other countries, few cancer patients were ever given a truthful statement of their diagnosis. However, today more and more patients are being informed of their diagnosis and prognosis. This study investigates the nature of these changes in disclosure policy and suggests possible explanations. We reviewed the medical and nursing charts of 122 adult cancer patients admitted to our hospital in 1993 and 137 admitted in 1998. We examined the information they had been given, and their sociodemographic and medical characteristics. The diagnosis of cancer was shared with 27% of patients in 1993. In 1998, however, 71% were informed of their cancer, and 10% were also told they had a poor prognosis. The rate of disclosure was lower for older patients and those with advanced cancer in both 1993 and 1998. In 1998 the rate was higher in patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or surgery. The higher level of disclosure in 1998 was due basically to the growing importance of informed consent. Psychiatric referrals increased from 2% in 1993 to 10% in 1998. Psychiatrists may have contributed to these changes in the disclosure of information.

Adult↗