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Biomedical subjects

T Murry

Publications and source records attributed to T Murry.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of botulinum toxin therapy in patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia: acoustic, aerodynamic, and videoendoscopic findings.

Botulinum toxin has been previously reported to be successful in the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia. To objectively document results, 11 patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia who received unilateral treatment of the thyroarytenoid muscle were studied. Acoustic analyses and airflow rates during sustained phonation and flexible videoendoscopy were performed prior to, 1 week and 1 month after injection. 1. Acoustic parameters demonstrated significant voice improvement, although abnormal characteristics remained. 2. Mean airflow rates were increased 1 week after injection with almost normal values 1 month later. 3. Videolaryngoscopy showed an effective reduction of intrinsic laryngeal muscle hyperfunction with less effect on extrinsic muscle activity. Interrelations between videolaryngoscopic rating scores, acoustic results and aerodynamic results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Phonatory function of neurologically impaired patients.

Previous studies investigated the use of acoustic perturbation measures as a screening tool for neuropathologies with conflicting results. In the present study, five parameters of phonatory function (jitter, shimmer, signal-to-noise ratio, fundamental frequency, and standard deviation of fundamental frequency) were obtained from samples of sustained phonation in three neuropathological groups (Parkinson, Huntington, cerebellar ataxia) and a normal control group to assess the use of acoustic measures in differential diagnosis. In addition, perceptual judgements of the severity of dysphonia for each patient were obtained. The results indicated that perturbation measures of the neuropathological groups showed a higher degree of variability compared to normals. From the five parameters studied, only the standard deviation of fundamental frequency differentiated among neuropathological subgroups. The acoustic parameters studied did not clearly reflect the perceived dysphonia for all subgroups.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Acoustic characteristics of speech following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.

Selective uvulopalatopharyngoplasty has resulted in the improved management of sleep apnea; however, the effect of the surgery on speech has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, the speaking fundamental frequency, reading rate, and first and second formants of the vowels of four patients were measured acoustically presurgically and postsurgically. The results indicate that the length of time needed to read a passage was reduced in all four patients 2 weeks following surgery compared to the presurgical duration. In addition, the second formant of nine vowels studied was lower postsurgically. No changes in speaking fundamental frequency were found in three of the four patients; in the fourth, the speaking fundamental frequency was lower by approximately one semitone. Based on the reduced reading rates from the presurgical to the postsurgical conditions, changes in respiratory parameters in addition to vocal tract parameters warrant assessment when evaluating the speech of individuals prior to and following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Aerodynamic relationships associated with normal phonation and paralytic dysphonia.

Physiological differences between normal speakers and those with unilateral vocal cord paralysis are presented. Pressure readings taken intraorally and subglotically are compared during phonation of consonants requiring laryngeal closure and those not requiring cord approximation. From our studies, it is apparent that: (1) a significant difference in air pressure patterns exists between normal speakers and those with vocal cord paralysis, (2) the respiratory apparatus tends to alter normally constant airflow in cases of vocal fold paralysis and (3) either voice therapy or teflon cord injection will significantly alter the aerodynamic relationships from the untreated paralyzed state.

Air↗
PubMed1978

Multidimensional classification of normal voice qualities.

This study investigates and acoustically defines some of the perceptual parameters used to distinguish among normal male and female voices. Twenty normal speaking subjects, ten male and ten female, produced speech segments which were paired, randomized, and presented to ten listener judges. The judges rated the similarity of all combinations of voices on a seven-point scale, and these similarities were analyzed by a multidimensional analysis technique, INDSCAL. For each speaker, eight acoustical measures were obtained, and psychophysical ratings of four commonly used descriptive terms were made by ten speech pathologists. These measurements and ratings provided the interpretation of the INDSCAL solution and were also submitted to correlational analyses. The results indicate that, when distinguishing among the voices, the judges gave the greatest weight to the male versus female dimension and its acoustical correlates. The results of both the INDSCAL analysis and the correlational analyses suggest that listeners may use different perceptual strategies to classify male voices than they use to classify females ones.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1975

Biophysical requirements for new and projected procedures and devices for voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.

This paper reviews the state of the art knowledge of laryngeal physiology and evaluates the parameters necessary for voice production following laryngeal surgery for cancer. Data from normal voice production as well as esophageal speech production are used to generate some relationships that must exist in order to produce sound. Included are the relationships between esophageal pressure, subglottal pressure and intraoral pressure, the mechanical constraints of a pseudolarynx, muscle activity during normal and esophageal speech and the role of the tongue, lips, and palate in esophageal speech. Consideration is given to early and current reed-fistula and air bypass surgical procedures. Alternatives to current experimental and commonly used rehabilitation procedures will also be considered. The limiting factors for use of such devices and some requirements for their operation will be considered. Consideration will also be given to the manner in which various kinds of speech can be compared for acceptability and intelligibility.

Air Pressure↗