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Biomedical subjects

T Murase

Publications and source records attributed to T Murase.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Histological study of urinary bladder tumor: DNA of rat urinary bladder tumor caused by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine and that of human bladder tumor].

Male Fisher rats were treated with 0.5% BBN, and the appearance of cancer in the rat's bladder was observed successively. The quantities of DNA in the normal and tumorous tissues were compared with those in the bladder cancer excised from man; and, the bladder cancer produced in the rat and that occurring in man were compared. 96 rats were divided into 4 groups, and given 8, 16, 24 or 32 weeks of treatment with BBN. Papillomas appeared after administration for 8 weeks, and with subsequent increase in the period of administration the rate of canceration increased. The cancerous tissue proliferated papillarily , the malignancy was grade 1 to 2, no case showed infiltration into the muscle layer, and the quantity of DNA scarcely changed with time, always showing a peak near 2c. In the papillary type of bladder cancer in man, the quantity of DNA showed little change at any stage, and little tendency of infiltration; and, the growth pattern was similar to that of the BBN-induced cancer in rats. On the other hand, non-papillary cancer in man showed a flat histogram of DNA, had a strong tendency of infiltration, and showed a growth pattern different from that of the BBN-induced cancer in rats, thus the BBN-induced cancer in the rat cannot be used as a model of non-papillary infiltrative cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Plasma apolipoprotein E levels in hypertriglyceridemia.

A specific, precise and sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassay for the measurement of human apolipoprotein E (apo E) was developed. Antibody specific to apo E was raised in a rabbit. This antibody did not crossreact with plasma low density lipoproteins (d = 1.030-1.063) and apo-proteins such as pao CII, CIII, AI and AII. Mean plasma level with SD of apo E in 29 normalipidemic subjects was 9.5 +/- 1.8 mg/100 ml. Plasma apo E concentrations in 25 hypertriglyceridemic patients with plasma triglyceride concentrations ranging from 169 to 1190/mg/100 ml correlated positively with plasma triglyceride concentrations (r = 0.84, p less than 0.001). Among subjects with hypertriglyceridemia, there was a negative correlation between the apo E per mg triglyceride ratio and plasma triglyceride concentrations (r = 0.49, p less than 0.02). Plasma apo E levels did not show any correlation with plasma cholesterol concentrations. These results indicate that plasma apo E is closely associated with plasma triglyceride levels, which suggests a possible connection of this apoprotein with the metabolism of plasma triglyceride.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Triacylglycerol lipases in adrenals and testes of rats.

Triacylglycerol lipase activities in adrenals and testes of rats were measured and the properties of the enzymes were characterized. The enzymes were extracted from acetone-ether dried powder of the tissues and the crude extracts were applied to a heparin-Sepharose affinity column. The enzymes bound to the column were then eluted at different ionic strengths. Two lipases could be detected in rat adrenals: one was inactivated by the antiserum raised against hepatic triacylglycerol lipase and the other had the properties of lipoprotein lipase. In testes, only lipoprotein lipase could be detected. The results are discussed in connection with the possible functions of these two lipases in organs utilizing lipoprotein-cholesterol for steroid hormone synthesis.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1982

Lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Lipoprotein lipase activity of epididymal adipose tissue was measured in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats of 3, 10 and 34 days duration were examined. The enzyme activity in adipose tissue of diabetic rats was similar to that of control rats of the same ages, compared on the tissue weight basis. However, since adipose tissue weight was markedly reduced in rats with both acute and chronic diabetes, total enzyme activity in the whole tissue was very low in such animals regardless of the duration of diabetes. We wish to point out that contradictory results on the adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity in diabetic rats in the previous reports have arisen depending on differences in the methods chosen to express enzyme activity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Increase of postheparin plasma-lipoprotein-lipase activity in ventromedial-hypothalamic obesity in rats.

Postheparin plasma-lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (H-TGL) were investigated in rats 1 week after ventromedial-hypothalamic lesions. The enzyme activities were measured using radio-labelled triolein as a substrate. Two lipases were measured separately using specific antiserum prepared against H-TGL. VMH-lesioned rats fed ad lib. showed an increase in plasma LPL with normal H-TGL activity and an elevation of plasma insulin. There was a positive correlation between plasma-LPL activity and insulin levels in VMH-lesioned rats. When rats were examined after overnight fast, VMH-lesioned rats again showed an increase in plasma LPL with normal H-TGL activity and an elevation of plasma insulin. There was also a positive correlation between plasma LPL activity and insulin levels. In order to examine the effect of insulin, rats were treated with daily doses of 3 units of insulin for 1 week. Rats fed ad lib. were insulin treatment showed an increase in plasma LPL with normal H-TGL activity. These results indicate that hyperinsulinemia which was produced by VMH lesions may increase postheparin plasma-LPL activity. We speculate that this increase in plasma-LPL activity mainly reflects that of adipose tissue. The increase of LPL activity can accelerate fat deposition into adipose tissue, contributing to one of the factors causing hypothalamic obesity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Familial plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency. A new family with partial LCAT activity.

A 43-year-old woman and her 47-year-old brother were studied because of corneal opacity. They showed a marked decrease in plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) and a decrease in the ester ratio of plasma total cholesterol. Discoidal particles were found in the HDL2 fraction (d 1.063-1.125). A marked heterogeneity of low density lipoproteins was disclosed in both patients by electron microscopy. Apoprotein analysis revealed an increase in apo E and a decrease in apo A-I and A-II in both patients. These abnormalities were similar to the data reported in other cases with hereditary lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency. However, several interesting dissimilarities have been disclosed as compared with the previously reported cases. Neither patient had proteinuria, and their kidney functions were within the normal limits. The ester ratios of plasma cholesterol of both patients were the highest among the cases reported thus far. Their plasma LCAT activities were 14.4 and 15% of the normal mean values determined by Glomset-Wright's common-substrate method. The enzyme activities determined by Stokke-Norum's self-substrate method were 40.2 and 29% respectively. These results may indicate that this inherited disorder is not characterized by absence of plasma LCAT or presence of inhibitory factors in plasma, but by the presence of partially inactive LCAT in patients' plasma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ascites chylomicron: a poor substrate for hepatic triglyceride lipase.

A patient with nephrotic syndrome and morbus Kimura (eosinophilic granuloma) showed chylous ascites. Ascites chylomicrons were analyzed and used to study the substrate specificity of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase. Ascites triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were 191 and 12 mg/dl, respectively. Both apo CII and apo CIII content in ascites were approximately one-third of those of plasma from normal subjects. Ascites chylomicrons were incubated with either lipoprotein lipase or hepatic triglyceride lipase, which were prepared from postheparin plasma using heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Lipoprotein lipase hydrolyzed ascites chylomicrons, while hepatic triglyceride lipase did not. These results suggest different functions of these two lipases in chylomicron catabolism.

Ascites↗
PubMed1981

Accumulation of intermediate density lipoprotein in plasma after intravenous administration of hepatic triglyceride lipase antibody in rats.

In an attempt to define the role of hepatic triglyceride lipase in plasma lipoprotein metabolism, in vivo experiments using an antibody specifically prepared against this enzyme were conducted in rats. The antibody gamma globulins were injected into rats three times during a 40 min period. Control rats received non-immune rabbit gamma globulins prepared in the same way as the immune gamma globulins. After treatment, blood was taken and the plasma was separated. Plasma lipoproteins were fractionated by ultracentrifugation into VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL. Treatment of recipient rats with the antibody significantly increased cholesterol, phospholipid and protein concentrations in the IDL fraction. These concentrations were also elevated in the LDL fraction. However, we speculate that this increase represents the accumulation of small remnants rather than bona fide LDL. VLDL compositions in antibody-treated rats did not differ from those in control animals. In HDL, only the phospholipid level was elevated in antibody-treated rats. The data of the present study indicate that hepatic triglyceride lipase mediates the catabolism of remnant lipoproteins by the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Prevention of ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis by continuous bladder irrigation.

To prevent hemorrhagic cystitis induced by ifosfamide, continuous bladder irrigation with 3,000 ml. of saline per day was performed in 8 patients. Ifosfamide was given by an intravenous infusion one to two hours at a dose of either 1,600 to 1,950 mg./m2 daily for three days, or 1,430 to 1,480 mg./m2 daily for five days. Gross hematuria was induced in none and microscopic hematuria in one during 24 courses of treatment. There was no complication associated with catheter placement, other than urethral discomfort in 1 patient. Thus this appears to be a useful and effective method.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Carcinoma of the bladder: a clinical and pathological analysis of 87 autopsy cases.

A clinical and pathological analysis was done on 87 autopsy cases of carcinoma of the bladder. Of the 87 cases 68 were men and 19 were women, with a mean age of 64 years. The average survival time was 39 months from the onset of symptoms to death. The patients with multiple tumors had a longer average survival time than the patients with single tumors (51 compared to 40 months), and the average survival times were definitely more favorable for men than for women (43 compared to 23 months). Histological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma in 77 patients, squamous cell carcinoma in 4, vesical adenocarcinoma in 3 and urachal adenocarcinoma in 3. Squamous cell carcinoma and vesical adenocarcinoma seemed to be more malignant neoplasms. Metastasis was noted in 58 of 87 cases (66.7 per cent) and occurred most frequently in lymph nodes (37.9 per cent), liver (29.9 per cent), lungs (29.9 per cent) and bones (24.1 per cent). Of the 87 cases of bladder carcinoma 11 had primary carcinoma in organs other than the bladder.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Reciprocal changes, caused by insulin and glucagon, of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase in rats in vitro.

Effects of insulin and glucagon on lipoprotein lipase activity in rat adipose tissue were studied in vitro. Adipose tissue from normal or streptozotocin-diabetic rats was incubated in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer for 60 min at 38 degrees C in the presence of heparin and lipoprotein lipase released from the tissue into the incubation medium was measured. Diabetic rats showed markedly low activities of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase. Insulin (500 microU/ml) increased lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue from diabetic rats. Glucagon (500 pg/ml), on the other hand, decreased the enzyme activity in normal rat adipose tissue. The results indicate that insulin and glucagon cause reciprocal changes of lipoprotein lipase activity in rat adipose tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗