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T Murai

Publications and source records attributed to T Murai.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Two cases reports of extramammary Paget's disease with adenocarcinoma].

Two patients who suffered from extramammary Paget's disease with adenocarcinoma were treated with combination chemotherapy. Both patients who complained of scrotal induration were the Paget's cells with undifferentiated adenocarcinoma in pathology. We tried CAP (cyclophosphamide, pirarubicin, cisplatin) therapy on case 1, and MEC (methotrexate, etoposide, cisplatin) therapy on case 2. The primary lesion was reduced and the metastatic lesion, showed regression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Toxic shock like syndrome due to S. pyogenes (TSLS)].

Resurgence of severe infection, caused by Streptococcus pyogenes was observed in the USA from the middle of the 1980s. Toxic Shock like Syndrome due to Streptococcus pyogenes (TSLS) has been one of the most life-threatening diseases with soft tissue infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis, myositis, bacteremia and shock. Patients with TSLS has been reported in Europe, USA, Canada, etc. The first report of TSLS in Japan was described by Y. Shimizu and his colleague, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba, 1992. Since then more cases of TSLS, diagnosed by CDC's Criteria, have been found in various parts of Japan, including Chiba prefecture. They are characterised by rapid development of shock and death. Some of the isolated strains from blood or tissues have been identified as S. pyogenes, M3, M1 with SPEA (Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A).

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Induction of renal pelvic carcinoma by phenacetin in hydronephrosis-bearing rats of the SD/cShi strain.

Carcinogenicity of phenacetin (PH) to the urinary tract was tested with the use of spontaneously hydronephrosis-bearing rats. In Experiment 1, 55 SD/cShi male rats were fed with 2% PH-containing diet for 85 weeks, and 32 SD/cShi male rats fed basal diet for 85 weeks served as controls. Forty-three of 53 rats fed with PH had renal pelvic carcinoma with lung metastases in three. The mean induction time was 78 weeks. Ureteral carcinoma and urinary bladder carcinoma were observed in 2 and 6 of 53 rats given PH, respectively. No urinary tract carcinoma was found in control animals. In Experiment 2, early lesions of the kidney affected by PH were also evaluated with the use of SD/cShi and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Two groups of animals containing 6 SD/cShi or 6 SD male rats per group were fed 2% PH-containing diet for 8 weeks. Control animals containing 6 SD/cShi rats or 6 SD rats were fed basal diet for 8 weeks. Simple hyperplasia was found in 5 of 6 SD/cShi rats given PH and 2 of 6 SD/cShi control rats. Papillary necrosis was seen in 4 of 6 SD/cShi and 2 of 6 SD rats given PH. SD/cShi rats, especially those treated with PH, showed higher but not significant 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling indices in the covering epithelium of the renal pelvis and papillae. In this short term experiment PH and its metabolites, N-hydroxyphenacetin and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, were measured in urine and plasma by using high performance liquid chromatography. Significantly higher PH and slightly higher metabolites were detected in urine and plasma of SD/cShi rats compared to SD rats. These results indicated that the renal pelvis of SD/cShi rats had more sensitivity to PH carcinogenicity. This paper provides experimental proof of PH carcinogenicity toward the renal pelvis in an animal model.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Renal lesions induced in F344/DuCrj rats by 4-weeks oral administration of dimethylarsinic acid.

The nephrotoxicity of dimethylarsinic acid (cacodylic acid, DMA) was examined in male and female F344/DuCrj rats. DMA administered perorally at doses of 113, 85, and 57 mg/kg for 4 weeks produced dose-related decreases in body weight and survival rate in both sexes. Mortality was higher and appeared more quickly in females than in males. Histopathological findings in the kidney were proximal tubular degeneration and necrosis, as well as papillary necrosis, and hyperplasia of the epithelium covering the papillae. Since extensive proximal tubular necrosis was observed only in dead animals of both sexes, and not in survivors or the controls, it was therefore concluded that the main cause of death could be attributed to nephrotoxicity of DMA. The results thus show that DMA is nephrotoxic to both male and female rats.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Effects of midazolam and flunitrazepam on the release of dopamine from rat striatum measured by in vivo microdialysis.

We have studied the effects of midazolam and flunitrazepam on extracellular concentrations of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in rat striatum in freely moving animals using in vivo microdialysis. I.v. injections of midazolam 0.075 and 0.15 mg kg-1 decreased striatal dopamine concentrations in a dose-dependent manner without affecting the concentrations of DOPAC and HVA. Flunitrazepam 0.015 and 0.03 mg kg-1 also decreased striatal dopamine concentrations in a dose-related manner, but the reductions in DOPAC and HVA were not significant. Flumazenil 6 micrograms kg-1 alone did not affect striatal concentrations of dopamine, DOPAC and HVA, but it prevented the effects of midazolam and flunitrazepam. Flunitrazepam 10 mumol litre-1 also decreased striatal dopamine release when infused through a dialysis probe placed into the striatum, but it failed to affect striatal dopamine release when infused into the ipsilateral substantia nigra. Central administrations of midazolam were effective only when the drug was infused into both sites simultaneously (10 and 100 mumol litre-1) or given by intraventricular injection (0.5 and 1 micrograms). These results suggest that midazolam and flunitrazepam affect striatal dopamine release in a different manner.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1993

Severity of promotion by sodium salts of succinic acid in rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis correlates with sodium ion concentration under conditions of equal urinary pH.

Elevation of urinary pH and Na ion concentration induced by feeding high doses of sodium salts plays a crucial role in promotion of urinary bladder carcinogenesis in male rats initially treated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN). In the present study, urinary bladder carcinogenesis in male F344 rats was promoted by feeding the mono- and di-sodium salts of succinic acid, and the activity was enhanced by varying urinary sodium ion concentration under conditions of equally high pH. In Experiment 1, the rats were given 0.05% BBN in their drinking water for 4 weeks and then fed basal diet containing 5% succinic acid, 5% sodium succinate (Na-Suc) or 5% di-sodium succinate (2Na-Suc) for 32 weeks. The development of carcinomas in the urinary bladder was enhanced by treatment with Na-Suc and with 2Na-Suc. 2Na-Suc induced larger urinary bladder tumors than the Na-Suc. In Experiment 2, 5% Na-Suc and/or 5% 2Na-Suc were fed to the rats for 8 weeks without prior BBN treatment. Induction of simple hyperplasia as observed by light microscopy, was greater in rats fed 2Na-Suc than Na-Suc. Increased 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling index and alterations of the urothelial surface observed by scanning electron microscopy of the urinary bladder were similarly greater in rats fed 2Na-Suc compared to Na-Suc. In addition, there was a tendency toward increased spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity in the urinary bladder epithelium of rats fed 5% 2Na-Suc. The results of Experiment 2 corresponded to differences in promoting activity for the different chemicals in Experiment 1. Thus, tumor growth was associated with sodium ion concentration level under conditions of equal increase of urinary pH.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Trend of isolation and serotypes of group B streptococci in Korea.

Group B streptococci (GBS) neonatal infection, a prevalent disease in western countries, is considered rare in Korea. GBS neonatal infection is known to be often due to serotype III organisms, but the serotypes in Korea have not been reported. In this study, GBS were frequently isolated from specimens of genitalia, urine and various pus. Among the 186 isolates 14 (7.5%) were from neonates, two with concomitant bacteremia and meningitis and one with pneumonia. Frequently isolated GBS serotypes were Ib (9.2%), Ib/c (26.6%) and III/R (23.9%). Change of frequently isolated serotypes during the study was noted, but JM9 which became increasingly isolated in Japan was not found. It is concluded that less prevalence of severe neonatal GBS infection in Korea is not due to the absence of serotype III, but possibly due to low genital carriage rate of GBS by pregnant women.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium receiving methotrexate, etoposide and cisplatinum combination chemotherapy].

We determined the effective method of administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium receiving methotrexate, etoposide and cisplatinum (MEC) therapy. Recombinant human G-CSF was administered at 2 micrograms/kg subcutaneously starting after the white blood cell count was less than 3,000/mm3 (short administration) or starting immediately after finishing MEC therapy (prophylactic administration). The median white blood cell nadir for the control group, short administration group and prophylactic administration group, was 275 +/- 77, 250 +/- 317 and 2,066 +/- 47/mm3, respectively. The number of days with a white blood count of less than 1,000/mm3 for the control group, short administration group and prophylactic administration group was 6.6 +/- 0.6, 4 +/- 2 and 0.9 +/- 0.5 days, respectively. The difference between the control group and prophylactic administration group was statistically significant (p < 0.01). These findings indicated that the prophylactic administration of rhG-CSF following MEC therapy was effective for preventing leukopenia. Other side effects of stomatitis, diarrhea and pneumonia were also decreased using rhG-CSF after MEC therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hemodynamic and hormonal correlates with exposure to lower body negative pressure after 12 hours head-down tilt.

Hemodynamic and hormonal responses to lower body negative pressure (LBNP) after 12-h head-down tilt (HDT) were examined to investigate the mechanism of orthostatic intolerance following spaceflight. Ten young healthy male volunteers participated in the experiment. After 6 degrees HDT for 12 h, the tolerance to 1 h continuous -30 mm Hg LBNP was tested. Variables were measured before and after HDT, during LBNP, and 1 and 10 min after LBNP. Significant reduction in leg volume and plasma volume were observed at the end of 12-h HDT (500 ml and 5.5%, respectively). In the tolerant group, stroke volume index (SI) was decreased by 35% after 15 min LBNP, and carotid arterial blood flow (CBF), by 27% at the end of LBNP compared to the pre-LBNP value. Of the 10 subjects, 5 developed presyncope during LBNP; they exhibited remarkable reduction in SI, CBF, and heart rate, and increased secretion of ADH and adrenaline during or just prior to presyncope. This non-tolerant group tended to be hemo-concentrated from the start of the experiment. However, it will require a prospective study to determine if this variable is a reliable predictor of the outcome of the post-HDT LBNP test from data collected at the end of HDT.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1992

P2 purinergic receptors and cellular calcium metabolism in A 431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells.

Stimulation of P2 purinergic receptors on A 431 human epidermoid cells with ATP rapidly mobilized intracellular calcium and increased cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). Incorporation of 45Ca2+ was also stimulated by ATP at a rate less than that of [Ca2+]i elevation. Among a number of nucleosides, nucleotides, and their analogues examined, ATP, GTP, UTP, ADP, UDP, adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATP gamma S), and 5'-adenylylimidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP) increased both [Ca2+]i and 45Ca2+ influx, whereas others did not; these latter two analogues (ATP gamma S and AMP-PNP) blocked the ATP-stimulated 45Ca2+ influx only very slightly, suggesting that they are not prominent antagonists but rather agonists. A high correlation between [Ca2+]i increase and 45Ca2+ influx, in terms of nucleotide specificity, suggests the involvement of [Ca2+]i in influx of 45Ca2+. It appeared that [Ca2+]i elevated by several nucleotides or nucleotide analogues opened a calcium gate, thus allowing the influx of 45Ca2+. P2 purinergic receptors on these cells had such a characteristic that they were rapidly desensitized. These nucleotides or analogues also affected epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors by inhibiting the EGF binding. The differences of ligand or substrate specificities between P2 purinergic receptors and ecto-nucleotidases indicates that the two components are different molecules involved in different systems.

Calcium↗
PubMed1992

A case of homicidal choking mistaken for suicide.

This report presents an autopsy case of the homicidal choking of an adult, who died as a result of tissue paper being thrust into his mouth. An in-patient (a 29-year-old Japanese man) at a mental hospital was choked to death by another male in-patient, his roommate, who thrust a large amount of tissue paper into his mouth after rendering him slightly unconscious by cervical compression. At the time of discovery, this mental patient was believed to have committed suicide by inserting tissue paper into his own mouth. Autopsy findings and re-investigation of the case revealed that the subject had been murdered. This is a very rare case of choking used as a method of homicide.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Conjugated 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid in the urine of newborns and pregnant women measured by radioimmunoassay using antisera raised against N-(1 beta-hydroxycholyl)-2-aminopropionic acid-bovine serum albumin conjugate.

Anti-tauro 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid antisera were prepared by immunizing rabbits with N-(1 beta,3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oyl)-2- aminopropionic acid-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate. The antisera raised had high affinity (1.25-1.46 x 10(9) M-1) and specificity for conjugated 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid; cross-reactivity for glyco 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid was 100% and that for the glycine and taurine conjugates of other 1 beta-hydroxylated bile acids ranged from 11.30 to 0.23%. Urinary concentrations of conjugated 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid were determined by radioimmunoassay in newborns, 0-20 d after birth, in amounts ranging from 0.29 to 18.51 micrograms/ml and in women in late pregnancy (less than 1.13 micrograms/ml), as well as in normal women (less than 0.12 microgram/ml).

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Measurement of conjugated 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid in urine of newborns by specific radioimmunoassay.

Anti-tauro 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid antisera were prepared by immunizing rabbits with N-(1 beta,3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oyl)glycine bovine serum albumin conjugate. The immunoglobulin G fraction was obtained by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by diethylaminoethyl cellulose column chromatography. The antibody was characterized using [2-3H]tauro 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid which has a high affinity (Ka = 1.09 x 10(9) M-1) and reasonable specificity. Cross-reactivity for glyco 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid was 100% and those for other 1 beta-hydroxylated bile acids ranged from 4.32 to 29.6%. Concentrations of conjugated 1 beta-hydroxycholic acid in urine of newborns at 0-20 d after birth were determined by radioimmunoassay to be significant (0.2-11.1 micrograms/ml), exhibiting a tendency to increase during the 20 d after birth.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A partial characterization of a Sertoli cell-secreted protein stimulating Leydig cell testosterone production.

To examine whether immature rat Sertoli cells in culture secrete a factor(s) which stimulates testosterone production by mature mouse Leydig cells, Sertoli cell-enriched cultures were prepared from 3-week-old male rats with trypsin and collagenase. Sertoli cells were plated at an initial density of 3-5 x 10(6) cells/35 mm well and cultured in 3 ml serum free media supplemented with insulin (10 micrograms/ml). Sertoli cell culture medium (SCCM) collected every 3rd day was added to Leydig cells (10(6) cells in 1 ml of MEM with 2% steroid-free FCS) prepared from 10-week-old mice by mechanical separation and incubated for 3 h at 34 degrees C. Secreted testosterone was determined by RIA. SCCM 15 times concentrated by Amicon YM10 membrane demonstrated a dose-dependent stimulation of testosterone production, whereas there was no effect on testosterone secretion when Leydig cells were maximally stimulated by LH. Leydig cell stimulating activity was retained by both a dialysis membrane with a pore size of 24 A and an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 10 kDa. However, activity was reduced by heating at 60 degrees C for 30 min and almost lost after incubation with 0.1% trypsin for 1 h at 37 degrees C. This activity was not retained by means of a Con A-Agarose column and was demonstrated only in break-through fractions. HPLC gel filtration of a 15 times concentrated SCCM preparation on a TSK gel G3000SW revealed Leydig cell-stimulating activity at approximately 13 kDa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Assessment of prognosis of old myocardial infarction].

In an attempt to predict high risk myocardial infarction, we studied 201 patients with Q wave infarction with dipyridamole-loading thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (D-MPS), left ventriculography, coronary angiography and treadmill exercise testing. The results of these tests were related to the use of initial PTCA or CABG, and the occurrence of cardiac deaths and nonfatal cardiac events during a mean follow-up period of 39 months. Three high risk parameters were identified by D-MPS; partial redistribution, diffuse slow washout, and extensive fixed defects. The patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the numbers of high risk parameters: group A (n = 50), patients with 2 or more high risk parameters; group B (n = 95), patients with one high risk parameter; group C (n = 56), patients without a high risk parameter. The prevalence of 3-, 2-, and one- or insignificant vessel disease was 72, 20 and 8% in group A, 15, 16, and 69% in group B, and 5, 13 and 82% in group C, respectively. Initial PTCA or CABG was performed in 42% of the patients in group A, 5% of the patients in group B, and 2% of the patients in group C. Among medically-treated patients, cardiac deaths occurred in 31% in group A, 4% in group B, and in none in group C. Nonfatal cardiac events occurred in 24, 12, and 4%, respectively. Coronary angiography revealed 3-vessel disease in 53 patients, 2-vessel disease in 32, and one-vessel disease or insignificant lesions in 116 patients. Initial PTCA or CABG was performed in 45% of the patients with 3-vessel disease, 6% of those with 2-vessel disease and 1% of those with one-vessel disease. Among medically-treated patients, cardiac deaths occurred in 31% with 3-vessel disease, 7% with 2-vessel disease, and in 2% with one-vessel disease. Nonfatal cardiac events occurred in 17, 10, and 3%, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Superficial and pedunculated signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report].

A case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is described. A 63-year-old man presenting with difficulty of urination and miction pain had a pedunculated soybean-size tumor on the left lateral wall of the bladder. Specimens of the tumor were obtained by transurethral resection and the pathological diagnosis was signet ring cell carcinoma. There was no evidence of bladder metastasis from other organs. The patient then had intraoperative radiotherapy and he is alive without recurrence 20 months after the operation. We briefly discuss 73 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder collected from the English and Japanese literature. The tumor in this patient was the smallest of all cases reported previously.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗