[Dynamic cardiomyoplasty for chronic heart failure induced by femoral arteriovenous shunt: preliminary report].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
T Mukai
Publications and source records attributed to T Mukai.
Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the healing and recurrence of peptic ulcer: combination therapy with low-dose omeprazole and clarithromycin.
AIM: To investigate the effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori using combination therapy with low-dose omeprazole and clarithromycin on the healing and recurrence of peptide ulcers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 60 patients with active duodenal ulcers and 60 with gastric ulcers who were H. pylori-positive by the rapid urease test and a histological examination of antral biopsy specimens. The eradication method used was a combination of omeprazole (20 mg a day) and clarithromycin (400 mg twice a day). The patients were followed up for 24 months after the end of the treatment. H. pylori infection and the ulcer stage were investigated by endoscopy every 6 months. We assessed the relationship between H. pylori infection, ulcer healing to a white scar and ulcer recurrence after combination therapy. RESULTS: H. pylori was eradicated in 23 out of 120 patients (22%), with suppression in 101 out of 120 patients (84%). The rate of ulcer healing to a white scar 6 months after treatment was significantly higher and the ulcer recurrence rate within 2 years after treatment was significantly lower in patients with H. pylori suppression or eradication than in those continuously positive for the organism. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that not only the eradication but also the suppression of H. pylori may improve ulcer healing and reduce the rate of relapse.
Adult↗
Follow-up observation of a patient with left ventricular thrombus by echocardiography.
We report a case of left ventricular thrombus which caused systemic embolism during warfarin therapy. A 66-year-old man admitted to our hospital with intermittent loss of consciousness and incomplete palsy. The patient had a past history of cerebral infarction, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Electrocardiography showed abnormal Q waves at II, III, and aVF. Echocardiography showed a mobile protruding thrombus at the left ventricular apex. Left ventricular cineangiography showed a filling defect at the left ventricle. Coronary angiography confirmed total occlusion of the right coronary artery and significant stenosis of the left coronary artery. After administration of warfarin, the patient suddenly fell down to the comatose state. His left arm became pale without pulsation. The thrombus in the left ventricle disappeared by echocardiography and systemic embolism was suspected. Thromboembolectomy from his left arm was performed. Two weeks after the day brain computed tomography showed low density area at the posterior lobe of the cerebrum. Although the eyesight of the patient was lost, he could stand and walk with some help two months later. This is a rare case of systemic embolism during warfarin therapy due to left ventricular thrombus whose process was constantly observed by echocardiography.
Aged↗
Increase in oxygen tension after intraperitoneal N-methyl-DL-aspartate in rat cerebral cortex.
An oxygen electrode equipped with a thermocouple enabled us to determine the absolute oxygen tension (PO2) in brain regions by taking account of local changes in temperature. Under urethane anesthesia, the PO2 of rat cerebral cortex was significantly increased up to 90 min after N-methyl-DL-aspartate administration (200 mg/kg, i.p.). This suggests that stimulation of NMDA receptors enhances oxygen supply to the cerebrum in vivo.
Animals↗
Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of residual sulphamonomethoxine, sulphadimethoxine and their N4-acetyl metabolites in foods of animal origin.
A rapid and sensitive method for the determination of residual sulphamonomethoxine, sulphadimethoxine and their N4-acetyl metabolites in beef, pork, chicken and eggs by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed. The extraction of these compounds was performed using a mixture of 90% (v/v) acetonitrile solution and hexane (5:4, v/v) to minimize the fat content followed by purification by alumina column chromatography. These extracts contained sulphonamide analytes which were free from interfering compounds when examined by HPLC using a LiChrosorb RP-18 column. The average recoveries from spiked meat and egg were in excess of 80% with relative standard deviations between 0.4 and 5.0%. The practical limits of detection were 0.01 ppm for all samples.
Animals↗
Maleimidoethyl 3-(tri-n-butylstannyl)hippurate: a useful radioiodination reagent for protein radiopharmaceuticals to enhance target selective radioactivity localization.
In pursuit of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with rapid urinary excretion of radioactivity from nontarget tissues, radioiodinated mAbs releasing a m-iodohippuric acid from the mAbs in nontarget tissues were designed. A novel reagent, maleimidoethyl 3-(tri-n-butylstannyl)hippurate (MIH), was synthesized by reacting N-(hydroxyethyl)maleimide with N-Boc-glycine before coupling with N-succinimidyl 3-(tri-n-butylstannyl)benzoate (ATE). MIH possessed a maleimide group for mAb conjugation and a butylstannyl moiety for high-yield and site-specific radioiodination, and the two functional groups were linked via an ester bond to release m-iodohippuric acid. To investigate the fate of radiolabels after lysosomal proteolysis, hepatic parenchymal cells were used as a model nontarget tissue and 131I-labeled MIH was conjugated with galactosyl-neoglycoalbumin (NGA). Further conjugation of [131I]MIH with a mAb against osteogenic sarcoma (OST7) after reduction of its disulfide bonds was followed up. In murine biodistribution studies, [131I]MIH-NGA exhibited rapid accumulation in the liver followed by radioactivity elimination from the liver at a rate that was identical to and faster than those of 131I-labeled NGA via direct iodination ([131I]NGA) and [131I]ATE-labeled NGA, respectively. While [131I]NGA indicated high radioactivity levels in the murine neck, stomach, and blood, such increases in the radioactivity count were not detectable by the administration of either [131I]MIH-NGA or [131I]ATE-NGA. At 6 h postinjection of [131I]MIH-NGA, 80% of the injected radioactivity was recovered in the urine. Analyses of urine samples indicated that m-iodohippuric acid was the sole radiolabeled metabolite. In biodistribution studies using [131I]-MIH-OST7 and [131I]ATE-OST7, while both 131I-labeled OST7s registered almost identical radioactivity levels in the blood up to 6 h postinjection, the former demonstrated a lower radioactivity level than [131I]ATE-OST7 in nontarget tissues throughout the experiment. Such chemical and biological characteristics of MIH would enable high target/nontarget ratios in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine using mAbs and other polypeptides.
Albumins↗
Position-independent, high-level, and correct regional expression of the rat aldolase C gene in the central nervous system of transgenic mice.
Aldolase C is mainly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). To clarify the regulatory mechanisms for the CNS-specific expression, transgenic mice were created using two constructs of the rat aldolase C gene. A fusion gene comprising the 5' regulatory region of the aldolase C gene was expressed in a CNS-specific manner. However, the expression levels and the cellular localization of the gene varied among transgenic mice. The other construct, including both 5' and 3' regulatory regions of the gene, showed position-independent and high-level expression as well as the correct regional distribution in the CNS. These results indicate that the 13-kb sequence of the rat aldolase C gene contains sufficient information for faithful expression of the gene.
Animals↗
Molecular epidemiological studies of human herpesvirus 6 in families.
The mode of transmission of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was investigated by molecular epidemiological techniques in four families. HHV-6 was isolated from the peripheral blood of seven infants with exanthem subitum, including siblings, and from the saliva of two mothers. These isolates were examined for genetic relatedness by means of restriction enzymes analysis of purified DNA. While the profiles of the digestion patterns differed among families, they were very similar in a particular family. These results may suggest that HHV-6 is transmitted primarily from mother to child.
Adult↗
Human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 infections in renal transplant recipients and healthy adults in Turkey.
We explored the prevalence of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infections in 16 renal transplant recipients and 16 healthy controls by virus isolation, serology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by dot blot hybridization. HHV-6 variant A was isolated from one renal transplant recipient. Seven patients (44%) and six controls (38%) had HHV-6 variant B DNA in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The prevalence of HHV-7 DNA was found to be the same in patients and controls (19%).
Adult↗
Human herpesvirus 7: another causal agent for roseola (exanthem subitum).
Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two infants with typical exanthem subitum. The HindIII-, BamHI-, and EcoRI-digested DNA patterns of the isolated viruses were very similar to that of the prototype HHV-7 (RK strain), but different from that of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). During the convalescent period of the first patient, the titer of antibody to HHV-7 rose from < 1:10 to 1:320 by an immunofluorescence antibody test, whereas the titer of antibody to HHV-6 remained < 1:10. In the second patient, who had two independent episodes of exanthem subitum during 2 months, both HHV-6 and HHV-7 were sequentially isolated; seroconversion to HHV-6 occurred during the first episode and to HHV-7 during the second episode. In addition, sera from another 15 children who had episodes of exanthem subitum were serologically tested for antibodies to HHV-6 and HHV-7 by immunofluorescence antibody test. Five of seven patients had seroconversion to HHV-7 just after having typical signs and symptoms of exanthem subitum. These results suggest that HHV-7 is one of the causative agents of exanthem subitum.
Child, Preschool↗
High rate of reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 in children with dengue hemorrhagic fever.
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Adolescent↗
Eating attitudes and weight preoccupation among female high school students in Japan.
Eating disorder tendencies in 197 eleventh grade Japanese girls were examined to ascertain whether or not the reported correlates of eating disorder tendencies in North America would be replicated in Japan. The 26-item Eating Attitudes Test was administered along with a set of supplementary questions. As hypothesized, higher levels of eating disturbances were found in the students who: (1) perceived themselves as being overweight, (2) had been encouraged to diet, (3) reported engaging in frequent conversations with their mother about food and dieting. Implications for future cross-cultural research are discussed.
Adolescent↗
Variation of DNA sequence in immediate-early gene of human herpesvirus 6 and variant identification by PCR.
The complete nucleotide sequence of one of the immediate-early genes of human herpesvirus 6 variant B was determined and compared with that of variant A reported by Martin et al. (M.D. Martin, J. Nicholas, B. J. Thomson, C. Newman, and R. W. Honess, J. Virol. 65:5381-5390, 1991). While it was reported that two open reading frames exist in this region of variant A, only one open reading frame was found in variant B and the putative coding region of variant B was 2,679 nucleotides long. Furthermore, two additive regions of 108 and 228 bp were found in variant B. Primers covering one of these regions deleted in variant A were synthesized and used for PCR amplification. Twelve isolates from patients were clearly classified into variants A and B by PCR amplification with these primers. All isolates from patients with exanthem subitum were variant B.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Structures of novel bufadienolides in the eggs of a toad, Bufo marinus.
In this paper, we report chemical structures of five compounds including four novel polyhydroxylated cardiac steroids in the eggs of a toad, Bufo marinus. These cardiac steroids were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were determined to be 11 alpha,19-dihydroxy-telocinobufagin (I), 11 alpha-hydroxytelocinobufagin (II), 11 alpha,19-dihydroxymarinobufagin (III), 11 alpha-hydroxymarinobufagin (IV) and 19-hydroxytelocinobufagin (V) on the basis of spectral data of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. All the five compounds showed biological activity, as tested by inhibition of Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity and of [3H]ouabain binding to the receptor on Na+,K(+)-ATPase. This is the first finding of bufadienolides as cardiac steroids in animal eggs.
Animals↗
Detection of specific systemic and local IgG and IgA antibodies of pigs after infection with Bordetella bronchiseptica by ELISA.
An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of IgG and IgA antibodies against Bordetella bronchiseptica in serum and nasal secretions of pigs was developed. The ELISA that used formolized phase I organisms of B. bronchiseptica as an antigen detected antibodies to a capsular K antigen(s) of the organism. In pigs which had an agglutinin titer of less than 10 and an ELISA value of 0.47, on average, of maternal antibodies to B. bronchiseptica, IgG antibody in serum increased 4 weeks on average and IgG and IgA antibodies in nasal secretions rose markedly 1 and 2 weeks, respectively, after appearance of more than 5 x 10(3) colony forming units per ml of the organisms in the nasal cavity. In contrast, IgG antibody response in serum was inhibited strongly and no increase of the antibody was observed in pigs that had high titers (an agglutinin titer of 149 and an ELISA value of 1.49, on average) of the maternal antibody. In the pigs, a typical decrease in the production and marked delay in the time course of the production of IgG and IgA antibodies in the nasal cavity were also observed. Thus, although pigs produced systemic and local antibodies to B. bronchiseptica, the antibody response was affected dose responsively by the maternal antibody. However, the effect seemed to be a little milder in local antibody responses than in systemic antibody responses. The role of the local antibodies in eradication of the organism in the nasal cavity was not elucidated.
Animals↗
Urinary bladder-selective action of the new antimuscarinic compound vamicamide.
1. The inhibitory action of vamicamide (FK176, (+/-)-(2R*,4R*)-4-dimethylamino-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)valeramide, CAS 132373-81-0) on the responses of various tissues to the cholinergic agonists, carbachol and McN-A-343 (4-[m-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy]-2-butynyl-trimethylammonium chloride, CAS 55-45-8), was investigated in isolated tissue preparations. Vamicamide showed competitive antagonistic actions against all the preparations tested and its pA2 value for the urinary bladder was 6.82, which was higher than that for the atria (5.94) and almost the same as that for the vas deferens (6.90) and for the stomach (6.81). The pA2 values of oxybutynin hydrochloride (oxybutynin) and atropine sulfate monohydrate (atropine) were nearly the same in all the tissues tested. 2. Oral administration of vamicamide 0.1-1.0 mg/kg inhibited dose-dependently spontaneous bladder contractions caused by raising the intravesical volume in conscious rats. Inhibitory actions were also obtained with 0.32-3.2 mg/kg of oxybutynin or 0.0032-0.032 mg/kg of atropine, but the duration of action of oxybutynin was shorter than that of vamicamide or atropine. Vamicamide further inhibited bladder contractions in rats following intravesical administration of 0.05-0.5 mg/ml solution. 3. Vamicamide had no effect or only slightly inhibited spontaneous motility of the stomach and distal colon in conscious rats, as well as heart rate and salivary secretion in conscious dogs, after oral dosing with 3.2 mg/kg of the compound. Similar results were obtained with oxybutynin, excepting the occurrence of tachycardia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Effect of dynamic cardiomyoplasty on phasic coronary arterial flow velocity in canine hearts.
The usefulness of dynamic cardiomyoplasty has been demonstrated repeatedly, both experimentally and clinically. Although clinical applications of dynamic cardiomyoplasty to ischemic heart disease have been reported, its effect on the coronary blood flow has never been discussed. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that dynamic cardiomyoplasty might adversely affect coronary arterial blood flow through compression of the coronary arteries during systolic skeletal muscular contraction and incomplete relaxation of the skeletal muscle flap during diastole. Dynamic cardiomyoplasty was performed in seven mongrel dogs with the use of a left latissimus dorsi-muscle flap, paced synchronously with the R wave of the electrocardiogram. A 3F Doppler catheter was placed in the left main trunk of the coronary artery to assess the instantaneous changes of coronary flow velocity by fast Fourier transformation analysis, We compared systolic and diastolic properties during assisted versus unassisted cardiac cycles by calculating the peak velocity and the time-velocity integral. During assisted cardiac cycles, a significant enhancement of coronary arterial blood flow velocity was demonstrated by significant increases in both systolic and diastolic peak velocity (26.9% +/- 6.5%, p < 0.005; 4.0% +/- 1.6%, p < 0.05, respectively) and time-velocity integral (20.9% +/- 4.8%, p < 0.05; 10.0% +/- 4.6%, p < 0.05, respectively). Enhancement of coronary arterial blood flow velocity was associated with an increase in mean aortic pressure (16.4% +/- 1.3%, p < 0.005) and descending aortic flow (67.5% +/- 5.3%, p < 0.005). Also, the improved systolic coronary arterial blood flow velocity was consistent with an increase in systolic aortic pressure (15.8% +/- 1.5%, p < 0.005), and enhancement of diastolic coronary arterial blood flow velocity was associated with an increase in diastolic aortic pressure (8.6% +/- 2.3%, p < 0.01). We concluded that coronary arterial blood flow velocity was increased by the enhancement of cardiac function as a result of dynamic cardiomyoplasty, leading to an increase of coronary perfusion pressure and cardiac output.
Animals↗
A biological method to evaluate bifunctional chelating agents to label antibodies with metallic radionuclides.
UNLABELLED: Since the lysosome is a common organelle for protein digestion, pursuing the fate of radiolabeled metabolites after lysosomal proteolysis in liver cells is ideal to evaluate bifunctional chelating agents (BCAs). METHODS: We used galactosyl-neoglycoalbumin (NGA) and mannosyl-neoglycoalbumin (NMA) as carrier proteins for hepatic parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells, respectively. These proteins were labeled with 111In using 1-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (SCN-Bz-EDTA) as a model. RESULTS: NGA-SCN-Bz-EDTA-111In exhibited rapid accumulation in the hepatic parenchymal cells, followed by hepatobiliary excretion of the metabolites with an elimination rate that was faster and much slower than that of NGA-DTPA-111In and NGA-131I, respectively. This metabolite represented all the radioactivity registered in the liver at 1 hr postinjection. Subcellular distribution studies indicated the metabolites were located only in the lysosome fraction, and the difference in elimination rates of the metabolites from the lysosome fraction was responsible for the variations in radioactivity clearance from the cells. CONCLUSION: The biological characteristics of radiolabeled metabolites play a critical role in eliminating the radiolabel from liver cells. The present method portrays a highly useful model to pursue the fate of radiolabeled metabolites in the liver.
Albumins↗