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Biomedical subjects

T Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyazaki.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Characteristics of auto-antibodies to bovine TSH in the serum of two patients with Graves' disease.

In this report we describe the characteristics of auto-antibodies to bovine TSH (bTSH) detected in the serum of 2 females among 102 patients with Graves' disease. These patients had never been injected with bTSH. One patient had high LATS activity and high bTSH binding activity after isotope therapy. The other patient showed no detectable LATS activity. Interestingly, the antibody showed a specifically high binding activity for the labelled TSH preparation purified by receptor. The auto-antibody could be demonstrated by the double antibody method, polyethylene glycol method, and by gel-filtration. The antibody was polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG). Because the binding of [125I]bTSH with the patient's antibody was inhibited by pituitary extracts from mammalian species other than human, this antibody may cross-react with bovine, rat, dog, rabbit and whale TSH. Although the incidence of the antibody in Graves' disease is low and the pathological significance remains obscure, the existence of this antibody in the serum of patients may suggest that autoimmune mechanisms may involve not only the thyroid but also the pituitary in Graves' disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of alcohol diet from the fetal period on lipid metabolism in rats.

The effects of maternal alcohol consumption on lipid metabolism in the litter liver were examined in the rat. Rats reared from their fetal period to adulthood with liquid alcohol diet (fetal alcohol group) did not show any lipid accumulation in the livers. Liver perfusion experiments showed an increased oxygen consumption in the liver to a load of physiological concentration of palmitate. On the contrary, the response of oxygen consumption in fetal control rat livers (reared with non-alcohol liquid diet) to palmitate was found to be depressed. 14CO2 production rate from 14C-palmitate in perfused livers showed a significant increase in fetal alcohol group as compared with controls. No difference in 14C-palmitate incorporation into tissue lipid was found between fetal alcohol and fetal control groups. These data indicate that when rats are treated with alcohol from fetal period they acquire an ability to elevate FFA oxidation in the liver through metabolic adaptation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Renal function study with 111In-DTPA--in comparison with 99mTc-DTPA.

Technetium-99m-diethylene-triamine-penta-acetic acid (DTPA) and 111In-DTPA were injected simultaneously into 21 patients with various levels of renal function. Scintiphoto, camera data renograms and clearance values (plasma sampling) were obtained for each patient. The mixed isotope scintiphoto images were of intermediate quality and the images with 111In-DTPA were apparently inferior to those with 99mTc-DTPA. These equations were obtained: (1) y = 0.30 + 0.91 x (coefficient of correlation r = 0.98) where x is the value at T peak (time of maximum count on renogram) obtained with 99mTc-DTPA and where y is the value at T peak with 111In-DTPA. (2) y = -0.09 + 1.006 x (r = 0.99) where x is the value at T3/4 (time interval between the time of maximum count to the time of 3/4 of maximum count on renogram) and where y is the value at T3/4 obtained with 111In-DTPA. (3) y = -0.01 + 1.007 x (r = 0.98) where the x and y values were for the excretion ratios (counts at 20 min/maximum counts on renogram). (4) y = 0.81 + 0.98 x (r = 0.99) where x and y are the clearance values.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Lysosomal arylsulfatases of human leukocytes: increment of phosphorylated B variants in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Lysosomal arylsulfatases A and B of peripheral leukocytes from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and from healthy subjects were studied. Two enzyme activities of leukemia cells were significantly higher than those of cells from healthy subjects, irrespective of total and differential counts of leukemic cells. Upon anion-exchange chromatography, the arylsulfatases of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells and normal leukocytes were separated into the basic B enzyme and its anionic variant (B1) and A enzyme. However, the amount of B1 enzyme relative to B enzyme or the activity ratio of B1 enzyme to total arylsulfatase B (B + B1) was higher in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells than in normal cells. The anionic property of the enzyme was found to be due to phosphate groups bound to the carbohydrate moiety of the arylsulfatase, based on the following results. When B1 enzyme was treated with alkaline phosphatase followed by isoelectric focusing, it was changed to a less anionic enzyme with heterogeneous components which are ascribed to phosphodiester groups linked to the heterogeneous carbohydrate moiety of the enzyme; no effect was observed by sialidase treatment. Upon treatment of B1 enzyme with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H, which cleaves sugar chains of a high mannose type in glycoproteins, the anionic heterogeneous components were converted to the basic component similar to B enzyme. From our present and previous observations, it can be concluded that the increase of phosphorylated forms of the lysosomal hydrolase represents one characteristic of rapidly proliferating neoplastic cells.

Cerebroside-Sulfatase↗
PubMed1983

Aldolase A isoenzyme levels in serum and tissues of patients with liver diseases.

A radioimmunoassay specific for human aldolase A was used to measure human aldolase A levels in human tissue and serum of patients with various liver diseases. The method was a double-antibody technique using radio-iodinated purified aldolase A, chicken antibody to aldolase A, and rabbit antibody to chicken immunoglobulin G. Normal liver tissue contains only a small amount of aldolase A. In contrast, aldolase A predominates in liver cell carcinoma tissue. Aldolase A levels in the sera of normal subjects were 171 +/- 39 ng/ml (mean +/- 2 SD). In almost all of the nonmalignant liver diseases, the aldolase A levels remained less than 210 ng/ml. The serum aldolase A levels increased remarkable only in fulminant hepatitis. in contrast, 32 of 34 patients with liver cell carcinoma and all of 29 patients with metastatic liver carcinoma showed clearly increased serum aldolase A levels. More patients with primary liver cell carcinoma had increased serum aldolase A levels than elevations of serum alpha-fetoprotein. These results suggest that the determination of aldolase A by radioimmunoassay may be useful to differentiate malignant form nonmalignant liver diseases.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1983

[Sensitivity to bleomycin of human cultured tumor cells and analysis of related factors].

Several types of human cultured tumor cells were tested for the sensitivity to BLM, an effective antitumor antibiotic for epidermoid (squamous cell) carcinomas. Three cell lines (HeLa, KB, Hepd) derived from epidermoid carcinomas were very sensitive to BLM under concentrations tested, whereas BLM-resistant HeLa cells (HeLa-BLMr), neoplastic cells derived from salivary glands (HPA, HSG), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and melanoma (MEC) were much less sensitive to BLM than epidermoid carcinoma cell lines under the same conditions. To investigate the possible mechanism of BLM resistance, these cell lines, namely HeLa, HeLa-BLMr, HSG and MEC, were examined for i) BLM permeability into cells by using 3H-PEP which was a new derivative of BLM, ii) BLM-inactivating activity in cell extracts by bioassay for antibacterial activity with B. subtilis PCI 219 strain, and iii) DNA repair activity after UV irradiation. Consequently, as compared with BLM-sensitive HeLa cells, BLM less sensitive HeLa-BLMr, HSG and MEC cells showed 34%, 50% and 39% reduction per 10(6) cells in BLM permeability, 1.6-, 5.6- and 4.7-fold increase per mg protein in BLM inactivating activity, and 24.5-, one and 8-fold enhancement in DNA repair activity, respectively. Therefore, it was indicated that above three factors at least were involved in the BLM sensitivity of human tumor cells.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan (SPG) in advanced gastric cancer--a randomized comparative study by an envelope method].

To clarify the clinical efficacy of SPG, a beta-1, 3 glucan extracted from cultured Schizophyllum commune Fries, a randomized comparative study was performed in combination with mitomycin C+5-fluorouracil (MF protocol) or tegafur (F protocol). A total of 514 cases with inoperable or recurrent gastric cancer were randomly allocated to either the SPG group or the control group, 367 of which were finally assessed for clinical efficacy. SPG was intramuscularly given at a dose of 20 mg twice a week or 40 mg once a week. Significant prolongation of life span was confirmed in the SPG group (MF protocol: p less than 0.01, F protocol: p less than 0.05), although the combination of SPG did not demonstrate a remarkable antitumor effect in both MF and F protocols. Among immune response parameters tested, the positive reactions in the PHA skin test were maintained in the SPG group and decreases in lymphocyte counts were inhibited by SPG in the MF protocol. Side effects associated with SPG therapy were noted in 6 of 258 cases treated with SPG. From these results, it is indicated that the combination of SPG and the chemotherapeutic agents may be useful in treating patients with inoperable or recurrent gastric cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1983

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma and IgG heavy chain allotypes.

We studied Gm typing of serum samples from 838 donors; 177 had chronic hepatitis, 166 liver cirrhosis, 113 primary hepatocellular carcinoma, 21 alcoholic hepatitis, 18 fatty liver and 343 were unrelated normal blood donors. The distribution of Gm phenotypes and haplotypes in sera from patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma differed from that in the normal controls; the Gm phenotype (1,2,21,13,15,16) and the haplotype Gm1,2,21 were significantly more common in this patient group (X2 = 18.56, corrected P less than 0.01, relative risk = 3.12; X2 = 25.52, corrected P less than 0.005, respectively). Overall, in the other liver diseases, we observed no significant Gm phenotype or haplotype association. The commitment to progression to primary liver carcinoma seems to be ascribable to a gene or polygenes close to the IgG heavy chain loci.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

[Phase II study with methyl-6[[[2-chloroethyl) nitrosoamino] carbonyl] amino]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU) in hematological malignancies].

A total of 117 cases with hematological malignancies were treated with MCNU at doses of 70-100 mg/m2. Following are the results obtained. 1. MCNU showed a marked depression of cells in the cases with CML, polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia. The low level of cells was maintained for 2 to 7 months. 2. A good response was observed in several cases with blastic crises of CML. 3. No response was observed in two cases with acute leukemia. 4. Although a fair response was observed in several cases with malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma, moderate bone marrow suppression was observed in a majority of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Structural studies of a human gamma 3 myeloma protein (Jir) bearing the allotypic marker Gm(st).

The authors established the amino acid substitutions determining G3m(s) and G3m(t) specificities, which characterize Mongoloid populations, by sequence analysis of the Fc region of a myeloma protein (Jir). By comparing the amino acid sequences of the IgG3 (Jir) and the other IgG subclasses analyzed to date, it was found that G3m(s) was an isoallotype specified by an amino acid substitution at position 435; i.e., whereas the subclasses IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 had histidine in common, G3m(s-) had arginine in this position. This was also confirmed by the observation that the Fc fragment in question bound to protein A. It was also established that the amino acid at position 379 of G3m(t-) IgG3 and the other subclasses was valine, whereas methionine in this position was specific for G3m(t+). In addition, the amino acids at position 339 of G3m(u-) IgG3 Jir was threonine, and at position 296 of G3m(g-) IgG3 Jir was tyrosine. These findings are not in accord with the hitherto postulated relations of alanine and phenylalanine to G3m(u-) and G3m(g-), respectively. Finally, this study showed that a large number of substitutions occurred at positions 384 through 389, which suggests that many specificities of the G3m(b) group occur on IgG3 proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗