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Biomedical subjects

T Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyazaki.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Exo-beta-D-glucuronidase from the fungus Kobayasia nipponica.

The occurrence of three forms, I, II, and III, of exo-beta-D-glucuronidase of the fungus Kobayasia nipponica was demonstrated. These three forms were purified 1,905-fold, 857-fold, and 357-fold, respectively. Forms I, II, and III of exo-beta-D-glucuronidase behaved differently on heparin-Sepharose chromatography, and differed in optimum pH (3.5, 3.2, and 2.6, respectively), pH-stability, Km (0.22, 0.16, and 0.13 mM, respectively), and Vmax (V) values. Their molecular weights, as estimated by gel filtration through Sephacryl S-200, were all 70,000; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate gave a value of 72,000. These three forms were very active towards 1-4 linked beta-D-glucuronans, (Formula: see text) and (Formula: see text), but weak or inactive towards protuberic acid and several glycosaminoglycans.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1984

Isolation and characterization of an endo-beta-D-glucuronidase from the fungus Kobayasia nipponica.

An endo-beta-D-glucuronidase was isolated and characterized from Kobayasia nipponica. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, CM-Sephadex chromatography, gel filtration with Sephacryl S-200, and heparin-Sepharose chromatography. The enzyme shows the following properties: optimum pH 5.0, thermal stability below 37 degrees C, pH stability 5-6, optimum temperature 45-55 degrees C, and Km 0.12% for L-idurono-D-glucuronan (protuberic acid (PA), L-IdUA:D-GlcUA = 1:2) from Kobayasia nipponica, 0.19% for PF (L-IdUA:D-GlcUA = 1:3) from Pseudocolus fusiformis, and 0.23% for (1-4)-beta-D-glucuronan(mucoric acid) from Mucor mucedo as determined from Hofstee plots. The molecular weight values estimated by gel filtration through Sephacryl S-200 and Sephadex G-50 and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate were 10,500 and 10,200, respectively. The endo-beta-D-glucuronidase was inactive towards several glycosaminoglycans.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1984

Requirement of anionic groups for the mitogenicity of a fungal mitogen, vesiculogen.

Active site(s) of a B-cell mitogen, vesiculogen, was investigated by means of chemical and enzymic modifications. Vesiculogen is a non-dialyzable fraction of a hot water extract from a fungus, Peziza vesiculosa (Yadomae et al, Microbiol. Immunol. 23, 997 (1979], and was composed of protein (approximately 60%), carbohydrate (approximately 30%), and a small amount of amino sugar, uronic acid, phosphate, and lipid. The mitogenicity was not affected by periodate oxidation, N-acylation, defatting treatment, destruction of the three dimensional structure, protease digestion, nuclease digestion, N-bromosuccinimide treatment, and beta-mercaptoethanol treatment. However, the mitogenicity was decreased by a modification of carboxyl groups, such as 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylamino propyl)-carbodiimide or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide treatment. Vesiculogen contains a large amount of acidic amino acids. These results suggest that the mitogenicity of vesiculogen is due to the presence of anionic groups, such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid, and that the mitogenic substance is a novel, heat stable polyanionic B-cell activator obtained from Ascomycotina.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Protection of hypoxic myocardium by intracoronary administration of verapamil in open-chest dogs.

Hypoxic perfusion of the regional myocardium was performed in 34 open-chest dogs. In eight dogs in which the myocardium was perfused with original hypoxic Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) solution for 5 min (group I) there was a marked decrease in adenosine triphosphate content (2.03 +/- 0.44 mumol/g) and an increase in lactate content (8.65 +/- 2.26 mumol/g). In myocardium of nine dogs (group II) perfused with verapamil-containing (1.3 mg/dl) K-H solution and in that of nine dogs (group III) receiving Ca2+-free solution, the degrees of reduction in adenosine triphosphate (2.99 +/- 0.73 and 3.25 +/- 0.48 mumol/g, respectively) and of lactate accumulation (5.16 +/- 0.59 and 4.79 +/- 1.02 mumol/g, respectively) at 5 min were significantly less than in group I. Absence of statistically significant differences in hemodynamic parameters among these three groups indicates that the metabolic preservation in group II probably resulted from a direct effect of verapamil on the regional myocardium related to Ca2+ metabolism. However, metabolic data in four dogs of group I and four dogs of group III killed at 40 sec of perfusion, in conjunction with results of the analysis of regional contraction, revealed that the time courses of segmental shortening in the three groups did not account for the metabolic differences among them.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1984

Antitumor activity of a polysaccharide fraction extracted from cultured fruiting bodies of Grifola frondosa.

Antitumor activity of a polysaccharide fraction (GF-1) extracted from cultured fruiting bodies of a fungus, Grifola frondosa, was examined on allogeneic and syngeneic tumors in mice. GF-1 had a marked inhibitory activity against the growth of subcutaneously (s.c.) inoculated Sarcoma 180 by the intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection at 0.5-5.0 mg/mouse for 10 successive days. A significant antitumor activity was also observed when GF-1 at 4.0 mg/mouse was i.p. injected successively on days +1-+5, +7-+11, +14-+18 or +21-+25 if the tumor cells were inoculated s.c. on day 0. Similar results were obtained by a single i.p. injection of GF-1 at 2.0 mg/mouse on day +1, +7, +14 or +21. When GF-1 was injected i.p., intravenously (i.v.) or intratumorally (i.t.), all of them showed an equivalent level of higher inhibitory activity (inhibition ratio; over 90%). However, the oral (p.o.) administration was not effective. The pretreatment of mice with GF-1 at 2.0 or 4.0 mg/mouse for 5 times before tumor inoculation did not show a significant antitumor activity. In addition, GF-1 administered i.p. at varying times before and/or after the tumor inoculation showed no antitumor activity against ascites form of Sarcoma 180. In the syngeneic systems, GF-1 exhibited an antitumor activity against solid form of Meth A fibrosarcoma in BALB/c mice and MM46 carcinoma in C3H/He mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of LATS activity and TSH receptor antibody in Graves' disease.

TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb) activity and LATS activity of Graves' sera were compared. All of 50 LATS-positive cases were TRAb positive, although only 63% of LATS-negative cases were TRAb positive. Binding of 125I-TSH to the TSH receptors was inhibited dose-dependently by LATS-immunoglobulin. However, no correlation between TRAb activity and LATS activity was observed. TRAb was positive in 2 LATS-positive cases even when the symptoms of hyperthyroidism were controlled by treatment (antithyroid or radioisotope). The positive TRAb was not changed in 4 Graves' disease patients whose LATS activity had disappeared following antithyroid treatment. These clinical studies show that TRAb is more sensitive than LATS and suggest that LATS may be one of a heterogenous population of antibodies to the TSH receptor in Graves' disease.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1984

A desktop computer to visualize the intraluminal velocity profile and its clinical application.

Based on our previous study that the outcome of reconstructive surgery for lower limbs could well be predicted by flow waveforms and that this state was defined by variation of wall shear stress (tau) in a cardiac cycle, we set up a desktop computer that could calculate wall shear stress in a given patient. This work is based on a principle of a computational method for simulating pulsating blood flow. The flow data from the patient are sent to the waveform analyzer, where the intraluminal velocity profile as well as the shear stress variation is demonstrated. Our study revealed no late occlusion in patients with flow waveforms over 70 dynes/cm2 in tau-variation, early graft failure in those below 20 dynes/cm2, and late occlusion in considerable numbers of patients whose waveforms were between 70 and 20 dynes/cm2. Intraoperative use of the waveform analyzer disclosed the occult cause of obstruction, which would otherwise be overlooked, leading to a remarkable decrease in the rate of immediate graft failure. Follow-up of outpatients with this approach facilitated early detection of late failure, making it possible to repair the graft with minor surgery. Use of the waveform analyzer proved superior to ankle pressure index in predicting graft failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Maxillary dental arch growth in different types of cleft.

A total of 45 subjects, 15 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 15 complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), and 15 cleft palate only (CPO) were studied. Measurements of alveolar points on maxillofacial models were taken of each subject at 5 months, 19 months and 4 years of age. The results revealed different types of growth retardation among the cleft groups. A comparison with 10 controls at 4 years of age showed that the dimensions of the three cleft groups were smaller than the controls, especially at the anterior region of the maxilla. These findings suggest that the relation of the nasal septum to the palatal processes may play an important role in the underdevelopment of the maxilla in the cleft lip and palate patients.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

IgG heavy chain allotype (Gm), a genetic marker for human chromosome 14q32, and haematopoietic malignancies.

IgG heavy chain constant region allotypes, Gm, the genetic marker of human chromosome 14q32, are markers for susceptibility to certain diseases. We tested Gm allotypes in 365 patients with various types of haematological malignancies, 528 healthy controls and 35 healthy HTLV carriers. The frequency of specific Gm phenotypes was significantly increased in patients with adult onset null-ALL, AML, AMoL and CML in blastic crisis. Among these diseases, the frequency of Gm1,2,21 haplotype was significantly increased with adult onset null-ALL, AML and AMoL.

Adolescent↗