We examined the therapeutic effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a differentiation inducer, in combination with daunomycin, an antileukemia drug possessing differentiation-inducing potential, on a rat myelomonocytic leukemia (c-WRT-7). c-WRT-7 cells were found to differentiate into macrophage-like cells and to lose their growth capacity both in vitro and in vivo after incubation with LPS. Morphological differentiation of c-WRT-7 cells was observed in diffusion chambers which had been inserted into the abdominal cavity of syngeneic WKA rats given injections of LPS. A series of i.p. injections of LPS resulted in the complete inhibition of the leukemia development in about 60% of the rats while the remaining rats showed a significant prolongation of survival time when they were given i.p. injections of LPS-sensitive c-WRT-7 cells. The effect of LPS was minimal, however, in those rats which had been given i.p. injections of LPS-hyporesponsive c-WRT-7 cells. Although an i.v. injection of 100 untreated c-WRT-7 cells was enough to kill the syngeneic rats, combination treatment with LPS and daunomycin was able to inhibit completely the development of leukemia in those rats which had been given i.v. injections of LPS-sensitive c-WRT-7 cells, whereas the same treatments were only partially effective in the prolongation of survival among those rats which had been given i.v. injections of LPS-hyporesponsive c-WRT-7 cells. Our studies show that LPS was capable of curing a proportion of rats and that it significantly prolonged the survival of the remainder who had received a transplantation of the differentiation-sensitive leukemia cells; this action was significantly enhanced by the associated administration of daunomycin.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Nickel contribution to the magnetism of Fe-Ni-Zr metallic glasses.

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Journal Article↗

PubMed1987

Production of gamma gamma pairs in quark-gluon plasma and hadron plasma.

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Journal Article↗

PubMed1987

Cell fusion by nasopharyngeal carcinoma-derived Epstein-Barr virus.

Cell fusion experiments using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) obtained from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) hybrid cells (NPC-KT) were carried out to examine whether human adenoid epithelial cells (Ad-AH) could be fused with lymphoblastoid cells (BJAB, Raji, and A2L) superinfected or infected by EBV, and if Ad-AH nuclei of the fused cells could express EBV-associated nuclear antigen. The presence of NPC EBV could induce EBV early antigen in all three lymphoblastoid cell lines. By autoradiography, we found that NPC EBV could induce cell fusion between Ad-AH cells and tritiated thymidine-labeled lymphoblastoid cells. In addition, we found that Ad-AH nuclei of the fused cells expressed EBV-associated nuclear antigen four days after NPC EBV-mediated cell fusion of Ad-AH cells with lymphoblastoid cells.

Antigens, Viral, Tumor↗

PubMed1987

Distribution of Gm and Km allotypes among ten populations of Assam, India.

Serum samples from ten endogamous populations of Assam, India-Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, Muslims, Ahoms, Karbis, Kacharis, Sonowals, Chutiyas, and Rajbanshis-were typed for G1m (1, 2, 3, 17), G3m (5, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 26), and Km (1). Among Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, Muslims, Ahoms, Sonowals, Chutiyas, and Rajbanshis, five different Gm haplotypes were found: Gm1,17;21,26; Gm1,17;10,11,13,15,16; Gm1,2,17;21,26; Gm1,3;5,10,11,13,14,26; and Gm3;5,10,11,13,14,26. Kacharis and Karbis show only four of these haplotypes: Gm3;5,10,11,13,14,26 is absent among them. The intergroup variability in the distribution of these haplotypes is considerable, which can be explained by the ethnohistory of these populations. Genetic distance analysis, in which five Chinese population samples were included, revealed the existence of three main clusters: 1) North and Central Chinese; 2) Kalitas, Kaibartas, Chutiyas, Rajbanshis, Muslims, and Brahmins; and 3) Ahoms, Sonowals, Kacharis, South Chinese, and Karbis. The clusters suggest some genetic relation between these four Assamese populations and South Chinese, which is again understandable considering the ethnohistory of the populations of Northeast India. In the Km system, too, a remarkable variability is seen in distribution of phenotype and allele frequency.

Asian People↗

PubMed1987

31P NMR spectroscopy of the stomach by zig-zag coil.

Phosphorus-31 (31P) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic investigations of the rat stomach were performed utilizing a 1-cm2, three-turn, zig-zag coil. A zig-zag coil of this dimension produced an effective B1 field that extends only within a 4-mm distance from the plane of the surface coil, rendering it possible to obtain high-resolution 31P spectra localized to the stomach without contamination from surrounding tissues. Normal stomach showed a characteristic spectral pattern with resonances reflecting inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine (PCr), and the alpha-, beta-, and gamma-phosphates of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Ischemia-induced changes in Pi, PCr, and ATP resonances were readily followed in vivo with a time resolution of 2.13 min. Indomethacin-induced ulcer revealed a low intracellular pH and a decrease in the PCr to Pi ratio indicating the partially ischemic conditions of ulcerative lesions of the stomach as has been previously suggested. The present studies indicate that 31P NMR spectroscopy utilizing a zig-zag coil is a powerful tool to study local pathology of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Since zig-zag coils suitable for fiberscopic devices are easily constructed, clinical applications of the present technique are apparent.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

zero.1-T human fat/water separation by SIDAC.

High-resolution human fat/water separated images were obtained in 17 min at a static magnetic field strength as low as 0.1 T. The sequence used was based on SIDAC (spectroscopic imaging by dephasing amplitude changing), which employs a stepwise changing dephase gradient for the separation of spectral and spatial information of magnetic spins.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1987

131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy in patients with neuroblastoma.

Twenty-six studies by meta-(131I)-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy (131I-MIBG), 26 studies by 67Ga-citrate and 33 99mTc-hydorxymethylene diphosphate (99mTc-HMDP) scintigraphic studies were performed for 10 patients with abdominal neuroblastoma. Comparing the 131I-MIBG images obtained at 24, 48 and 72 h, the 48-h image was the most distinctive for the tumor. Intrabdominal primary lesions, which ranged from bean to fist-size, were visualized in 7/7 cases (100%) by 131I-MIBG, 4/7 cases (57%) by 67Ga-citrate and 4/8 cases (50%) by 99mTc-HMDP before surgery and at diagnosis. In serial follow-up of these patients after starting chemotherapy, 131I-MIGB detected 100% of regressing primary tumors. Studies of 5 postoperative patients showed negative images for the primary tumor in all 3 scintigraphies except one in whom 131I-MIBG was positive, but not 67Ga-citrate or 99mTc-HMDP, for an unresectable residual tumor. 131I-MIBG also detected metastatic lesions not predicted by 67Ga-citrate or 99mTc-HMDP and reflected tumor progression more sensitively than known tumor markers such as urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), homovanillic acid (HVA), serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and ferritin. These findings indicate that the 48 hr 131I-MIBG scintigraphy is superior to 67Ga-citrate or 99mTc-HMDP images and to other biochemical markers in monitoring the effect of treatment on neuroblastoma.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗

PubMed1987

Epicardial mapping during induction of nonsustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a 7-day-old canine myocardial infarction model.

Programmed electrical stimulation and epicardial mapping were performed to study electrophysiologic mechanisms for induction of nonsustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in 29 dogs with 7-day-old myocardial infarction. Nine dogs had 15 different episodes of reproducible monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (11 sustained and 4 nonsustained) (group A). Seven episodes of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (group B) were induced in six dogs, three of which degenerated into ventricular fibrillation. Epicardial activation time during premature stimulation at the time of tachycardia induction was more prolonged in group A than in group B (183 +/- 43 vs 123 +/- 35 msec, p less than 0.01). Furthermore, induction of ventricular tachycardia was preceded by the development of functional block in 13 of 15 group A tachycardias, but in only three of seven group B tachycardias. During polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, epicardial activation patterns were radial from the earliest epicardial activation site, similar to those observed during left ventricular endocardial pacing. QRS polymorphism was associated with a beat-to-beat variation in the earliest epicardial activation site. In conclusion, inducibility of nonsustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is less dependent on the epicardial activation sequence than on monomorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Animals↗