[Two cases of localized splenic lesion associated with hepatic hemangioma].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
T Miyauchi
Publications and source records attributed to T Miyauchi.
Relapse of androgen-dependent tumour of mouse (Shionogi Carcinoma 115) after castration and oestrogen treatment.
To elucidate relapse of hormone-dependent tumour, mice bearing androgen-dependent carcinoma (SC 115) underwent castration or received oestrogen treatment. Since SC 115 consisted of two types of cells, androgen-sensitive round cells and -insensitive spindle-shaped cells, changes in the ratio of the cellular population were examined. After castration, spindle-shaped cells increased temporarily as the tumour regressed, then the round cells increased significantly along with an increase in size of the tumour. Oestrogen treatment did not influence the population. Androgen dependency and the growth rate of round cells were generally preserved in the next generation. Therefore, relapse may occur by an increase in the number of androgen-sensitive round cells.
Androgens↗
Involvement of alpha- and beta 1-adrenergic mechanisms in the immobility-reducing action of desipramine in the forced swimming test.
The influences of various monoaminergic agents on the immobility-reducing action of desipramine (DMI) in the forced swimming test were examined. 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and methysergide, a serotonin agonist and antagonist, respectively, did not affect the duration of immobility. Pimozide, a dopamine antagonist, prolonged the duration of immobility at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg. However, at the doses tested, these drugs had no effect on the action of desipramine. Phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist, prolonged the duration of immobility only with the largest dose (20 mg/kg), but the action of desipramine was completely blocked by this drugs at all doses. Intracerebroventricular injection of a beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol (ISO), and two selective beta 1-adrenergic antagonists, atenolol (ATE) and practolol, dose-dependently diminished and potentiated, respectively, the action of desipramine although these drugs had no effect on the duration of immobility when given alone. A beta 2-adrenergic antagonist derived from oximino-9-fluorene, (IPS 339) did not influence the duration of immobility or affect the action of desipramine. The effect of isoproterenol was almost completely blocked by the pretreatment with atenolol and practolol but not by IPS 339. Subcutaneously-injected isoproterenol did not affect the action of desipramine. Isoproterenol and atenolol had no effect on the concentration of desipramine in brain regions. Phenylephrine, a postsynaptic alpha-adrenergic agonist, reduced the duration of immobility as did desipramine, but this action was not affected by isoproterenol and atenolol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
The incidence of cystinuria in Japan.
Screening tests for cystinuria were done in approximately 110,000 children and students. The rates of discovery were chemical cystinuria 920 to 1, cystine crystalluria 16,000 to 1 and homozygous cystinuria 18,000 to 1 (8,000 to 1 if a correction was made by the rates of performances of secondary screening and urinary amino acid assay). No stone formation was observed in a 7-year followup of 6 patients considered to be homozygotes. A correlation was observed between urinary cystine and urinary uric acid levels in 39 cases of chemical cystinuria.
Adolescent↗
Glycoprotein-bound large carbohydrates of early embryonic cells: structural characteristic of the glycan isolated from F9 embryonal carcinoma cells.
The high-molecular-weight glycopeptides characteristic of early embryonic cells were isolated from F9 embryonal carcinoma cells grown in vitro and also from the cells grown in vivo as subcutaneous tumors. The two preparations had similar carbohydrate compositions. The major components were galactose and N-acetylglucosamine (molar ratio 1:0.86) in the glycan isolated from the cultured cells. In addition, small amounts of fucose, N-acetylgalactosamine and mannose were present. The glycan from the in vitro grown cells was found to have a molecular weight of more than 10,000 by gel filtration after mild alkaline treatment or hydrazinolysis. The structural characteristics of the core portion of the glycan were studied by using the radioactively labeled glycopeptide from the in vitro grown cells. Methylation analysis provided the following informations. 1) The glycan was highly branched at galactosyl residues. 2) Large numbers of galactosyl residues were also present at non-reducing termini. 3) Monosubstitution of galactose occurred at C-3. 4) Glucosamine residues were mainly monosubstituted. That the disaccharide GlcNAc-Gal was the major structural unit of the glycan was suggested by the isolation of the deacetylated disaccharide after alkaline thiophenol cleavage followed by acid hydrolysis. Furthermore, methylation analysis of the glycan from the in vivo grown tumors indicated that monosubstitution of glucosamine occurred at C-4 and that disubstitution of galactose occurred at least mainly at C-3 and C-6. We propose that the basic structural unit of the core portion is 4GlcNAc 1 leads to 3Gal, and that the galactosyl residue serves as a branching point at C-6. Thus, the structural unit of the core portion of the large glycan appears to be the same as that of lactosaminoglycans found in adult cells.
Amino Acids↗
Further studies on the suppressing effect of isoproterenol on the immobility-reducing action of desipramine in the forced swimming test.
The present study was undertaken to examine whether the suppressing effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of isoproterenol (ISO) on the immobility-reducing action of desipramine (DMI) in the forced swimming test was mediated through the presynaptic noradrenaline (NA) neurons and presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors in rat brain. As in the case of DMI, phenylephrine (i.c.v.) and yohimbine (i.p.) reduced the duration of immobility. The actions of DMI and yohimbine but not that of phenylephrine were diminished and potentiated by i.c.v. administration of ISO and atenolol, respectively. The suppressing effects of ISO were almost completely blocked by the pretreatment with atenolol. On the other hand, clonidine (s.c.) diminished the action of DMI as did ISO, although clonidine had no effect on the duration of immobility when given alone. The suppressing effect of clonidine was antagonized by the pretreatment with yohimbine at a dose which did not affect the duration of immobility, when given alone, nor influenced the action of DMI, whereas the effect of ISO was not affected by the same dose of yohimbine. These results suggest that the suppressing effect of ISO on the immobility-reducing action of DMI in the forced swimming test is mediated through the presynaptic NA neurons, and ISO acts through the presynaptic beta 1- but not alpha 2-adrenoceptors.
Animals↗
Effect of sex hormones on RNA synthesis of androgen-dependent mouse mammary tumor (Shionogi carcinoma).
To observe the effect of sex hormones on RNA synthesis of androgen-dependent tumors, mice of DD/S strain bearing androgen-dependent mouse mammary tumor (SC 115) were treated with the hormones, and RNA polymerase activities in isolated nuclei of the tumor were measured. The activity of RNA polymerase I in SC 115 was diminished to approximately 60% of the control level by castration, and it was restored to the precastrated level 12 hr after treatment with 0.2 mg of testosterone. While the activity of RNA polymerase II in the tumor was scarcely influenced by castration, it reached 150% of the castrated level 24 hr after administration of testosterone. In CS 1, a subline of SC 115 with partial loss of androgen dependency on growth, castration and testosterone treatment caused similar but less prominent effects on the activities of RNA polymerase. Administration of estradiol-17 beta to castrated animals also increased the activity of RNA polymerase I, but to a lesser degree than testosterone, in both SC 115 and CS 1. However, only SC 115 demonstrated an increase in RNA polymerase II after estrogen treatment.
Androgens↗
Changes in cytosolic androgen receptor after administration of testosterone of androgen-dependent mouse mammary tumor (Shionogi carcinoma) and its sublines of altered androgen dependency.
The effect of testosterone treatment on the cytosolic androgen receptor in an androgen-dependent tumor (Shionogi Carcinoma 115, SC 115) and its sublines of altered hormone-dependency (CS 1, less androgen-dependent, and CS 2, androgen-independent) was examined. In all tumors examined a single, high-affinity binding to 3H-R 1881 was detected in cytosols. The size of the maximum binding sites was in the order SC 115, CS 1 and CS 2. Inhibition experiments revealed that the binding to 3H-R 1881 in cytosols of these tumors was attributable to the androgen receptor. The amount of the androgen receptor in cytosols was decreased at 1 hr after testosterone injection, then replenished gradually towards the pretreatment level. Depletion of the androgen receptor was dependent on the dose of testosterone administered. Multiple injections of testosterone depressed the replenishment of the receptor. Treatment with actinomycin D or cycloheximide did not alter the dynamics of the androgen receptor. Therefore, it was concluded that the depletion and replenishment of the androgen receptor in cytosols of the tumors were caused by receptor recycling. Because a similar pattern of depletion and replenishment of the androgen receptor was also observed in the less androgen-dependent tumors, the growth of tumors was felt to be unrelated to the receptor dynamics.
Animals↗
In vitro effect of androgen on RNA synthesis in nuclei from androgen-independent subline of Shionogi carcinoma (CS 2).
By serial transplantation of CS 1, a subline of Shionogi carcinoma SC 115, to female mice, another subline was obtained and designated CS2. The subline showed a complete loss of androgen dependency on the growth of the tumor. When male mice bearing the tumor were castrated and treated with testosterone, the activity of RNA polymerase I in isolated nuclei from the tumor hardly varied during the period of the experiments (36 h), while the activity of RNA polymerase II exhibited a transient increase (about 40%) at 6 h after the testosterone injection. The results, together with the previous ones showing 80% and 40% increases in RNA polymerase I activity at 24 h after testosterone administration in the case of SC 115 (androgen-dependent tumor) and CS 1 (less androgen-dependent tumor), respectively, indicate that the stimulation of RNA polymerase I activity by androgen in the tumor tissues is closely related to the androgen dependency on the growth of the tumors.
Androgens↗
[Five cases of malignancy in the cryptorchid testicles].
Five cases of testicular tumor which originated from cryptorchid testis are presented. One of these cases showed complete remission for 3 years by multidisciplinary therapy including lobectomy. In Japanese literature, we found 182 cases of testicular tumor originating from cryptorchid testis and 29 cases whose testicular tumor occurred after orchidopexy.
Adult↗
[Tumor marker in urology].
Tumor marker for tumors in urology has been widely used to testicular and prostatic tumors. A part of testicular tumor produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and HCG, thus these markers can not be used for early detection of disease. However, they are very useful in typing testicular tumor, and in monitoring a course of disease which produces them. beta-HCG seems to be more specific than HCG. In case of prostatic cancer, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) assayed immunochemically is sensitive and specific marker. Prostate antigen seems to be another excellent marker for this tumor, and this is well correlated with PAP. In reactivated case, tissue polypeptide antigen was elevated, suggesting use of this marker.
Acid Phosphatase↗
[Hormone-secreting testicular tumors. Morphological studies].
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Adolescent↗
Properties of two sublines derived from rat prostatic adenocarcinoma (Dunning R 3327 tumor).
Rat prostatic tumor (Dunning R 3327 tumor) is a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of Copenhagen strain rat; its growth is extremely slow and androgen-dependent. Two new sublines (Chiba University A and B; CUA, CUB) were obtained during passages; CUA, squamous cell carcinoma, grew at moderate speed, and CUB grew rapidly, being composed of spindle-shaped cells and large bizarre polygonal cells. Growth of CUA was slightly androgen-dependent, while that of CUB was independent of sex hormones. Activities of acid phosphatase were increased in both CUA and CUB as compared with the original R 3327, so the less differentiated sublines of CUA and CUB showed unusual progression. In contrast, activities of alkaline phosphatase in CUA and CUB were diminished as compared with that of the original tumor. Both androgen and estrogen receptors were detected in the cytosol from R 3327, but there was no detectable amount of androgen and estrogen receptors in CUA. CUB did not show any androgen binding but estrogen binding was observed in the cytosol, though estrogen did not have any detectable effect on the growth of this tumor.
Acid Phosphatase↗
[Serum CEA determination by polystyrene bead].
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Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
[Circle tube nephrostomy--designing of a circle tube and connector].
We performed circle tube nephrostomy in 17 patients using a newly designed catheter. The catheter which we called 'Chiba Nephrostomy Circle tube' consisted of a silicon tube which has three holes in the middle portion, and a metal connector. The renal function recovered to normal in 12 of the 17 patients (recovery rate 71%), improved in 4 (24%), and remained unchanged in only one patient. Although temporal urinary leakage occurred in 5 patients (29%), there were no serious complications with this newly designed tube. Furthermore, pyelonephritis, renal bleeding and urolithiasis, which occasionally occur by single nephrostomy, did not occur with this method. Thus, we proved the clinical usefulness of the newly designed circle tube.
Aged↗
[Studies on tumor markers using new anti-carbohydrate antibodies].
Reactivity of an antiserum against Fucose alpha-1 leads to 3 galactose linkage conjugated with bovine serum albumin to human colon adenocarcinoma was examined by indirect immunofluorescence using the frozen section of the specimen. Out of 30 cases examined, 22 cases expressed the antigen recognized by the antiserum, while non-carcinoma region was reactive in no case. Thus, the antigen (termed as FG 3 antigen) may be expected to be valuable in immunological diagnosis and even in immunotherapy of colon cancers.
Adenocarcinoma↗
A new fucosyl antigen expressed on colon adenocarcinoma and embryonal carcinoma cells.
Carbohydrate antigens on the surface of mammalian cells have recently gained renewed interest because some are specifically expressed at certain stages of cellular differentiation. Most of the useful antibodies detecting such carbohydrate antigens have been monoclonal antibodies produced by the hybridoma technique using whole cells as the immunogen or the antibodies in the sera of some of human patients. Here we report that an antiserum raised against an unusual carbohydrate linkage prepared by organic synthesis can preferentially react with certain tumour cells. Thus, an antiserum against the Fuc alpha l leads to 3Gal linkage reacted with human colon adenocarcinoma cells and murine teratocarcinoma cells but reacted only with severely restricted regions in normal tissues.
Adenocarcinoma↗
New carbohydrate antigen found in large glycopeptides of teratocarcinoma cells.
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Acetylgalactosamine↗