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Biomedical subjects

T Miyano

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyano.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Investigation of serum bile acids; seven patients with Alagille syndrome.

To clarify whether an abnormal bile acid pattern has a role in the pathogenesis of Alagille syndrome, we compared serum bile acid patterns in seven with Alagille syndrome with those of patients with congenital biliary atresia (CBA), neonatal hepatitis (NH) and normal infants. Of the seven patients with Alagille syndrome, four patients were younger and three were older than 1 year. The mean total serum bile acid level in the infants was higher than in older subjects. There was a dissociation between the levels of serum total bile acid and bilirubin in three of the seven cases. The mean total bile acid levels in serum were in the following decreasing order: CBA, Alagille syndrome, NH and controls. The ratio of cholate to chenodeoxycholate in the younger patients with Alagille syndrome was significantly higher than CBA (P less than 0.001). However, no specific bile acid pattern was found in Alagille syndrome by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A study of patients with long-term bile flow after hepatic portoenterostomy for biliary atresia.

Thirty-five cases of biliary atresia that demonstrated the creation of internal fistula between intrahepatic bile ducts at the portahepatis and intestine and showed long-term bile flow after our hepatic portoenterostomy were investigated from various aspects. These 35 cases were divided into Group A cases, in which jaundice disappeared within three months after surgery, and Group B cases, in which persistent jaundice was seen more than three months after surgery. (1) Severe liver fibrosis and degeneration of intrahepatic bile ducts were more often seen in Group B cases than in Group A cases. (2) The age at the time of surgery and the size of intrahepatic bile ducts at the portahepatis did not have much influence on the operative results in those 35 cases. (3) Measurement of the amount of bile flow and bile acid excretion obtained from Suruga II enterostomy is useful for evaluating the postoperative results of biliary atresia patients. (4) Reoperation that includes curettage and rehepatic portoenterostomy, and serious postoperative ascending cholangitis were each closely related to postoperative persistent jaundice.

Bile↗
PubMed1985

New operative technique for Hirschsprung's disease.

A new technique for definitive surgery in Hirschsprung's disease is described. After transection of the rectum at 2 cm above the peritoneal reflection, the distal rectum is incised laterally on both sides in a longitudinal direction half way to the anus. The mucosal lining of the anterior rectum is partially removed. The posterior portion of the rectum is divided into two flaps by sagittal incision up to the mucocutaneous junction of the anus, which are then reflected and everted through the anus. The proximal colon is then pulled through, exteriorizing 5 cm of ganglionic colon. The exteriorized colon is resected two weeks later. Nine cases were operated upon by this technique. The postoperative results were satisfactory in all cases.

Colon↗
PubMed1985

Structural study of a new antitumor antibiotic, kazusamycin.

The structure of a new antitumor antibiotic, kazusamycin produced by Streptomyces sp. No. 81-484, was determined on the basis of its spectral and chemical properties. Kazusamycin has a structure characteristic of an unsaturated, branched-chain fatty acid with a terminal delta-lactone ring.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1985

Bile pancreatitis.

Bile pancreatitis was studied both macropathologically and histopathologically in cases with an abnormal pancreatic choledochoductal junction, in which free communication between the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct occurred. The intraductal pressure of the pancreatic duct is normally higher than that of the bile duct, therefore, the pancreatic juice flows into the bile duct. In this study, we found squamous carcinoma cells from an adeno-squamous cell carcinoma of the gall-bladder in the main pancreatic duct. Hence, the possibility of bile reflux into the pancreatic duct was also considered. Outstanding findings, such as degeneration and disappearance of the pancreatic ductal epithelium, intraluminal aggregation of bacilli, and diffuse interlobular fibrosis were found in four of 15 cases with an abnormal junction. Similar ductal alterations and diffuse fibrosis were found neither in the controls nor in the remaining 11 cases. Therefore, it appears that pancreatic disorders due to the reflux of bile occurs in the presence of bacteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Transfer of antibiotics into the liver tissue of infants with hepatic dysfunction].

Transfer of antibiotic (cefmetazole, CMZ) into the liver tissues of the infant with hepatic dysfunction, 6 cases of congenital biliary atresia, 4 cases of congenital bile duct dilatation, 1 case of congenital biliary hypoplasia, hepatic hemangioma and umbilical hernia with congenital heart disease is reported here. CMZ level in the liver tissues with hepatic dysfunction shows extremely low. Our study revealed that poor transfer of CMZ into the liver tissues might be a main cause of the poor excretion of CMZ into the bile in case of jaundiced infant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Proflamin, a new antitumor agent: preparation, physicochemical properties and antitumor activity.

Proflamin is a new biological response-modifying antitumor agent. It was isolated from the culture mycelium of Flammulina velutipes (Curt. ex Fr.) Sing. by means of ion exchange column chromatography and molecular sieving. It is a weakly acidic glycoprotein containing more than 90% protein and less than 10% carbohydrate, and its molecular weight is 13,000 +/- 4,000. The antitumor effect of proflamin was studied with murine tumors. It was markedly effective against the syngeneic tumors, B-16 melanoma (B-16) and adenocarcinoma 755 (Ca-755). At a dose of 10 mg/kg po, the increases in median survival time of mice with B-16 and Ca-755 were 86 and 84%, respectively. Proflamin exhibited no cytocidal effect against the cultured cell lines in vitro. Oral administration of proflamin produced no lethal or any other apparent adverse effect in mice.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Hepaticportoenterostomy as surgical therapy for biliary atresia.

The Kasai I and Suruga I procedures are the most commonly reported surgical procedures used for the correction of biliary atresia. Clinical results are similar for these two procedures, but the Suruga I procedure is associated with a lower incidence of death due to ascending cholangitis. Postoperative care is an important consideration in choosing between these two procedures. The hepaticportocholecystostomy is associated with a decreased incidence of ascending cholangitis, however, it is only an option for a select group of patients. For all procedures mentioned, the level of transection of the bile duct remnant is crucial and pathologic confirmation of patency of the bile duct is helpful.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1984

Choledochopancreatic elongated common channel disorders.

A choledochopancreatic end-to-side ductal anastomosis was successfully performed in 40 puppies as an experimental animal model of choledochopancreatic elongated common channel disorders. Follow-up periods were up to 1 year after surgery. Fusiform dilatation was developed in all puppies. The dilatation was completed within 1 week after surgery and did not increase its size after that. Also, all puppies developed pancreatic juice reflux into the bile duct. As for the etiology of the dilatation of the bile duct, temporary stricture of anastomosis was a more important factor than the pancreatic juice reflux in our models. In the biliopancreatic juice, we found no significant change of bile acid analysis between the control and our operated puppies, but almost all pancreatic enzyme activities were elevated. Bile acid was considered to play an important role in the activation of pancreatic enzymes. Epithelial hyperplasia was the only significant pathological change in the bile duct wall. Definite chronic pancreatitis developed in one puppy 16 months after surgery and was considered to be caused by the reflux of bile into the pancreatic duct. The action of biliopancreatic juice to both the bile duct and to the pancreas was mild and chronic.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Experimental study of the pathogenesis of choledochal cyst and pancreatitis, with special reference to the role of bile acids and pancreatic enzymes in the anomalous choledocho-pancreatico ductal junction.

To investigate the mechanisms initiating pancreatic enzyme activation followed by the development of a choledochal cyst and/or pancreatitis under anomalous choledocho-pancreatic ductal junction (ACPDJ), choledocho-pancreatic end-to-side ductal anastomosis was successfully performed in 40 puppies as an experimental model of ACPDJ. As a result, reflux of pancreatic juice into the common bile duct readily and continuously occurred, and all pancreatic enzymes in bile obtained from the common bile duct were activated. Total bile acids increased about 2 months after surgery, and the ratio of taurodeoxycholic acid to total bile acids increased within the first months after surgery. Various degrees of common bile duct dilatation developed in all puppies within 7 to 10 days after the surgery, and no further dilatation occurred in the subsequent period. Histological change in the pancreatic duct was less prominent than that in the common bile duct, but histologically proved chronic pancreatitis was found in three of 23 sacrificed dogs, in which there was strong evidence of free and massive regurgitation of the bile-pancreatic juice mixture between the bile and the pancreatic duct systems. These findings in this experimental study constitute the first step to prove that ACPDJ, which is often found in patients with choledochal cyst, is an important etiologic factor not only for choledochal cyst but also for pancreatitis, and bile acids play an important role in the mechanism of pancreatic enzyme activation under the condition of ACPDJ.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A new antitumor antibiotic, kazusamycin.

A new antibiotic kazusamycin, was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. No. 81-484, which shows antitumor activity against experimental murine tumors. This antibiotic did not possess antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but showed strong cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells in vitro. The chemical and physico-chemical properties of kazusamycin suggest that the molecular formula of this antibiotic is C33H48O7 (MW 556).

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Use of live varicella vaccine in children with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma.

Live varicella vaccine was given to 7 children with acute leukemia and 1 child with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Seroconversion without any clinical reactions was observed in 4 children in remission from acute leukemia without interruption of anticancer medication. These children have been free from varicella for 5 to 11 months after vaccination. Mild to severe clinical reactions developed in 3 of 4 children who were receiving remission induction chemotherapy. It is concluded that live varicella vaccine is effective in children with acute leukemia without interrupting anticancer medication, but that it is not suitable for children with leukemia and lymphoma who are receiving remission induction chemotherapy with antileukemic agents.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1984

[Postoperative evaluation of renal function from the aspect of urinary concentration of cefmetazole in infants and children with vesicoureteral reflux and hydronephrosis. I].

The urinary excretion of cefmetazole (CMZ) which was administered intravenously from both kidneys (affected side and normal side) was studied separately after surgery in 11 infants and children (10 cases of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and 1 case of hydronephrosis due to pelviureteric obstruction). In kidneys with VUR of grade IIb to III degree, urinary concentration of CMZ showed rather higher than that we expected from their creatinine clearance. On the contrary in kidneys with VUR of grade IV degree and hydronephrosis, urinary concentration of CMZ showed rather lower compared to their creatinine clearance.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[The correlation between the biliary excretion of cefmetazole and the bile acid metabolism in postoperative patients with biliary atresia].

The correlation between the biliary excretion of cefmetazole (CMZ) and the bile acid metabolism was studied in 17 postoperative children with congenital biliary atresia. B (total bile acid value in bile)/S (total bile acid value in serum) ratio is the best indicator in order to evaluate the postoperative condition of the liver in patients with biliary atresia at this time, that is, the B/S ratio is lower, the condition of the liver is deteriorated. The biliary excretion of CMZ was closely correlated to the B/S ratio, that is, the B/S ratio is lower, the biliary excretion of CMZ is discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

A study on hepatic portoenterostomy for the treatment of atresia of the biliary tract.

The results of our investigation have shown the crucial points of hepatic portoenterostomy used by us which is different from Kasai's portoenterostomy. First, the dissection of the rudimentary extrahepatic bile duct should be performed under magnification. Second, the transection of the rudimentary extrahepatic bile duct should be done using the microsurgical technique. Third, histologic verification of patency of the rudimentary extrahepatic bile ducts with frozen section during the operation should be carried out and the transection should be repeated under microsurgical control until the patency of the intrahepatic bile ducts at the porta hepatis area is confirmed. Fourth, the opening of the jejunal loop should be anastomosed quite close to the cut edge of the rudimentary extrahepatic bile duct at the porta hepatis by removing the mucosa of the posterior aspect of the jejunal opening. Fifth, the Suruga II procedure has been extremely successful in decreasing the incidence of postoperative ascending cholangitis and in preventing death in those infants who have postoperative ascending cholangitis develop. Sixth, if bile flow ceases postoperatively in spite of the forementioned technical refinements, then the curettage procedure should be carried out to the anastomotic site at the porta hepatis in order to resume bile flow.

Biliary Tract↗