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T Miyamoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyamoto.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Expression of involucrin by ocular surface epithelia of patients with benign and malignant disorders.

PURPOSE: Keratinization of the ocular surface epithelium is associated with various disorders impairing vision. We immunohistochemically determined whether the ocular surface epithelia express involucrin, and whether its expression pattern may differ in benign vs. malignant disorders. Expression of cytokeratins was also examined to provide further information relative to the epithelial differentiation. METHODS: We evaluated 17 specimens; 6 specimens of the normal ocular surface epithelia, 3 specimens from cases of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 6 of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 2 of conjunctivae from cases of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK). RESULTS: Corneal epithelium exhibited intracellular immunoreactivity for involucrin. Four of the 6 specimens of bulbar conjunctival epithelium showed involucrin immunoreactivity in the perimembranous region, whereas the fornical conjunctiva was negative. Cornified envelope in SLK specimens was positive for involucrin. The CIN showed its immunoreactivity in the perimembranous region in all levels of the hyperproliferative epithelium without keratinization, i.e., similar to the bulbar conjunctiva. The neoplastic cells of well-differentiated SCC showed involucrin in the perimembranous region, and those of moderately- to poorly-differentiated SCC have involucrin in their cytoplasm. The expression pattern of cytokeratins was unrelated to grade of malignancy in ocular SCC. CONCLUSION: The epithelia of normal subjects and of CIN expresses involucrin without keratinization. In contrary, the keratinized SLK epithelium markedly expresses involucrin in the cornified envelope. The subcellular immunolocalization of involucrin in the ocular SCC may help in evaluating the differentiation, i.e., malignancy, of neoplastic cells.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases of fibrous humans lens capsules with intraocular lenses.

PURPOSE: We located immunohistochemically the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -1, -2, -3 and -9 and the tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP) -1 and -2 in the fibrous capsule of patients with intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS: During vitreoretinal surgery in 10 patients we obtained post-cataract surgery lens capsules with or without an IOL. The mean interval between the previous cataract operation and the extraction of the specimens was 35.2 months (range: 2-120 months). Circular sections of the anterior capsule with lens epithelial cells (LECs) were also obtained during cataract surgery. Specimens were processed for immunohistochemical identification of MMPs and TIMPs by light microscopy. RESULTS: While all the members of MMPs and TIMPs were not detected in the normal anterior capsules, they were detected in the ECM and/or LECs on the lens capsules extracted within 18 months after IOL implantations in all of the 4 patients, but were not observed in specimens obtained 18 months or longer postoperatively. In LECs of 1 capsule specimen 10 years postoperatively, MMP-1, but not other MMPs and TIMPs, was detected. CONCLUSIONS: MMPs and TIMPs were detected in the ECM and/or LECs on post-cataract surgery capsules. These proteins may be remodeling the newly deposited ECM and regulating LEC behavior on residual lens capsules in the early phase of healing after cataract surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Thyroid hormone regulation of apoptosis induced by retinoic acid in promyeloleukemic HL-60 cells: studies with retinoic acid receptor-specific and retinoid x receptor-specific ligands.

3,5,3'-Triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) potentiates apoptosis during the all-trans-retinoic acid-induced differentiation of promyeloleukemic HL-60 cells. We examined whether the retinoid receptor-specific thyroid hormone action is present during differentiation of HL-60 cells in this study. We used two distinct retinoid receptor agonists. T3 potentiates G1 arrest induced by Am80, a retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-specific agonist, but had no effect on G1 arrest induced by HX600, a retinoid x receptor (RXR)-specific agonist. Am80 alone induces the apoptosis, and T3 enhances it. Although HX600 alone fails to increase the apoptotic fraction, T3 enables the compounds to induce apoptosis. Am80-induced expression of CD11b, a marker for the differentiation, is enhanced by T3. However, T3 or HX600 or both do not affect the expression of CD11b. T3 does not alter the amount of mRNAs of various members of the bcl-2 family. T3, however, enhances the Am80-induced expression of bfl-1 and suppression of bcl-2. In contrast, T3 does not alter either bfl-1 and bcl-2 expression in the presence of HX600. Our observations suggest that cooperative action of T3 with an RXR-specific ligand is different from that with an RAR ligand in cellular apoptotic regulation and that thyroid hormone may be available as a chemotherapeutic agent in acute leukemia.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2000

Quantitative analysis of DNA binding affinity and dimerization properties of wild-type and mutant thyroid hormone receptor beta1.

Thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine [T3]) actions are mediated through binding of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) to specific DNA sequences (thyroid hormone response elements [TREs]) as monomers, homodimers, and heterodimers with thyroid hormone receptor auxiliary proteins (TRAPs). We quantitatively characterized dimerization of wild-type (WT) and mutant TRbetas by coimmunoprecipitation, and binding to DNA by electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays (EMSA). Binding affinities of TR retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXRalpha) heterodimers to DNA were determined by competing with excess nonradiolabeled TREs in EMSA. TRs in vitro synthesized in reticulocyte lysates (RL), and human RXRalpha expressed in a Sf9 cell-baculovirus system (BAC), were coincubated with 32P-labeled rat malic enzyme (ME), palindromic (PAL), or chicken lysozyme F2 (F2) TREs. The mutant TRbetas tested were R316H and G345R, which have nondetectable T3 binding and have previously been reported to show weak and potent dominant negative effect, respectively. Scatchard analysis showed no significant differences in Kas between WT and mutant TR-RXRalpha heterodimers binding to DNA. We measured affinity of heterodimerization between TRs and RXRalpha in solution in the absence of DNA, and by coimmunoprecipitation using anti-TRbeta1WT specific antibodies. 35S-labeled RL-RXRalpha was incubated with BAC-WT or TRbeta or R316H in the absence or presence of increasing amounts of nonlabeled BAC-RXRalpha. Displacement curves were obtained by counting radioactivity of precipitated 35S-RXRalpha, that was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and autoradiography. Kds of WT and TRbeta R316H heterodimerizing with RXRalpha were approximately the same. Binding affinity of TR homodimers for F2-TRE was studied because this TRE binds homodimers strongly. Scatchard analysis clearly showed that DNA binding affinity of BAC-WT homodimers did not differ with or without 100 nM T3, but maximal binding capacity (MBC) was reduced three-fold to fourfold in the presence of 100 nM T3. In contrast, BACTRbeta-R316H homodimers showed a fivefold reduction in DNA binding affinity for F2, both in the presence and absence of T3, and approximately the same MBC as WT in the absence of T3. Mutant RL-G345R homodimers showed approximately the same Ka as RL-WT homodimers for binding to F2 and the same MBC in the presence and absence of T3. These results indicate that (1) T3 reduced TRbeta homodimerization in solution but does not effect DNA binding of formed homodimers; (2) T3 does not influence DNA binding affinity of TR/RxR heterodimers; and (3) TRbeta mutant R316H homodimers have reduced DNA binding affinity but homodimerization and heterodimerization in solution does not differ from WT TRbeta.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The origin of slow potentials on the tongue surface induced by frog glossopharyngeal efferent fiber stimulation.

When the glossopharyngeal (GP) nerve of the frog was stimulated electrically, electropositive slow potentials were recorded from the tongue surface and depolarizing slow potentials from taste cells in the fungiform papillae. The amplitude of the slow potentials was stimulus strength- and the frequency-dependent. Generation of the slow potentials was not related to antidromic activity of myelinated afferent fibers in the GP nerve, but to orthodromic activity of autonomic post-ganglionic C fibers in the GP nerve. Intravenous injection of atropine abolished the positive and depolarizing slow potentials evoked by GP nerve stimulation, suggesting that the slow potentials were induced by the activity of parasympathetic post-ganglionic fibers. The amplitude and polarity of the slow potentials depended on the concentration of adapting NaCl solutions applied to the tongue surface. These results suggest that the slow potentials recorded from the tongue surface and taste cells are due to the liquid junction potential generated between saliva secreted from the lingual glands by GP nerve stimulation and the adapting solution on the tongue surface.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Lactobacillus flora in the cloaca and vagina of hens and its inhibitory activity against Salmonella enteritidis in vitro.

Lactobacilli in the cloaca and vagina of 40 normal laying hens were investigated quantitatively and qualitatively, and their ability to inhibit growth of Salmonella enteritidis (SE) was examined using a spot-the-lawn technique. All samples of cloacal contents and half the samples of vaginal mucus were positive for lactobacilli. The means +/- SD of total Lactobacillus counts in the cloaca and those in the vagina were log10 5.5 +/- 1.1 and 2.5 +/- 2.6 cfu/g, respectively. In the cloaca, Lactobacillus acidophilus was isolated from 92.5% of hens, and Lactobacillus salivarius was isolated from 85.0% of hens, whereas Lactobacillus fermentum was isolated from only one hen. In the vagina, L. acidophilus and L. salivarius were isolated from 42.5% of hens. In the inhibition assay in vitro, all strains of Lactobacillus from cloacal contents and vaginal mucus inhibited growth of SE. There was a wide range of the inhibitory activity even in the same species. No difference of the growth inhibition zone was observed between lactobacilli from cloaca and those from vagina. The present study suggested that lactobacilli in the cloaca and vagina of hens might have a protective effect against SE colonization.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and nitroxy groups on human coronary resistance vessels in vitro.

We investigated the interaction between nitroxy groups and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to assess the role of sulfhydryl groups and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels in vasodilation of human coronary resistance vessels in vitro. Coronary resistance vessels were resected from the right atrial appendage of 27 patients undergoing open heart surgery. The vessel ends were inserted into a microglass pipette with the internal pressure maintained at 40 mm Hg. Nitroglycerin did not change the vasoresponse, whereas nicorandil induced a concentration-dependent vasodilation that was not affected by methylene blue, but was markedly inhibited by glibenclamide. The ACE inhibitors, captopril, with a sulfhydryl group (1 x 10(-6) M), and enalaprilat, without a sulfhydryl group (1 x 10(-6) M), were added to either nitroglycerin or nicorandil to assess the incremental response of the sulfhydryl group to vasodilation. The addition of captopril or L-cysteine (1 x 10(-6) M) enhanced the activity of both nitroglycerin and nicorandil, whereas addition of enalaprilat did not. The responses of nicorandil and nitroglycerin to captopril and were similar. Cromakalim was not enhanced by L-cysteine or captopril. The response of nitroglycerin was not enhanced by captopril or L-cysteine after addition of N(G)-monomethyl-L-ARGININE (L-NMMA). Both nitroglycerin and nicorandil exhibited an increase in vasodilation in the presence of an ACE inhibitor containing a sulfhydryl group. The mechanism of the vasodilatory action in the coronary resistance vessels may involve the opening of an ATP-sensitive potassium channel and subsequent guanylate cyclase activation. These interactions have important clinical implications.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed2000

Role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury.

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is involved in intracellular signals that regulate a variety of cellular responses during inflammation. However, the role of p38 MAPK in atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disorder, remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of p38 MAPK in the development of neointimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that p38 MAPK was rapidly activated in the majority of medial cells in injured arterial walls. Rats treated with FR167653, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, at a dosage of 10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), had a 29.4% lower intima-to-media ratio than the untreated controls at 14 days after balloon injury (P:<0.05). The percentage of proliferating nuclear antigen-positive cells in the media at 48 hours was significantly lower in the FR167653-treated group than in the control group. Quantitative competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that interleukin-1beta mRNA expression in arteries was significantly inhibited by FR167653 (to 18.1% of control, P:<0.05) at 8 hours after balloon injury. Moreover, p38 MAPK activation and interleukin-1beta production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells were inhibited by FR167653 in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. These results indicate that p38 MAPK is activated in vascular walls after injury and promotes neointimal formation and suggest that selective inhibition of p38 MAPK may be effective in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed2000

A missense mutation G2320R in the thyroglobulin gene causes non-goitrous congenital primary hypothyroidism in the WIC-rdw rat.

A convincing line of evidence is being developed that the congenital nongoitrous hypothyroidism and dwarfism observed in the WIC-rdw rat may indeed be caused by a primary defect in thyroid hormonogenesis. In support of this hypothesis, several recent reports have shown the presence of elevated molecular chaperone levels in the WIC-rdw thyrocytes, the endoplasmic reticulum of which was markedly dilated, suggesting a defect in intracellular protein transport. Here the studies were undertaken to identify the precise molecular defect in the WIC-rdw rat. First, the genetic linkage analysis revealed that the rdw locus was on rat chromosome 7 and was identical to the thyroglobulin (Tg) gene locus. Moreover, the Tg protein level was reduced in the WIC-rdw thyroid despite a similar level of the Tg gene transcripts that were indistinguishable in their size from the normal. Next, the complete sequencing of the rdw and the normal rat Tg cDNAs revealed a single nucleotide change, G6958C, resulting in a G2320R missense mutation in a highly conserved region of the Tg molecule. Finally, transient expression of the intact Tg cDNA containing the rdw mutation in the COS-7 cells showed no detectable Tg in the secreted media, indicating a severe defect in the export of the mutant Tg. Together, our observations suggest that a missense mutation, G2320R, in the Tg gene is responsible for the rdw mutation in the WIC-rdw rat.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Comparison of a Ca(2+)-gated conductance and a second-messenger-gated conductance in rat olfactory neurons.

The effect of a rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was analyzed in isolated rat olfactory neurons using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Intracellular dialysis of 1 mmol l(-)(1) Ca(2+) in a standard-K(+), low-Cl(-) internal solution (E(Cl)=-69 mV) from the patch pipette into the olfactory neurons induced a sustained outward current of 49+/-5 pA (N=13) at -50 mV in all the cells examined. The outward currents were inhibited by external application of 100 micromol l(-)(1) 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid (NPPB). External application of a Ca(2+) ionophore, 3 micromol l(-)(1) ionomycin, induced an inward current in three of eight cells whose voltages were clamped using the gramicidin-perforated technique, but ionomycin elicited an outward current in the other five cells, suggesting that natural intracellular Cl(-) concentration in the olfactory neurons was heterogeneous. While intracellular dialysis of 50 micromol l(-)(1) inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (1,4,5-InsP(3)) in the standard-K(+), low-Cl(-) internal solution induced the NPPB-sensitive outward current in 31 % of cells, and 500 micromol l(-)(1) cAMP induced it in 21 % of cells, a large proportion of the cells displayed an inward current in response to 1,4,5-InsP(3) and cAMP. The results suggest that 1,4,5-InsP(3) and cAMP can elicit Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) conductance and Ca(2+)-independent cation conductance in rat olfactory neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Constituents of holothuroidea.9. Isolation and structure of a new ganglioside molecular species from the sea cucumber Holothuria pervicax.

A new ganglioside molecular species, HPG-7 (1) was obtained from the polar fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the sea cucumber, Holothuria pervicax. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structure of 1 was determined, and the major component was 1-O-[alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl) - (2-->11)-(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->4)-(N-acetyl -alpha-D- neuraminosyl)-(2-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-(2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2R)-2- hydroxytetracosanoylamino]-14-methyl-hexadecane-1,3,4-triol. This is the first report on the isolation and structure elucidation of trisialo-ganglioside from sea cucumber. 1 showed neuritogenic activity toward the rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC-12 cell.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Circulating hepatocyte growth factor as a marker of thrombus formation in unstable angina pectoris.

A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can detect 10 pg/ml of human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Circulating HGF was significantly higher in patients with unstable angina (296+/-184 pg/ml, mean+/-SD, n=36) than in healthy volunteers (201+/-64 pg/ml, n=250, p<0.0001). Individual concentrations exceeded the mean control value +2 SD (329 pg/ml) in 12 of the 36 (33%) patients with unstable angina. The present study indicates that this new, sensitive HGF assay can successfully detect thrombosis in patients with unstable angina.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Relative biological effectiveness of carbon ions for causing fatal liver failure after partial hepatectomy in mice.

To evaluate the acute phase damage to liver by carbon ions, BALB/c mice were irradiated with carbon ions or X-rays after two-thirds partial hepatectomy, and their survival was followed. The 50% lethal dose within 60 days (LD50/60) was 42.2 +/- 0.25 Gy (standard error) for X-rays, and 22.7 +/- 0.25 Gy for carbon ions. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of carbon ions was 1.86 (95% confident limits: 1.69-2.04) as calculated from the LD50/60. Mice irradiated at much higher doses, 60 Gy of X-rays or 24 Gy of carbon ions, showed significantly higher serum ammonia levels and lower serum albumin levels than normal, suggesting hepatic failure as a cause of death. Hepatocytes showed karyorrhexis and karyolysis in carbon ion irradiated and spotty necrosis in X-ray irradiated mice, suggesting nuclear damage. Mice irradiated with LD50 of X-rays or carbon ions had a remarkably lower bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index and mitotic index than control. Treatments with both BrdU and vincristine showed that none of the hepatocytes that synthesized DNA after irradiation completed mitosis, indicating G2 arrest. The liver weight of irradiated mice significantly decreased depending on the dose. Carbon ions as well as X-rays damaged hepatocytes directly and suppressed liver regeneration leading to fatal liver failure.

Ammonia↗
PubMed2000

Molecular cloning, overproduction and characterization of the Bacillus cereus IMP dehydrogenase.

The gene of IMP dehydrogenase of Bacillus cereus ts-4, a temperature-sensitive mutant of B. cereus JCM 2152, was subcloned and its sequence was analyzed. A B. cereus ts-4 DNA fragment of 2,065 bp containing the entire impdh gene and flanking regions was sequenced. The fragment contained an open reading frame of 1,527 bp encoding 509 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 55,390 Da. The impdh sequence of JCM 2152 was also analyzed by TA cloning using PCR products amplified with primers from B. cereus ts-4 impdh gene. The gene amplified by PCR was expressed in Escherichia coli using a pET17 x b expression plasmid. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the overproduced enzyme was identified as Met-Trp-Glu-Ser-Lys-Phe-Val-Lys-Glu-Gly-Leu-Thr-Phe-AspAsp-Val-Leu -Leu-Val- Pro. The overproduced enzyme was eluted at a molecular mass of about 225 kDa by gel filtration. The molecular mass of the subunit was estimated to be 56 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The overproduced enzyme was active against IMP, IDP, and ITP, and showed the highest activity at pH 9.5. These properties of the recombinant enzyme were almost identical to those of IMP dehydrogenase of B. cereus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Cryoprotective activities of group 3 late embryogenesis abundant proteins from Chlorella vulgaris C-27.

The nucleotide sequence of hiC12, isolated as a cDNA clone of hardening-induced Chlorella (hiC) genes, was identified. The clone encodes a late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein having six repeats of a 11-mer amino acid motif, although in a slightly imperfect form. To overexpress the hiC61) and hiC12 genes, their coding regions were PCR amplified and subcloned into a pGEX-1lambdaT vector. The HIC6 and HIC12 proteins were expressed as GST fusion proteins in E. coli, then purified. The two HIC proteins were found to be effective in protecting a freeze-labile enzyme, LDH, against freeze-inactivation. On a molar concentration basis, they were about 3.1 x 10(6) times more effective in protecting LDH than sucrose and as effective as BSA. Cryoprotection tests with five kinds of chain-shortened polypeptides, synthesized based on the 11-mer amino acid motif of the HIC6 protein showed that the cryoprotective activity decreased with a decrease in the repeating units of the 11-mer motif. In fact, cryoprotective activities of three kinds of single 11-mer amino acids were very low even at high concentrations. All the results suggested that the sufficiently repeated 11-mer motif is required for the cryoprotective activities of Chlorella LEA proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Study of lipid in the ear canal in canine otitis externa with Malassezia pachydermatis.

An epidemiological investigation of 120 canine otitis externa cases in 1,370 dogs was done on the incidence rate, ear pinna shapes, breeds and their relationships. Eighty-five cases (12.6%) in 672 dogs with pendulous ears and 35 cases (5.0%) in 698 dogs with erect ears had otitis externa, and the difference between them was significant (P<0.05). Ninety-five auditory cerumen specimens were cultured for Malassezia pachydermatis (M. pachydermatis) and analyzed for concentrations of major fatty acids. Although rates of cases positive for M. pachydermatis in both ear pinna shapes were almost the same, i.e. 55.2% in the pendulous group and 53.6% in the erect group, the average total fatty acid level of the pendulous ear group was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the erect ear group after dismissing extraordinary levels in the Siberian husky. Isolated M. pachydermatis strains were examined for the effects of fatty acid supplementation on their growth. The majority of the strains utilized fatty acids and grew faster in fatty acid supplemented broth. These results suggest that M. pachydermatis, the predominant causative agent of canine otitis externa, prefers the auditory canal of dogs with lipid-rich earwax and grows fast, but growth strongly depends upon the canine breed.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Distribution of cells immunopositive for AM-3K, a novel monoclonal antibody recognizing human macrophages, in normal and diseased tissues of dogs, cats, horses, cattle, pigs, and rabbits.

The monoclonal antibody AM-3K, which was developed using human pulmonary macrophages as the immunogen, immunocytochemically labels most human macrophages except for blood monocytes and dendritic cell populations. AM-3K also shows cross-reactivity in some animal species. To evaluate the usefulness of AM-3K, the present study investigated the detailed distribution of AM-3K-immunopositive macrophages in normal and diseased tissues of dogs, cats, horses, cattle, pigs, and rabbits. Zamboni's solution-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections were the most available for the immunocytochemistry with AM-3K. In all animal species examined, AM-3K labeled most macrophages in splenic red pulp, lymph node sinuses and thymus, and tissue macrophages in the interstitium of various organs and sites such as the kidneys, lungs, heart, pancreas, intestines, and skin. Alveolar macrophages and perivascular microglial cells were also immunoreactive for AM-3K. Interestingly, Kupffer cells of dogs, cats, and horses were labeled for AM-3K, but those of cattle, pigs, and rabbits were not. Furthermore, in tumor tissues and inflammatory lesions such as liver fibrosis and encephalomalacia that were obtained from dogs, infiltrating macrophages were stained with AM-3K, but not all infiltrating macrophages reacted to AM-3K. In addition, only 30-50% of pulmonary and peritoneal macrophages obtained from cats and dogs were reactive for AM-3K. AM-3K did not react with blood monocytes, dendritic cell populations, and osteoclasts. These observations indicate that AM-3K specifically labels most exudate and tissue macrophages in the animal species examined. However, the expression of antigens recognized by AM-3K on macrophages may be dependent on differential maturation stages or different functions evoked by some conditions. AM-3K immunoreaction products were seen on the cytoplasmic membrane of macrophages by immunoelectron microscopy. AM-3K would be useful for detection of macrophage populations in the animal species examined here.

Animals↗