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Biomedical subjects

T Miwa

Publications and source records attributed to T Miwa.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Identification of sequences necessary for packaging DNA into lambda phage heads.

Several species of DNA molecules are packaged into lambda phage heads if they carry the region around the cohesive end site of lambda phage (cos lambda). The minimal functional sequence around cos lambda needed for packaging was examined by cloning in pBR322. The results showed that the minimal region contained 85 bp around cos lambda; 45 bp of the left arm of lambda phage and 40 bp of the right arm. A 75-bp region located to the right of the minimal region seems to enhance packaging. A 223-bp fragment containing these regions can be used as a portable element for plasmid DNA packaging into lambda phage heads. Plasmid ppBest 322, a derivative of pBR322 carrying this portable packager and both amp and tet genes, was constructed. This plasmid is useful for cloning of large DNA fragments.

Bacteriophage lambda↗
PubMed1982

Studies on the reconstitution of macromomycin a d auromomycin from the chromophore and protein moieties.

The chromophores extracted from macromomycin (MCR) and auromomycin (AUR) with methanol had identical ultraviolet absorption spectra, antibacterial spectra and analytical profiles in high pressure liquid chromatography. The chromophore content of AUR was about 8 times higher than that of MCR. MCR reconstituted from the chromophore and protein fraction was identical with native MCR by Sephadex G-50 chromatography, ultraviolet absorption spectrum and antibacterial spectrum. The antibacterial activity of MCR and AUR was due to the chromophore; the protein moiety had no activity. However, the protein moiety enhanced the activity of the chromophore against Gram-positive bacteria, while it suppressed the activity against Gram-negative organisms. It also protected the chromophore from heat-inactivation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Factor(s) responsible for the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity of postmitotic granulocytes from normal individuals and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Using postmitotic granulocytes (PMGs) with low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity (NAP activity), factor(s) having the capacity to increase their NAP activity were examined in vitro. A high activity of the factor was demonstrated in the cystic fluid of a human squamous cell carcinoma, which is known to produce a large amount of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The NAP-stimulating factor increased NAP values both in PMGs from normal bone marrow and PMGs from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and NAP values in cells treated with the factor approached or rose above those of normal peripheral granulocytes after 48 hr of culture. The effect of the factor was specific in that the factor caused stimulation only in granulocytic series. These findings may indicate that increases in NAP activity reflect maturation or granulocytes and that low NAP activity of neutrophils derived from patients with CML is due to the immaturity of these cells. The relationship between the factor responsible for the increase in NAP activity and GM-CSF is also discussed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study on application of Nd-YAG laser radiation and electrocautery in canine gastric mucosa--magnified observations by dissecting microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and histological examinations.

The mucosal change, the depth of injury and the healing process in the canine gastric wall after Nd-YAG laser (YAG) exposure and electrocautery were studied comparatively by magnified observations. The results were as follows: 1. Mucosal changes caused by the YAG laser beam were more localized within the exposure area than those by electric current. 2. The depth of tissue damage to the canine gastric wall by YAG laser exposure was easy to control when compared to that caused by electrocautery. 3. The healing time of the ulcer caused by the YAG laser was shorter than that caused by high frequency current. 4. In the present study on the mucosal changes due to laser exposure and electrocautery using endoscopy, dissecting microscopy and SEM, it was found that these examinations appear to be helpful as experimental procedures to clarify the detailed appearance of the mucosal surface. It was suggested that endoscopic application of the YAG laser to the gastrointestinal tract was safe and effective when compared with other procedures which have been applied endoscopically for diagnosis and treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Esophageal ulceration in a patient with Behcet's syndrome.

The gastrointestinal manifestation of Behçet's syndrome including colitis and esophageal ulceration has been reported in the past few years. However, esophageal ulceration associated with Behçet's syndrome is a rare condition. There appears to be only seven reports of esophageal ulceration associated with Behçet's syndrome. We have recently observed esophageal ulceration in a 64-year-old male known to be on case of untreated Behçet's syndrome (three major symptoms), who presented with epigastralgia and transient substernal discomfort just after swallowing food. In this patient, endoscopic examination revealed multiple esophageal ulceration and kissing-type gastric ulceration. The esophageal ulcers were not improved by frequent antacid therapy for six weeks, while gastric ulcers responded well to the therapy. Steroid therapy was begun and esophagoscopy revealed scarred ulcers after only two weeks. Therefore, steroid hormone therapy was thought to be of benefit in this patient. Esophageal ulceration associated with Behçet's syndrome, a rare condition, is reported and discussed in accordance with some reviews previously reported.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

Gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin response to test meal in patients with gastric cancer.

Gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin response to test meals were examined in 110 patients with gastric cancer and a comparative study was made in accordance with depth of invasion, macroscopic shape, histological type, location and size of the lesion. Cases were classified into two large groups by the depth of invasion: early cancer (invasion was limited to the mucosa and submucosa) and advanced cancer (invasion reached the muscularis propria or deeper). Patients showed hypoacidity on the whole. Cases of early cancer showed significantly higher acid secretion than cases of advanced cancer, although no significant differences were observed in gastrin release. Among the cases of early cancer, cases of the elevated shape showed significantly lower acid secretion and higher gastrin release than cases of the depressed shape, and cases of the histologically differentiated type showed significantly higher acid secretion than cases of the undifferentiated type although no significant differences were observed in gastrin release. Among the cases of advanced cancer, cases with large carcinomas in the corpus tended to show low acid secretion and cases with large carcinomas in the antrum tended to show low gastrin release. High gastrin release was observed in cases of the Borrmann IV type with giant folds.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Relation between esophagogastric junction and esophageal function in patients with reflux esophagitis.

The relationship between the esophagogastric junction (Z-line pattern) and the functions of the esophagus was studied in patients with reflux esophagitis. We classified Z-line patterns as the Z0- type to Z4-type, depending on the shape and the level of the Z-line. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) was measured by the open-tip infusion method and the acid clearance test was performed by Booth's method (15 ml of 0.1 HCL). The following results were obtained: 1. LESP was 15.5 +/- 5.6 cmH2O (M +/- SD) in normal subjects (Z0-type), it was 10.3 +/- 2.9 cmH2O in the Z1-type, 9.5 +/- 4.9 cmH2O in the Z2-type, 9.4 +/- 4.1 cmH2O in the Z3-type and 7.6 +/- 3.4 cmH2O in the Z4-type. There were statistically significant differences between the Z0-type and the other Z-line patterns (p less than 0.05, P less than 0.05, P less than 0.025, and P less than 0.025, respectively). 2. Acid clearance was expressed as the time until the pH returned to 5.0 due to swallowing at one-minute intervals. The results of the acid clearance test were 11.4 +/- 3.0 min in the Z0-type 18.3 +/- 7.0 min in The Z1-type, 20.3 +/- 5.6 min in the Z2-type, 24.1 +/- 5.7 min in the Z3-type and 24.5 +/- 7.4 min in the Z4-type. Acid clearances were significantly delayed along with the Z-line pattern (P less than 0.025, P less than 0.005 and P less than 0.005, respectively). 3. The patients with hiatal hernia consisted of five cases of the Z3-type and six cases of Z4-type. They had low LESP and delayed acid clearance. As mentioned above, the results of LESP ad acid clearance test were well correlated with Z-line patterns in patients with reflux esophagitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Secretin].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1982

Epidemio-hygieological aspects of gastric neoplasms in aged patients.

A 100-year-old male who died of gastric carcinoma was discussed and illustrated epidemiohygieologically. According to dynamic population statistics of the Health and Welfare Ministry of Japan, 418 persons over the age of 100 years died in 1979. Among them, 157 (38%) died of cardiovascular diseases and 49 (12%) died of pulmonary diseases, but only six died of neoplasms including two with gastric carcinomas (0.48%). To our knowledge no such case has been reported previously in the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Gastric emptying in patients with gastric ulcers--effects of oral and intramuscular administration of anticholinergic drug.

In our previous report on gastric emptying, we noted that delayed gastric emptying might be one of the etiological factors of gastric ulcers. Gastric emptying was measured using the acetaminophen method. The gastric emptying value was indicated as "microgram/ml", the acetaminophen concentration 45 min after test meal ingestion. In this study, the effects of an anticholinergic drug on gastric emptying were investigated in gastric ulcer patients. Oral and intramuscular administrations of butropium bromide (BB) were studied. The following results were obtained; 1. Oral administration of 10 and 15 mg of BB accelerated gastric emptying to a statistically significant degree (p less than 0.05), compared with the placebo in delayed gastric emptying cases in a dose-dependent manner (r = 0.978). 2. Intramuscular administration of small doses of BB (0.25 and 0.5 mg) also accelerated gastric emptying in delayed gastric emptying cases, but in general, intramuscular administration of BB (0.25-2.0 mg/person) inhibited gastric emptying in a dose dependent manner (r = -0.999). 3. Intramuscular administration of BB (0.25-2.0 mg/person) inhibited gastric emptying in a dose dependent manner in rapid gastric emptying cases (r = -0.977).

Acetaminophen↗