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Biomedical subjects

T Mitsuoka

Publications and source records attributed to T Mitsuoka.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Well-controlled comparative study of the clinical effectiveness of intravenous mexiletine and procainamide on ventricular premature contraction.

In a well-controlled study the clinical efficacy of a single intravenous injection of mexiletine (3 mg/Kg) on ventricular premature contractions was compared with that of procainamide (10 mg/Kg) using continuous electrocardiographic recordings. Of the 56 subjects studied, 55 were analyzed. These consisted of 28 cases in the mexiletine group and 27 in the procainamide group. The backgrounds of both groups were considered to be equivalent. Effectiveness on VPC ("marked and moderate improvement", as judged by the subcommittee) was seen in 88% of the mexiletine group and 84.6% of the procainamide group. This difference was not significant. The duration of efficacy was almost the same in the 2 groups. Overall improvement was the same as improvement in VPC. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of side effects. Five patients in the mexiletine group and 3 in the procainamide group reported side effects. The main side effect was light-headedness in the mexiletine group and a decrease in blood pressure in the procainamide group. A decrease in blood pressure was observed in 1 case in the mexiletine group but this was restored by an intravenous infusion of noradrenaline. Mexiletine had little effect on blood pressure, while procainamide induced a drop in the systolic pressure. This difference was significant. Overall utility ("markedly and moderately useful", as judged by the subcommittee) was seen in 84.0% of the mexiletine group and 84.6% of the procainamide group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups. From the above results, it is concluded that mexiletine (3 mg/Kg) is as efficacious as procainamide (10 mg/Kg) in the treatment of VPC but that, unlike procainamide, mexiletine has little effect on blood pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

N-nitrosamine formation by intestinal bacteria.

N-Nitrosamine formation by various intestinal bacteria was investigated. N-Nitroso-dimethylamine (NDMA) formation by viable resting cells of Escherichia coli A10 was proportional to the incubation time and the enzyme concentration, while boiled cells were incapable of nitrosation. The enzyme was optimal at pH 7.5 and showed about the same specificities for dimethylamine, diethylamine, dibutylamine, di-isobutylamine, piperidine and pyrrolidine, but high specificity for morpholine. The intestinal bacteria harbouring nitrosating enzyme were mainly aerobic, i.e., Escherichia coli, Proteus morganii, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Only one of the 32 anaerobic intestinal bacterial species, i.e., Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, was positive. The enzyme activities of these nitrosating bacteria covered a range of 0.06-0.90 nmol NDMA formed per hour per mg protein. These results support the theory of enzymatic catalysis of N-nitrosamine formation by microorganisms and suggest the possibility of endogenous nitrosation in the digestive tract.

Dimethylnitrosamine↗
PubMed1984

Susceptibility of Bacteroides from swine abscesses to 13 antibiotics.

The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 129 strains of genus Bacteroides, isolated from abscesses in pigs, for 13 different antimicrobial agents were determined by an agar-dilution method under anaerobic conditions. Clindamycin, the most active antibiotic tested, had a median MIC of 0.8 micrograms/ml. Penicillin G, talampicillin, minocycline, chloramphenicol, and cefoxitin also inhibited all isolates at lower concentrations. Some isolates of B pyogenes were susceptible to gentamicin (MIC, 0.4 micrograms/ml), erythromycin (MIC, 0.8 micrograms/ml), cephalexin (MIC, 0.8 micrograms/ml), and cefoxitin (MIC, 3.2 micrograms/ml). Erythromycin, at a concentration of 3.2 micrograms/ml, was active against 70% of B suis tested, but it was less active against the other Bacteroides species. Some strains tested were resistant to streptomycin and neomycin.

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

Effect of Konjac mannan on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal carcinogenesis in Fischer 344 rats.

The effect of Konjac mannan (KM) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH-induced intestinal carcinogenesis was studied in male F344 rats. Rats were fed a diet containing 5% KM at 5 weeks of age. At 6 weeks of age, all animals were given a weekly intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg DMH/kg body wt for 13 weeks and autopsied 13 weeks after the last injection of DMH. The weight gain was lower in rats fed the KM diet than in rats fed the control diet throughout the experiment (P less than 0.05). The incidence of DMH-induced colon tumors was lower in animals fed the KM diet compared to animals fed the control diet (P less than 0.05). The number of colon adenocarcinoma per animal was also lower in animals fed the KM than in animals fed the control diet (P less than 0.05). However, the incidence of tumors of the small intestine did not significantly differ between the groups fed the KM and control diets. The present study demonstrated that colon tumorigenesis induced by DMH in F344 rat was inhibited by maintaining the KM diet.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1983

Influence of diets low in protein or lysine on the cecal flora of rats with reference to cecal contents.

To determine the effect of a certain diet on the intestinal flora of rats, the cecal flora of rats fed a low protein or low lysine diet was examined. Total counts of bacteria in the cecal contents of rats given the four kinds of diet (a normal protein diet, a low protein diet, a normal lysine diet and a low lysine diet) were not significantly different. The counts of Streptococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Clostridium perfringens in the cecal contents from rats fed the low protein diet were significantly lower than those from rats fed the normal protein diet. The count of Lactobacillus in the cecal contents of the low protein group were significantly lower than those of the control. But no significant difference was found between the levels of most of the free amino acids in the cecal contents of the low lysine group and those of the control group.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

D-lactic acidosis in two patients with short bowel syndrome: bacteriological analyses of the fecal flora.

Two cases of D-lactic acidosis associated with short bowel syndrome are described. The administration of kanamycin to the patients showed a decrease in D-lactate in blood and urine in parallel with disappearance of metabolic acidosis. Bacteriological analyses of the fecal flora showed an increase in Lactobacillus buchneri in the first patient and Lactobacillus fermenti IVa in the second; both bacteria were sensitive to kanamycin. Quantification of in vitro production of D-lactate by each species of bacteria isolated from the feces revealed that Lactobacillus produced more D-lactate than other species of bacteria. These observations indicate that Lactobacillus may play an important role in the induction of D-lactic acidosis in patients with short bowel syndrome.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1982

Effect of Konjac mannan on spontaneous liver tumorigenesis and fecal flora in C3H/He male mice.

The effect of Konjac mannan (KM) on spontaneous liver tumorigenesis and fecal flora was studied in C3H/He male mice maintained on a diet containing 10% KM. The weight gain in the 10% KM diet group was lower than that in a control diet group throughout the experimental period. At 12 months of age, the number of liver tumor nodules per mouse in the KM diet group was significantly lower than that in the control diet group (P less than 0.05). Frequency of occurrence of bifidobacteria and bacterial counts of enterobacteriaceae in the KM diet group were significantly higher than those in the control diet group (P less than 0.05). Thus, the present study demonstrates that dietary KM inhibited spontaneous liver tumorigenesis and altered fecal flora in C3H/He male mice.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

Influence of diets low in protein or lysine on the intestinal flora of chicks with reference to cecal contents.

To determine the effect of a certain diet on the intestinal flora of chicks, the cecal flora of chicks fed on a low protein or low lysine diet was examined. The cecal flora of chicks fed on the low protein diet was similar to that of chicks fed on a normal protein diet, but the total count of bacteria, Eubacterium and Enterobacteriaceae in the cecal content of chicks fed on the low lysine diet containing a formulated amino acid mixture minus lysine was significantly lower than that of chicks fed on the control diet. The total count of Lactobacillus in the cecum was remarkably reduced by feeding the amino acid diet, especially the low lysine diet. Levels of most free amino acids in the cecal contents of the low protein group were significantly lower than those of the control. Lysine, leucine, phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, glycine and tyrosine of the cecal contents in the low lysine group were significantly lower than those of the control group.

Amino Acids↗