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Biomedical subjects

T Minami

Publications and source records attributed to T Minami.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Increased group II phospholipase A2 in colonic mucosa of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

The immunochemical protein content of group II phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and PLA2 enzymatic activity were measured for colonic mucosal biopsy samples obtained from patients with either Crohn's disease of the colon or ulcerative colitis, and control patients without inflammatory bowel disease. Immunoreactive group II PLA2 (IR-PLA2 II) content and PLA2 activity in actively inflamed colonic mucosa of Crohn's disease patients were significantly higher than those in inactively inflamed mucosa of Crohn's disease patients and the colonic mucosa of controls. IR-PLA2 II content and PLA2 activity in severely inflamed mucosa of ulcerative colitis patients were significantly higher than those in the colonic mucosa of the controls. Mucosal PLA2 enzymatic activity was closely correlated with mucosal IR-PLA2 II content in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These results suggest that an increase in PLA2 enzymatic activity in inflamed colonic mucosa of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis was mainly attributed to increased protein content of group II PLA2, and that an increase in mucosal group II PLA2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Reduction of dental plaque deposition in humans by oolong tea extract.

The inhibitory effect of oolong tea extract (OTE) containing polymerized polyphenols on plaque deposition was examined in 35 human volunteers. Thirty-five human volunteers, aged 18-29 years, who received extensive oral prophylactic procedures were requested to refrain from all oral hygiene procedures for 4 days, and to rinse their mouth with 0.5 mg/ml OTE solution in 0.2% ethanol before and after every intake of food and before sleeping at night. No restriction regarding meals was given during the test period, except to refrain from teas or coffee. Plaque deposition was evaluated after disclosing the teeth with Erythrocin at the termination of this experiment. The study was repeated 1 week after the first trial, but only 0.2% ethanol without OTE was used for mouthrinsing in the second trial. OTE was found to significantly inhibit plaque deposition in volunteers, although mouthrinsing with OTE solution had no significant effect on the number of mutans streptococci in unstimulated whole saliva.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Nephrotoxicity induced by adenine and its analogs: relationship between structure and renal injury.

Twenty-four adenine analogs were administered to mice and the relationship between the structure of analogs and the occurrence of renal injury was examined. Plasma urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine levels were measured 24 h after oral administration of analogs. Both levels increased in the adenine-, 8-azaadenine-, isoguanine-, or 6-dimethyl aminopurine (6-DMAP)-administered group, but did not increase in the other analog groups. From light microscopy, the damages of tubuli, mainly of proximal tubuli, were observed in the kidneys of these four groups. The common property of these compounds is the strong basicity of nitrogen which binds the 6-position of the purine ring. Furthermore, UN and creatinine increased time-dependently with intravenous administration of isoguanine. When adenine was intravenously administered, UN slightly increased at 1 h, but creatinine was unchanged. No changes were observed in the 6-DMAP- or 8-azaadenine-administered group. The basicity of nitrogen which binds to the 6-position of the purine ring is thus considered to be related to the occurrence of renal injury with oral administration, and isoguanine has high affinity with the kidney.

Adenine↗
PubMed1994

Nephrotoxicity induced by a single dose of adenine: effects of 4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine and allopurinol.

The effects of allopurinol and 4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (4APP) on adenine-induced renal injury in mice were examined. Plasma urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine levels increased after the oral administration of adenine to mice. However, plasma UN and creatinine levels decreased inversely with the dose of 4APP when a different dosage of 4APP was administered together with adenine. Yet 4APP did not have any effect on the UN or creatinine levels when 4APP was administered after adenine administration. Plasma UN and creatinine levels increased in the allopurinol-administered group as in the adenine-administered group. Moreover, from light microscopic observation by hematoxylin-eosin staining, microvacuolic changes in the proximal tubuli were detected in the mouse kidney in the adenine-administered group, and epithelial cell loss, degeneration and microvacuolic changes in the proximal tubuli were observed in the mouse kidney in the adenine-and-allopurinol-administered group. However, there were no changes in the proximal tubuli in the mouse kidney in the adenine-and-4APP-administered group. These findings suggested that 4APP inhibits the action of adenine in the mouse kidney.

Adenine↗
PubMed1994

[Turcot's syndrome].

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Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1994

[Turcot's syndrome].

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Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1994

Gradient of mineral contents of vertebral column with special reference to intervertebral discs.

To study quantitatively the mineral elements in the vertebral column, we examined the vertebrae and intervertebral discs resected from three normal cadavers which died at middle age, by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The relative contents of calcium, phosphorus, and sodium in vertebrae were high in the order from cervical to lumbar vertebrae. The ratios of calcium per phosphorus were 1.80 +/- 0.25 in cervical vertebrae, 1.59 +/- 0.22 in thoracic vertebrae, and 1.23 +/- 0.24 in lumbar vertebrae. The ratio of cervical vertebrae was the highest among them. In regard to intervertebral discs, both the relative contents of calcium and phosphorus were very much higher in the intervertebral discs between the 4th and 8th thoracic vertebrae than the others.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1994

[A case of sudden death of a patient with hypopituitarism].

We report a 29-year-old woman who died due to pituitary insufficiency. After a normal delivery 2 years previously, she had suffered from amenorrhea and displayed decreased libido. She was discovered in convulsions by her husband when he returned home, and was admitted to an emergency hospital. Despite various treatments, she died. Her blood glucose level on admission was low, 32 mg/dl. Autopsy findings showed thin public hair and almost no axillary hair. The right and left adrenal glands weighed 1.7 g and 1.2 g, respectively. Histologically, the anterior pituitary gland showed severe bleeding and necrosis, and the middle lobe showed lymphocytic infiltration; the posterior lobe was almost normal. The adrenal glands showed marked atrophy of the cortex and deposition of calcium in the medulla. The thyroid gland, which weighted 15 g, showed diffuse interstitial lymphocytic infiltration, indicative of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Atrophy of the ovaries and uterine endometrium was also observed. These findings indicated that death had been due to pituitary insufficiency. The histopathology of the pituitary, which showed lymphoid hypophysitis, and its association with lymphoid thyroiditis suggested that the pituitary insufficiency was not due to ischemic injury after delivery, a condition which can result from massive hemorrhage, but rather had arisen as a result of an autoimmune process.

Death, Sudden↗
PubMed1994

[A case of ruptured left ventricular aneurysm due to syphilitic myocarditis].

This case involved a 20-year-old male who on May, 14, 1992, lost consciousness while working and went into a state of shock. He was taken to a hospital, where cardiac tamponade was diagnosed. He was later transferred to this hospital. Based on the results of echocardiography, coronary arteriography and left ventriculography, a ruptured ventricular aneurysm was diagnosed. The patient underwent emergency surgery. Serologic tests for syphilis performed at admission were definitely positive. Histopathological examination of the wall of the ventricular aneurysm disclosed fibrous myocarditis and peripheral coronary endarteritis accompanied by infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes. Immunohistological study revealed treponeme in the histiocytes of the aneurysmal wall. The diagnosis was a ruptured ventricular aneurysm caused by syphilitic myocarditis. Since the advent of penicillin therapy, cardiovascular syphilis, particularly syphilitic myocarditis, has become a rare disease. The chief interest of this case is that treponeme was detected in the lesion of myocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from human ileal mucosa.

We purified a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from human ileal mucosa to homogeneity. Its NH2-terminal amino acid sequence, amino acid composition, molecular weight, and elution behavior on reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography were identical to those of human group II PLA2 purified from synovial fluid or spleen. The ileal PLA2 preferred anionic phosphatidylglycerol as substrate. On immunoblot analysis, human ileal mucosa gave more intense immunoreactivity with anti-human synovial fluid PLA2 antibody, at the same position as the purified enzyme, than the cecal mucosa. Northern blot analysis also showed that the level of group II PLA2 mRNA in the ileal mucosa was greater than that in the cecal mucosa. The enzyme was rather uniformly distributed over the colonic mucosa, from cecum to sigmoid colon. These results indicate that the ileal mucosa contains group II PLA2, and that its expression in the ileal mucosa was higher than that in the colonic mucosa.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in the healing stage of mouse gastric ulcer.

The aim of this study was to clarify the involvement of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in gastric ulcer healing. For this purpose, light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical studies for bFGF were performed using an experimental gastric ulcer model of mice. Ulceration was induced by the application of acetic anhydride to the serosal surface of the body of the stomach. Stomach tissues were investigated of mice at 5 days and 3 weeks respectively after treatment and also of untreated normal mice. Five days after treatment an ulcer was seen in the stomach of the experimental mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that bFGF was localized in fibroblasts in the ulcer bed. The growth factor was distributed throughout the cytoplasm excluding organelles involved in the usual secretory system, such as rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and secretory vacuoles. bFGF was also detected in the nucleus. Three weeks after treatment the surface of the ulcer lesion was completely covered by regenerated epithelium. The stomach tissues were immunohistochemically negative for bFGF both inside and outside the scar region; untreated normal stomach tissues were also negative for bFGF. These results suggest that the growth factor plays important roles in gastric ulcer healing.

Acetic Anhydrides↗
PubMed1993

A case of cerebral glioblastoma with extensive cerebrospinal fluid dissemination: diagnostic value of immunohistochemical examination and MR imaging.

A 9-year, 6-month-old boy presented with peripheral-type multiple cranial nerve palsy due to extensive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dissemination of intracranial glioblastoma multiforme. Tissue obtained from biopsy did not stain for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The relationship between GFAP-negative tumor cells and extensive CSF dissemination agreed with recent reports. Magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium-DPTA enhancement clearly depicted not only the cranial meningeal dissemination but also spinal metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed undoubted usefulness in demonstrating disseminated glioblastoma.

Brain↗
PubMed1993

The effect of 4-aminopyrazolo(3,4-d) pyrimidine on mouse plasma alpha-amylase activity.

A single dose of 4-aminopyrazolo(3,4-d) pyrimidine (4APP), an adenine analog, was orally administered at various concentrations of groups of mice and after 24 h, the plasma-alpha-amylase activity and cholesterol levels had significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. There was no change, however, in pancreatic superoxide dismutase activity or the lipid peroxide level. Histologically, zymogen degranulation was found after a high oral dose of 4APP (175 mg/kg). The same decrease in alpha-amylase activity occurred in mice that had received ip administration of 4APP, and in mice that were pretreated with dimethyl sulfoxide. Based on these results, it appears that 4APP decreases plasma alpha-amylase activity dose-dependently, possibly by pancreatic injury, and that free radicals play no part in the observed changes.

Adenine↗
PubMed1993

Zinc deficiency exaggerates diabetic osteoporosis.

Streptozotocin diabetic rats showed an increase of bone fragility (11.9 +/- 2.1 kg/cm2 vs. 16.8 +/- 2.0, P < 0.005) which was normalized by insulin treatment (18.3 +/- 4.2), indicating that osteoporosis was induced in diabetic rats. The rats were fed a zinc-deficient diet (0.16 mg/100 g) or a control diet (5.2 mg/100 g). This mild zinc-deficient diet did not lower the serum zinc level. The cortical bone of diabetic rats was shown to be markedly thinner by microscopic examination of ground cross-sections of the tibia. Zinc deficiency induced a reduction in the calcium content of diabetic bone when compared with the rats on a control diet. Urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus was significantly increased in diabetic rats, and increased further when the rats were fed a zinc-deficient diet. Moreover. the bone calcium and phosphorus concentrations were significantly lower in these animals. These changes in the zinc-deficiency rats were not reversed by insulin treatment. Our findings suggest that osteoporosis in the diabetic rats was due to thinning of the bone cortex secondary to mineral loss and can be reversed by insulin treatment, and that these skeletal changes are greatly enhanced by mild zinc deficiency. In addition the effects of zinc deficiency cannot be completely reversed by insulin treatment.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Antigen profiles of Anaplasma ovis and A. mesaeterum and cross infection trials with them and A. marginale.

Antigen profiles of Anaplasma ovis and A. mesaeterum were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting, and cross infection trials were performed by A. ovis challenge to A. mesaeterum- or A. marginale-inoculated goats and A. marginale challenge to an A. ovis-inoculated calf. Antigen analysis showed unique and common proteins of A. ovis and A. mesaeterum and identified a major 38 kDa protein to be a dominant immunogen bearing two epitopes common to Anaplasma species. An epitope specific to A. ovis and A. marginale, absent from A. mesaeterum, was recognised on the major protein of A. ovis. Pre-inoculation of goats with A. mesaeterum induced continuous antibody response with low parasitemia and partial protection against A. ovis challenge, as demonstrated by lower peak parasitemia and normal body temperature compared with values for goats inoculated with A. ovis alone. Pre-inoculation of goats with A. marginale and a calf with A. ovis induced weak or no antibody response without parasitemia, and was of no effect for preventing anaplasmosis by heterologous challenge. These results suggest that the development of parasitemia is essential for inducing continuous antibody by which cross protection would be possible.

Anaplasma↗