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Biomedical subjects

T Miki

Publications and source records attributed to T Miki.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Calcium/calmodulin-mediated action of calcitonin on lipid metabolism in rats.

The effects of calcitonin on lipid metabolism were investigated in three kinds of rats, one strain of rabbits, and a primary culture of rat hepatocytes. In a short-term experiment, calcitonin decreased serum cholesterol and triglycerides after injection in rats on either an ordinary or high-fat diet. In a long-term experiment, calcitonin decreased the serum cholesterol and triglycerides in uremic rats, hypothalamic obese rats, and Watanabe-heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. In cultured hepatocytes, calcitonin reduced the incorporation of [14C]acetate into cholesterol and triglycerides in a dose-dependent way. Treatment with W7, a calmodulin inhibitor, overcame the decrease caused by calcitonin in serum lipids in rats and in the synthesis of triglycerides from acetate or palmitate in the hepatocytes, but did not alter the intracellular cAMP level or incorporation of [32P]Pi into PI in the cells. The results suggest that calcitonin lowers serum lipid levels and lipogenesis in hepatocytes in a calcium/calmodulin-dependent way.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of ultraviolet laser beam irradiation on rabbit cornea and lens].

Rabbit eyes were irradiated by an ultraviolet laser beam in with to investigate its effects on the corneal endothelium, thickness of the cornea, and lens. An Excimer laser beam (gas; XeCl) with wave length of 308 nm and with energy intensity of 0.02, 0.07, 0.2, 0.6, 1.7, 3.0, 4.0, or 5.1 J/cm2 was irradiated to the right eye using 3 rabbits for each energy intensity (24 rabbits in all) in order to examine changes occurring in the right eye compared with the left eye from immediately after irradiation to 32 days thereafter. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Corneal thickness UV laser beam irradiation at 0.02, 0.07, and 0.6 J/cm2 caused immediate thickening of the cornea (p less than 0.01). The cornea thickness returned to normal 14 days later. Irradiation at 3.0 and 4.0 J/cm2 resulted in remarkable thickening, which returned to normal 28 days after irradiation. By irradiation at 5.1 J/cm2, the corneal thickness increased markedly (0.333 +/- 0.019 mm in control eyes and 0.405 +/- 0.05 mm in irradiated eyes) immediately after irradiation. It tended to gradually return to normal and was reduced to the pre-irradiation thickness on the 32nd day after irradiation. 2. Corneal endothelial area and morphology (the number of angles) The area of the corneal endothelium increased after irradiation. However, no significant differences were noted at any energy intensity, because of the larger scattering of the values in the control eyes. The ratio of hexagonal cells tended to decrease even by energy intensities above 0.7 J/cm2. However, no significant differences were found at any energy intensity level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The current management of testicular cancer].

The dramatic improvements made in the management of testicular cancer provides one of the most advances in oncology over the last decade. Many developments in chemotherapy, particularly the introduction of cis-platinum, have been largely responsible for this dramatic improvement. Although 70% of patients with disseminated testicular cancer will achieve a disease-free status with PVB or VAB-6 therapy, there still remains a patient population eligible for salvage therapy. There are still about 30% of patients who have unresectable PR (or no response at all to primary chemotherapy) and another 10% who will relapse from a chemotherapy-induced CR. Approximately 20-40% of these refractory cases can be salvaged and potentially cured with cisplatin +VP-16 or VM-26 combination salvage chemotherapy. Furthermore 10-20% of these patients are eligible for salvage surgery when serum marker results are negative. The treatment goal for this disease is cure. To achieve disease-free status, an adequate combination of chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy is essential.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Loss of genes on the long arm of chromosome 22 in human meningiomas.

It has been proposed that loss of genes at specific chromosomal loci leads to tumorigenesis in some human tumors. This type of oncogenesis was first demonstrated in retinoblastoma and Wilms' tumor. Recently, it has been reported that acoustic neuroma, ductal breast tumor, and renal cell carcinoma may be caused by the same mechanism. Cytogenetic studies demonstrated that some meningiomas have monosomy of chromosome 22. In addition, human meningiomas are often associated with bilateral acoustic neuroma in which specific loss of alleles on chromosome 22 has been demonstrated. Then, we compared constitutional and tumor genotypes from 14 cases of sporadic human meningiomas, using four polymorphic DNA probes on chromosome 22 (SIS, D22S1, D22S9, IGLC). Loss of constitutional heterozygosity was found in three of 11 informative cases. Two of the three meningiomas maintained constitutional heterozygosity at the IGLC locus and another one showed no loss of heterozygosity at IGLC or D22S9. These results suggest that loss of genes on chromosome 22 caused by either a partial deletion or a mitotic recombination at a locus distal to D22S9 plays an important role in tumorigenesis of the human meningioma.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1988

[Matas procedure in the treatment of spontaneous carotid cavernous sinus fistula: a complication of retinal hemorrhage].

We herein report three cases of the dural internal type of spontaneous carotid cavernous sinus fistula (SCCF) which seemed to be improved by the Matas procedure. Sequential cerebral angiography revealed that thrombosis formation in the peripheral side of the draining vein resulted in a closure of the fistula. During this course of spontaneous regression, retinal findings were transiently exacerbated in some cases. The retinal hemorrhage seemed to be induced by central retinal vein occlusion and hypoxic retinopathy which preceded the spontaneous regression of SCCF. It was confirmed that the Matas procedure should be tried as the first choice for the treatment of SCCF, particularly in the dural internal type. However, fundus findings must be carefully monitored.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1988

Somatomedin-C and diabetic retinopathy.

To investigate the relationship between the plasma somatomedin-C level and diabetic retinopathy, especially in different stages of the disease, plasma somatomedin-C levels were measured in 72 patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus accompanied by or without retinopathy and in 37 normal control subjects. The stage of retinopathy was assessed by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. Plasma somatomedin-C levels were significantly greater in the diabetic patients with retinopathy than in the age-matched normal controls (P less than 0.01). Plasma somatomedin-C level in the patients with proliferative retinopathy was 0.60 +/- 0.30 (mean +/- SD) IU/ml (n = 24), which was significantly greater than that in the normal controls (0.41 +/- 0.18 IU/ml) (P less than 0.01). However, the patients in different stages of diabetic retinopathy did not differ significantly from each other in their plasma somatomedin-C levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Expanding the surgical indication to the cases with high risk valve diseases].

Four hundred and fifty eight cases of valve surgery were performed at this institution over the past 7 years, during which the surgical indication has been gradually expanded to cases of three types. The first type is serious disease complicated by cardiac cachexia; in these cases, in addition to the aggressive use of IABP, we also use the intrapulmonary artery balloon pumping (IPBP) technique we developed. IVH therapy for two months before surgery has been especially effective and given good results to cases with low liver function and low respiratory function. The second type consists of cases necessitating special surgical technique, for example, cases with very narrow valvular annuli and cases complicated by acute endocarditis. Good results have been obtained in the former with a new technique that we developed, called "Coupling Valve Grafting", and in the latter with a technique of "Collared Prosthesis". The third type is elderly patients aged 70 years or more. In particular, the greatest problem now seems to lie in low liver function of which ICG (15 min) is higher than 40% and total serum bilirubin is over 3 mg/dl; in these cases, progression to MOF is frequent and the patient's life is saved in only 40% of cases.

Heart Valve Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Anti-cancer drug sensitivity test against human testicular cancer xenograft--comparison with clinical results of chemotherapy].

The antitumor effect of vinblastine (VBL), vincristine (VCR), etoposide (VP-16), teniposide (VM-26), cisplatin (CDDP), CBDCA (JM-8, Carboplatin), CHIP (JM-9), DWA2114R and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on four human testicular cancers heterotransplanted in nude mice were studied. The treatments with CDDP, CBDCA or CHIP significantly reduced the transplanted tumors. Combination chemotherapy with CDDP, bleomycin and VBL or VCR or VP-16 or VM-26 also revealed significant tumor regression. The antitumor effect of TNF on human testicular xenografts was much more evident when it was given intratumorally than when given intravenously. Teratoma was resistant to TNF even when it was administered intratumorally. Those results are briefly discussed and compared with the clinical results of chemotherapy. Several problems in anticancer drug sensitivity test against human tumor xenografts are also discussed.

Animals↗