[Werner's syndrome and familial Alzheimer's disease].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Alzheimer Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
T Miki
Publications and source records attributed to T Miki.
[Mechanical dilation of the internal thoracic artery graft by using balloon catheter].
We evaluated the free flow of the internal thoracic artery grafts (ITA) which were dilated with a balloon catheter. Further, we examined the postoperative angiographic findings and histology of the ITAs by scanning electron microscopy. In 25 patients with internal thoracic artery grafting, the artery was dilated with a balloon catheter (Fogarty IMAG kit) that was withdrawn at tensions of less than 30 gm. The mean free flow rate of the left ITAs (LITAs) increased from 64.2 ml/min to 101.9 ml/min by injection of papaverine to ITAs (p < 0.05). The mean free flow rate of the balloon dilated LITAs were 160.8 ml/min which was significantly higher when compared with that of control and papaverine (p < 0.01, p < 0.01). The mean free flow rate of the balloon dilated right ITAs (RITAs) showed 183.2 ml/min, it was significantly higher (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) compared with that of control (78.4 ml/min) and papaverine (129.2 ml/min). Irregularity was documented in 16% of the ITAs in spite of the great patency rate (100%) from the postoperative angiogram. Using scanning electron microscopy, endothelial cell borders were well demarcated in the proximal portion of the dilated ITA. However, the distal portion of the endothelium displayed gradual destruction. Although mechanical dilation of the ITA graft by balloon calibration is very effective in increasing the free flow rate of ITA, we should be prepared for the intimal damage of the ITA graft.
Adult↗
[An experimental and clinical study of chorioretinal photocoagulation using a frequency-doubled Nd: YAG laser].
We developed a new frequency-doubled Nd: YAG laser system which works on 100 volts AC and emits continuous wave green laser light of 532 nm. Histological observation of rabbit eyes revealed no difference in chorioretinal lesions produced with the frequency-doubled Nd: YAG laser or with an argon green laser. This device was then clinically applied to 69 eyes of 59 patients with several disorders such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, Eales' disease, Coats' disease, age-related macular degeneration, lattice degeneration in the peripheral retina, macular hole, and retinal tear. The ophthalmoscopic findings showed no visible differences in the lesions made with this device or with the argon laser. No complications were observed in these patients except for one case of central retinal vein occlusion, which developed vitreous hemorrhage after the treatment. This solid-state laser system has some mechanical advantages over the gas laser, i.e. reduced cooling requirements, easy maintenance, and long life, and it is considered to be usable clinically.
Adolescent↗
[Multiple myeloma associated with diffuse parenchymal amyloidosis of the lung].
A 58-year-old woman was hospitalized in March, 1991, with slight breathlessness on exertion. Laboratory investigations revealed M-protein (IgG lambda type, 7,575mg/dl) in serum, and Bence-Jones proteinuria. Osteolytic bone lesions were noted roentgeno-logically. Bone marrow aspiration showed the presence of 19% of atypical plasma cells, and the case was diagnosed as multiple myeloma. The chest X-ray film showed bilateral diffuse micronodules, which were found by a transbronchial lung biopsy to be diffuse parenchymal amyloid deposits. The patient was treated with melphalan, prednisolone and interferon-alpha for 6 courses. Clinical symptoms improved but no decrease of the level of M-protein was observed. The patient is still alive without changes of pulmonary shadows on X-ray films for the past 2 years.
Amyloidosis↗
[Advantages in combination chemotherapy using the camptothecin analogue CPT-11 and cisplatinum analogues for human testicular cancer xenografts].
The antitumor effects of combination chemotherapies using CDDP and the camptothecin analogue CPT-11 were compared with those of vinca alkaloids or podophyllotoxins, and those of CPT-11 and cisplatinum analogues were also estimated. Two human testicular cancer xenografts (TTSC -2 and TTSC-3) heterotransplanted in nude mice were used. Combination therapy with CPT-11 and CDDP resulted in significant tumor regression and was much more effective than that of CDDP and vinca alkaloids or podophyllotoxin. The combination of CPT-11 and either CDDP or 254-S was significantly more effective than that of CPT-11 and either carboplatin or DWA2114R. Four evaluable refractory testicular cancers were treated with combination chemotherapy with CPT-11 and CDDP or 254-S as third line chemotherapy. Two patients remain alive and disease free and two patients died of disease. We concluded that the present combination is active in refractory testicular cancer.
Animals↗
[DNA diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy in a family].
Myotonic Dystrophy (MyD) is the most common form of muscular dystrophy affecting adults. Recently a heritable unstable DNA sequence containing CTG repeat in the region associated with MyD was detected. We have analyzed DNA from the members of an MyD family using Southern hybridization and PCR method. Unaffected individuals of this family had no expansion of unstable DNA sequence after EcoRI and BglI digestion and had CTG repeats under 12, while affected individuals had more than 0.2 kb expansion of DNA sequence and had over 50 CTG repeats. We confirmed that the length of unstable MyD region correlated with severity of the disease in a family and that the diagnosis of MyD had been improved by development of DNA probes for the CTG repeats.
Adult↗
[Comparative study in graft patency of individual and sequential grafting as coronary bypass].
We analyzed the graft patency rates of the individual saphenous vein graft (SVG) group and those of the sequential SVG group. In the individual SVG group, 184 SVGs were anastomosed to 184 coronary arteries. Twenty-six SVGs were used sequentially to 52 coronary arteries in the sequential group. The patency rates of all the SVGs in both groups showed no significant differences. The patency of left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), right coronary artery (RCA) and diagonal branch (Dx) was 96%, 67%, 90% and 63% respectively in the individual SVG group. In the sequential SVG group, the patency rates of LCX (95%) were much higher than those (67%) of the individual SVG group (p < 0.05). The patency rates of side-to-side anastomoses (SSAs) were 92% and those of the distal end-to-side anastomoses (ESAs) were 96% in the sequential SVG group. There were no significant differences between SSAs and ESAs. While, the patency rates of SSAs-Dx, ESAs-Dx, SSAs-LCX and ESAs-LCX were 89%, 100%, 100%, and 93% respectively in the sequential SVG group. There were no significant differences between two groups. These results showed that the sequential grafting is useful and effective for LCX coronary arteries in coronary artery bypass surgery. In conclusion, it seems that in LCX coronary arteries, the patency rates obtained by the sequential SVG technique are better than those obtained by using the individual SVG technique.
Coronary Artery Bypass↗
[Quantification of indocyanine-green enhancement of diode laser photocoagulation].
The enhancement by indocyanine-green (ICG) of diode laser photocoagulation was quantified. Since ICG concentration in blood increases and decreases rapidly after a single injection, it is difficult to quantify the exact enhancing effect of ICG. A steady-state plasma concentration (about 30 micrograms/ml) of ICG was achieved by injection of 2.5 mg/kg of ICG followed by continuous injection of 0.45 micrograms/kg/min of ICG. The threshold energy values to obtain grayish white retinal burn or choriocapillary occlusion were evaluated at this steady concentration of ICG, and compared with the values in the absence of ICG. The use of ICG decreased the energy values 7% for retinal burn and 8% for choriocapillary occlusion. Although the total dosage of ICG during the continuous injection was high, the enhancement of retinal burn and choriocapillary occlusion was small.
Animals↗
[Indocyanine green angiography of experimental concussion necrosis in rabbit eyes].
Retinal opacity was experimentally induced by blunt trauma to pigmented rabbit eyes, and the lesions of severe traumatic retinal opacity (experimental concussion necrosis) where leakage of florescence was observed in conventional fluorescein (FLUO) fundus angiography were further examined by indocyanine green (ICG) angiography to study circulatory disturbances. Immediately after the trauma, as in our previous report on the lesion of retinal opacity where no FLUO leakage was observed, there was a delay in choroidal inflow with its peak around the point where choroidal arteries branched off from the ciliary arteries, and ICG leakage due to breakdown of the large choroidal vessels. In addition, regions showing ICG leakage were nearly coincident with those showing FLUO leakage. Observation by light microscope revealed irregular caliber of choriocapillaries (CCs) and marked dilation of the choroidal small vessels connected to the CCs. These findings were consistent with previous reports that ICG leakage occurs where there is choroidal vascular damage. Thus, the lesions are indicative of impaired barrier function of the retinal pigment epithelium and increased CCs permeability. We concluded that concussion necrosis is a combined result of direct physical damage to the outer retina and severe impairment of choroidal circulation.
Animals↗
[Study of retinal correspondence in esotropia with phase difference haploscope].
There is some concern regarding the evaluated depth of anomalous correspondence, because we often experience paradoxical results. We have already reported that, in intermittent exotropia, we sometimes found dual correspondence with a phase difference haploscope (PDH) reducing the stimulus intensity of either image with a series of neutral density filters. In this study, we analyzed the retinal correspondence in esotropes with the same procedure. 27 esotropes were examined. 11 cases had normal correspondence and 16 cases anomalous correspondence in PDH. All of the 11 normal correspondence cases retained normal correspondence when we reduced the stimulus intensity of either image of fixating eyes or squinting eyes. In the 16 anomalous correspondence cases in PDH, 2 cases showed normal correspondence when the stimulus intensity of the fixating eyes was reduced. On the other hand, 3 cases showed normal correspondence when the stimulus intensity of the squinting eyes was reduced. In fixed heterotropia, both the fovea and the part of the retina of the squinting eye which received the same images as the fovea of the fixating eye (fixating point), were suppressed by the fixating eye. We consider that, in some cases with anomalous retinal correspondence in PDH, when the stimulus intensity of the fixating eyes or the squinting eyes is reduced, the balance of the sensitivity of the foveas and the fixating points of the squinting eyes change, and show normal correspondence.
Adolescent↗
[Clinical preeminence of single aortic cross-clamping for proximal anastomoses in coronary artery bypass surgery].
We evaluated the preeminence of the construction of proximal anastomoses during single aortic cross-clamping periods in coronary artery bypass surgery. Twenty-six patients were divided into two groups; single aortic cross-clamping (SAX) group: 13 patients, partial aortic clamping (PAC) group: 13 patients. In this study, these two groups were compared in terms of aortic cross-clamping time (AXT), total extracorporeal circulation (ECC) time (TECCT), ECC weaning time (WT), amount of cardioplegic solution, total levels of serum CPK and CPK-MB, and graft patency. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and chi-square test. AXT was longer in the SAX group compared with the PAC group (78.2 +/- 5 versus 63.2 +/- 4 min; p < 0.05). TECCT (120.4 +/- 6 versus 109 +/- 5 min) and WT (37.4 +/- 2 versus 41 +/- 2 min) were not significant between the two groups. The total amount of cardioplegic solution was greater in the SAX group compared with the PAC group (1100 +/- 60 versus 927 +/- 43 ml; p < 0.05). The levels of serum CPK and CPK-MB were a little lower in the SAX group, but there were no significant differences between the SAX group and the PCA group. The graft patency of both two groups were excellent. From these results, SAX is not critical in the routine of coronary artery bypass surgery. Clinically, the SAX technique allows us to select more suitable areas of the ascending aorta for placement of all the proximal grafts if the ascending aorta is short.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anastomosis, Surgical↗
[A case of left atrial ball thrombus].
A 76-year-old man admitted to one hospital complaining of transient left hemiparesis. Because of arrhythmia, he was examined by an echocardiogram and found to have an oval free-floating thrombus in his left atrium concomitant with mitral stenosis. He was transferred to our hospital for emergency surgery. On operation, a 3 x 4 cm ball thrombus was removed and diseased mitral valve was replaced with a SJM prosthetic valve. His postoperative course was relatively uneventful. Though left atrial ball thrombus is rarely found among the patients with mitral valve disease, when left atrial ball thrombus is found, immediate surgical intervention is recommended to avoid sudden death.
Heart Atria↗
[Advances in molecular genetics of myotonic dystrophy].
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is the most common muscular dystrophy affecting adults among Caucasian and Japanese populations, with an average incidence of 12.5 in 100,000 in Caucasians and 5.5 in 100,000 in the Japanese. Recently the DM gene was cloned and characterized showing homology with the family of serine-threonine protein kinase. In DM patients expansion of an unstable trinucleotide CTG repeat, located within the 3' untranslated region of DM kinase gene, is involved. In this review we outline the molecular biological aspects of DM including DNA diagnosis, anticipation, differences between paternal and maternal transmission, founder chromosome and expression of the gene.
Blotting, Southern↗
[Prosthetic valve endocarditis after double valve replacement].
This is a report of a patient who underwent re-AVR due to prosthetic valve endocarditis after double valve replacement (MVR, AVR). A 54-year-old female was admitted to other hospital on April 14, 1990, because of high fever, progressive anemia, and cardiomegaly. The patient was hospitalized to our department urgently with the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis. Arterial blood culture grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Echocardiography showed a vegetation at the disc of the mechanical valve in the mitral position, but we could not find any vegetation or thrombus there at the reoperation, and the aortic mechanical valve seemed to be intact. Signs of inflammation continued to be positive after reoperation. On the 33rd hospital day, a diastolic murmur was heard, and emergency cardiac catheterization was done. Detachment of the prosthetic aortic valve and rupture of the sinus of Valsalva due to mycotic aneurysm, and the dissection of the aorta had occurred. We performed re-AVR and replacement of the ascending aorta. The patient died of multiple organ failure following drug-induced hepatic failure. It is suggestive that we missed the prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis during the reoperation. Our thoughts and introspections on the echocardiographic diagnosis of the prosthetic valve endocarditis after double valve replacement were discussed.
Aneurysm, Infected↗
[Autotransplantation as optimal technique for recurrent malignant myxoma of left ventricle].
Application of autotransplantation for left ventricular recurrent malignant tumor which was considered to be originating from the posterior leaflet of mitral valve was presented. A patient was 29 year-old-female and underwent the resection of tumor. The tumor was resected en bloc with the mitral valve, and its histology was myxoma. But she was required reoperation two times because of the recurrence of the tumor unfortunately. The tumor was ultimately diagnosed as the myxofibrosarcoma with chondroid differentiation. At the time of the third surgery, the heart transplantation was thought to be only treatment for radicality. While sounding American counterparts on the possibility of the heart transplantation, her condition took a sudden turn for the worse. An autotransplantation technique was applied for the resection of the tumor emergently. As a result, it was impossible to completely resect the tumor because of severe invasion to the left ventricle, and the patient died suddenly on the 75th day after the operation due to fetal arrhythmia. Through this case, heart transplantation should be considered for such a case, but autotransplantation technique allowed to be a life-prolonging in this case. We believe that this technique which will be obtained the excellent operative field could be used for repair of complex cardiac anomalies and rupture of left ventricle and so on.
Adult↗
Expression cDNA cloning of a serine kinase transforming gene.
By ectopic expression of cDNAs derived from a Ewing sarcoma cell line in NIH3T3 cells, we isolated a transforming gene (est). Sequence analysis revealed homology to the cot oncogene, which encodes a novel serine kinase. Whereas the cot product was truncated at its carboxy-terminal end as a result of gene rearrangement during transfection, est encodes the normal cot product. Thus, this gene can be activated as an oncogene by overexpression as well as by gene rearrangement. NIH3T3 cells transfected with est formed progressively growing colonies in soft agar and were tumorigenic in nude mice. The 3.2-kb est transcript was expressed at low level in both human fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Addition of the tumor promoter, okadaic acid (OA), or cytokine, interleukin 1 (IL-1), but not serum or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), induced increased expression of the est transcript. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we localized the est gene to the short arm of human chromosome 10 at band p11.2.
3T3 Cells↗
[A case of esophageal carcinoma with hypercalcemia caused by PTH-rP--the effect of therapy on the bone and calcium metabolism].
The changes in the bone and in calcium metabolism during cisplatin or bisphosphonate administration is reported in a 50-year-old patient with esophageal carcinoma who had humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM). Laboratory findings on admission showed that ionized calcium was 1.65mmol/L, phosphorus was 2.4mg/dl, and PTH-rP was 151pmol/L, without any evidence of bone metastasis. After admission, cisplatin and/or bisphosphonate were administrated for hypercalcemia. These administrations ameliorated serum ionized calcium, urinary pyridinoline and hydroxyproline level within a few days. Although cisplatin administration decreased the serum osteocalcin level, bisphosphonate administration kept up the level, suggesting that bisphosphonate maintained bone formation and cisplatin decreased its formation. The discrepancy may be due to the coupling with the reduction of bone resorption and/or direct toxic effect on osteoblasts during cisplatin administration, and preservation of osteoblastic activity during bisphosphonate administration. Cisplatin and bisphosphonate may have different effects on bone formation. Serum 1,25(OH)2D level was slightly decreased or unchangeable after cisplatin administration, although the level was increased after bisphosphonate administration. Direct toxic effect on 1 alpha-hydroxylase of the kidney or increase in phosphrous level may explain the change of 1,25(OH)2D after cisplatin administration. These results suggested that cisplatin and bisphosphonate have the same effect of preventing bone resorption but different effects on bone formation and/or serum 1,25(OH)2D level.
Bone Resorption↗
DNA cleavage by hydroxyl radicals generated in a vanadyl ion-hydrogen peroxide system.
Vanadyl ion (+4 oxidation state) has been shown to be an effective agent for chemoprotection of cancers in animals. For understanding the mechanism, distribution of vanadium was studied. More vanadium was found to accumulate in the nuclei of the liver of rats when it was given as vanadyl sulfate than when it was given as sodium vanadate (+5 oxidation state). The reactivity of vanadyl ion with DNA was investigated by the DNA cleavage technique and the reaction mechanism by ESR spectroscopy. Incubation of double-strand DNA with vanadyl ion and hydrogen peroxide resulted in marked concentration- and pH-dependent DNA cleavage. Studies by the ESR spin-trap method demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals are generated during the reactions of vanadyl ion with hydrogen peroxide. Thus the antineoplastic action of vanadyl ion is proposed to be due to DNA cleavage by hydroxyl radicals generated in the cells.
Animals↗