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Biomedical subjects

T Mikami

Publications and source records attributed to T Mikami.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of several anti-inflammatory drugs on the various parameters involved in the inflammatory response in rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy.

In rat carrageenin pleurisy, both steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAID and NSAID respectively) produced a dose-related reduction of exudate volume and of prostaglandin (PG)E2 contents in the exudate at 3 h after carrageenin. However, with the exception of ketoprofen, administration of all the NSAID in low doses resulted in a significant reduction of PGE2 contents with no significant reduction in exudate volume. NSAID reduced leucocyte number and total activities of lysosomal enzymes in the exudate at 3 h after carrageenin only at the higher doses, while SAID did so in a dose-related manner. Both SAID and NSAID reduced the arylsulfatase activity released into the exudate (free activity) dose-relatedly but not the free activity of beta-glucuronidase at 3 h after carrageenin. However, some drug treatments resulted in a lower reduction in free arylsulfatase activity than in exudate volume. These results suggest that the reduction of PGE2 contents may be the main contribution to the anti-exudative activities of anti-inflammatory drugs in rat carrageenin pleurisy and that this effect may be complemented by the reduction of free activity of lysosomal enzymes such as arylsulfatase.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Monoclonal antibodies against a paramyxovirus isolated from Japanese Sparrow-Hawks.

Five monoclonal antibodies against the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) molecule of Taka virus, a variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), were established to compare the antigenicities of several avian paramyxoviruses including NDV. From the results of the cross haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test with the monoclonal antibodies, the HN molecule of Taka virus seemed to have at least three different antigenic determinants; one was specific for all NDV strains tested, the second was for Taka virus and Komarov strain of NDV and the third was for Taka virus, Komarov strain, Bangor and Yucaipa. Furthermore, the differences in the ratio of HI to neuraminidase-inhibition titers suggested that the separate active sites involved in haemagglutinin and neuraminidase activities might exist at least in close proximity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Mesenteric Castleman tumor.

Computed tomography in a case of mesenteric Castleman tumor showed a well-circumscribed homogeneous soft tissue density mass with moderate contrast enhancement after injection of contrast material. These findings correlate well with previously reported mediastinal Castleman tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Dynamics of cardiac output and systolic time intervals in supine and upright exercise.

Transient and steady-state responses of stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (Q), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), preejection period (PEP), and the ratio of LVET to PEP during bicycle exercises of 50 and 100 W were studied in four healthy male subjects in supine and upright postures. A computer-based system in which impedance cardiography was incorporated served to determine the above parameters on a 10-s interval basis. SV remained almost unchanged in response to exercises in a supine posture, whereas it increased significantly in an upright posture, although the individual differences among subjects were found to be large. The half-response times of variables to a step work load were determined. An approximate accordance was observed among the response times for HR, Q, and LVET/PEP. There was an inverse relationship between LVET and HR, the slope of which was found to be steeper in the supine posture than in the upright posture, reflecting the difference between the SV responses in both postures. LVET fell shortly after the cessation of exercise despite the decreasing HR. Inasmuch as the paradoxical reduction of LVET was also found in the case where SV remained unchanged in response to exercise, no changes in SV can be the cause thereof. Thus, a transient increase in ejection rate, which is due to either the increased myocardial contractility or decreased peripheral vascular resistance, may be responsible for the phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Functional tricuspid regurgitation and its relation to the morphology of the tricuspid valve and annulus: pulsed doppler echocardiography and two-dimensional echocardiography].

The mechanism for the development of functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was studied by an ultrasonic method. Thirty-five examinations were performed in 31 patients who were expected to have functional TR, and the severity was classified into 4 grades according to the extension of the regurgitant signals by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. The satisfactory horizontal section of the tricuspid valve was obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) to measure the tricuspid annular diameter and to observe systolic configuration of the tricuspid valve in 22 examinations. The tricuspid annular diameter was well correlated with the severity of TR, and "lack of coaptation" of the valve was recognized on 2DE in some cases of severe TR with the markedly dilated annulus, indicating that this dilatation was an important trigger of functional TR. Additionally, in the majority of patients with severe TR, "anterior displacement" of the tips of tricuspid leaflet(s) (6 mm or more from the tricuspid annulus towards the right ventricle) was observed, which was thought to be due to the chordal traction secondary to the right ventricular dilatation, and contributed to the development of functional TR by disturbing sufficient coaptation. In one particular case, severe TR was associated with " malaligned coaptation" caused by the anterior displacement confined to the septal leaflet, indicating that asymmetrical dilatation of the right ventricle and/or disorientation of chordae-valve system may contribute to TR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dilatation, Pathologic↗
PubMed1983

[An application of X-ray computed tomography for complex cardiac anomalies].

X-ray computed tomography (CT) was performed in two patients with complex congenital heart disease in order to assess the clinical utility in the systemic morphological diagnosis. A Somotom 2 whole body CT scanner (Siemens Co) was used, and contrast enhanced CT scanning and a dynamic CT scanning were performed in one case (Case 2).; Case 1: A 20-year-old female with double outlet right ventricle (S, D, L), pulmonary stenosis and aortic insufficiency. The CT revealed a viscero-atrial situs, ventriculoarterial relation, spatial interrelationship between the great arteries and a run of the stenotic pulmonary artery. The CT clarified spatial relationship among four cardiac chambers, ventricular septal defect and great arteries, contributing to the understanding of the complex cardiac structure. Case 2: A 26-year-old female with single ventricle (III-C solitus), pulmonary stenosis, dextroversion, left superior vena cava and WPW syndrome. The CT documented precisely a viscero-atrial situs, dextroversion, ventriculoarterial relation, spatial interrelationship between the great arteries, stenotic main and left pulmonary arteries and a dilated right pulmonary artery due to the right Blalock-Taussig operation performed 15 years before. A diagnosis of left superior vena cava could be made by CT, and its flow into coronary sinus was visualized by dynamic CT. The dynamic CT also clarified a mixing of venous and arterial blood in the common ventricle, and revealed a rudimentary ventricular septum. Thus, the CT serves useful purposes especially as examination of viscero-atrial situs, ventriculoarterial relation and spatial interrelationship between great arteries, and anomalies of the mediastinal vessels. Furthermore the relationship among four cardiac chambers, ventricular septal defect, and the pattern of blood flow were also clarified. However, the CT failed to define the state of a ventricular loop, because it could not identify ventricular muscular structures and atrioventricular valves as these move rather vigorously. The CT could not locate pulmonary stenosis, valvular or somewhere else. The CT seemed to be a promising noninvasive method in the systemic morphological diagnosis of congenital heart disease as subsidiary to echocardiographic investigation. However, in pediatric patients, it seemed considerably hard to obtain clear cardiac CT images because of the difficulty in halting respiration during procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone, indomethacin and BW755C on carrageenin-induced pleurisy in rats.

In rat carrageenin pleurisy, dexamethasone (0.25 mg/kg p.o.) inhibited exudate accumulation in the pleural cavity throughout the period of testing while the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs indomethacin (10 mg/kg p.o.) and BW755C (100 mg/kg p.o.) inhibited it for 6 and 9 h respectively after the intrapleural injection of carrageenin but not thereafter. These observations were confirmed by the finding that, of the treatments 6 h after carrageenin, only that with dexamethasone reduced exudate volume at 15 h after carrageenin. The anti-exudative action of dexamethasone at 15 h after carrageenin may be at least in part mediated by endogenous substance(s) formed through gene expression, because it was prevented by actinomycin D. Dexamethasone and BW755C markedly inhibited cell accumulation in the pleural exudate throughout the period tested, while indomethacin inhibited it significantly between 9-24 h after carrageenin.

4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyraz↗
PubMed1982

Isolation of ortho- and paramyxoviruses from migrating feral ducks in Hokkaido. Brief Report.

A total of 18 hemagglutinating agents were isolated from 14 of 278 migrating feral ducks In Hokkaido during the surveillance studies conducted from 1978 to 1981. Seven of the 18 isolates belonged to paramyxovirus and the rest to influenza A virus. Five isolates of paramyxovirus reacted specifically with antiserum to duck/HK/199/77 and 7 isolates of influenza A virus possessed the antigenic configuration of H10N3. Three of the isolates possessed an hemagglutinin that has no antigenic relation to any of the 26 known strains of avian, swine, equine and human influenza A viruses.

Animals↗