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Biomedical subjects

T Menné

Publications and source records attributed to T Menné.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Skin reactivity to metallic cobalt in patients with a positive patch test to cobalt chloride.

458 consecutive patients were patch tested with a metallic cobalt disc as a supplement to the standard series. 23 patients had a positive reaction to CoCl2 1% pet. Of these, 19 were tested with the cobalt disc. 11 had a positive reaction and 5 a questionable reaction. There were no positive reactions to the cobalt disc in patients with a negative patch test to CoCl2 1% pet. Patch testing with CoCl2 1% pet. diagnoses all patients with allergy to metallic cobalt, but the test method is limited by a high number of irritant and questionable reactions.

Cobalt↗
PubMed1992

Permeation of chromium salts through human skin in vitro.

Chromium permeation studies were performed on full thickness human skin in diffusion cells. All samples were analysed for the total chromium content by graphite furnace Zeeman-corrected atomic absorption spectrometry. Some samples were analysed by an ion chromatographic method permitting the simultaneous determination of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) as well. The amounts of chromium found in all skin layers were significantly higher when potassium dichromate was applied to the skin compared with chromium chloride or chromium nitrate. Chromium could only be detected in the recipient phase after application of the dichromate solution. Chromium skin levels increased with increasing concentrations of applied chromium salts up to 0.034 M Cr. The amount of chromium in recipient phase and skin layers increased with increasing pH when the applied solution contained potassium dichromate. This was ascribed to a decreased skin barrier function of the skin. The amount of chromium found in all skin layers after application of chromium chloride decreased with increasing pH due to lower solubility of the salt. The % of chromium found in the recipient phase as chromium(VI) increased with increasing total chromium concentration indicating a limited reduction ability of the skin in vitro.

Chlorides↗
PubMed1992

Allergic contact dermatitis from formaldehyde. A case study focussing on sources of formaldehyde exposure.

Formaldehyde is a common contact allergen. The prognosis of formaldehyde-sensitive patients is generally considered to be bad because of widespread exposure to formaldehyde. 11 patients with eczema and a positive patch test to formaldehyde were interviewed by a dermatologist and a toxicologist/chemist and instructed to fill in a questionnaire on exposure to chemical products. The content of formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers in such products was examined using the database of the Danish Product Register (PROBAS) and by supplemental inquiries of manufacturers or importers. All the patients used one or more products containing formaldehyde or formaldehyde releasers. Sources of exposure were cosmetics and personal care products, dishwashing liquids, water-based paints, photographic products, etc. Patients were advised to use alternatives to those products containing formaldehyde or formaldehyde releasers. The status of 10 out of the 11 patients' eczema at follow-up was about 1/3 healed, 1/3 improved and in 1/3 no change. When the relevance of positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde was based on information obtained on exposure, a very high rate of current relevance was found. Computerized data on product composition allows the screening of products for contact allergens and also generates lists of contact allergens indicated for patch testing, based on the patients' own products.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Contact dermatitis from metallic palladium in patients reacting to palladium chloride.

1307 consecutive patients were patch tested with PdCl2 1% pet. 32 patients were positive; 29 also showed a reaction to NiSO4. 470 patients were additionally tested with a metallic palladium disc. 3 had a positive reaction, and none of them reacted to PdCl2 or NiSO4 pet. A positive patch test to PdCl2 pet. is in most cases probably due to a cross-reaction with nickel in nickel-sensitive subjects. Patients positive to PdCl2 tolerate skin contact with metallic palladium.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1992

Cyclosporin A responsive chronic severe vesicular hand eczema.

A patient with an otherwise recalcitrant chronic vesicular hand eczema responded with a dramatical improvement within 2 weeks of cyclosporin A (CsA) therapy 5.0 mg/kg daily. The patient was still free of eczema in spite of reducing the CsA dose to 2.5 mg/kg daily. CsA therapy was finally stopped due to a moderate increase in blood pressure, resulting in rapid recurrence of the hand eczema. The case report clearly demonstrates that oral CsA should be considered in patients with severe hand eczema that cannot be controlled on conventional immunosuppressive treatments.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Allergic contact sensitization in an unselected Danish population. The Glostrup Allergy Study, Denmark.

The distribution of allergic contact sensitization was assessed in an unselected population, living in western Copenhagen, Denmark. Ready-to-apply patch tests comprising 23 haptens and mixtures of haptens were mailed to 793 adults, and 567 (71.5%) participated. The tests were read 2 days after application. A total of 111 positive reactions were found among 86 (15.2%) subjects. Sensitization was less frequent in men than in women (11.5% versus 18.8%). Twenty out of the 23 chemicals in the test elicited positive reactions. Positive reactions to nickel and thiomersal were found most frequently (6.7% and 3.4%, respectively). Concerning the other chemicals the frequencies were 1.1% or less. Nickel sensitivity was less frequent in men than in women (2.2% versus 11.1%). The frequencies of sensitization probably represent minimum figures. Regulation of exposure needs to be considered in order to prevent primary sensitization and disease recurrences in those already sensitized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Psoriasis treatment with vitamin D derivatives.

The naturally occurring 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 and the two synthetic derivatives 1,24(OH)2 vitamin D3 and calcipotriol (Calcipotriol, INN, Calcipotriene, USAN) have a profound effect on keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Clinical trials have shown an effect of all three derivatives in psoriasis. The limiting factor for the use of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 is the risk of hypercalcemia, which is 100 to 200 times less for calcipotriol and that may be less also for 1,24(OH)2 vitamin D3. Presently, calcipotriol in an ointment base has been marketed in a number of countries and represents an alternative to treatment with topical glucocorticoids and dithranol.

Calcitriol↗
PubMed1991

Contact sensitization to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI/MI). A European multicentre study.

The frequency of positive reactions to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI/MI) were studied at 22 European contact dermatitis clinics over a period of 1 year. A total of 4713 patients participated. All the patients were patch tested with nickel sulphate, formaldehyde, paraben-mix, and MCI/MI. 19.4% of the patients had positive patch tests to nickel, making this the most common allergen. 3% of the patients reacted to 100 ppm MCI/MI, while 2.6% reacted to formaldehyde and 1.1% to parabens. There was great variation in the frequency of MCI/MI sensitivity among the 22 centres. MCI/MI contact allergy was most common among women and in patients with facial dermatitis, while it was rarely seen in patients with dermatitis on the lower legs. There were no fluctuations in the number of positive patch tests to MCI/MI on a monthly basis when the results from all centres were combined. 117 of the 141 MCI/MI sensitized patients included in the study were retested. 88% had positive patch tests when retested. 101 of the MCI/MI-sensitive patients participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled product use test. This test showed that 31% of the MCI/MI-sensitive patients had a positive reaction to a MCI/MI-preserved product. Only a few patients reacted to a control product. It is concluded that the preservative MCI/MI is an important new contact allergen.

Adolescent↗