Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Matsui.
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Push-type jejunal endoscopy using a long forward-viewing duodenofiberscope was performed in two patients with primary jejunal carcinoma. Patient 1, a 48-year-old female, complained of nausea, vomiting, and weight loss, whereas patient 2, a 65-year-old female, presented epigastric pain. The lesion was located in the upper portion of the jejunum, and diagnosis was made by a double-contrast X-ray study of the small intestine in both patients. Endoscopic examinations revealed a reddish, nodular polypoid lesion with an annular constriction and an irregular central ulceration. Endoscopic biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma in both patients. Push-type jejunal endoscopy is valuable for an accurate preoperative diagnosis of primary jejunal carcinoma.
BACKGROUND: No study has compared Campylobacter isolates from a human source in Northern Ireland over an extended period of time. AIM: To investigate the clonal stability of thermophilic campylobacters isolated from acute bacterial enteritis in Northern Ireland from 1992 to 1999. METHODS: Human isolates (n=272), originating from faeces, were characterised at the sub-species level using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence (ERIC2)--random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing. RESULTS: Thirteen genotypes were identified where three types, namely ERIC A, ERIC C and ERIC I, accounted for 28.3%, 14.3% and 13.6%, respectively. There were no significant associations (p>0.05) between sex, age groupings and year of isolation and ERIC2 genotype, with the exception of ERIC D, which showed a significant decline in isolation with time (p=0.019). CONCLUSIONS: ERIC genotypes were stable over this period, except genotype C which was lost during this time. Previous molecular typing methods showed campylobacters to be heterogeneous but this study suggests that the local human Campylobacter population consists of several common and stable genotypes. This study has established a database of local ERIC2 genotypes. This methodology may allow the establishment of an all-island database of clinical campylobacters that would be valuable in reducing human campylobacteriosis in Ireland.
BACKGROUND: Crohn's colitis, frequently accompanied by stenosis or narrowing, can be difficult to assess through conventional methods. We evaluated the usefulness of virtual computed tomographic colonography (CTC) for the detection of colonic lesions due to Crohn's disease. METHODS: Forty-two lesions in 33 patients with Crohn's disease were examined by CTC and barium enema (BE). Twenty-two patients also were examined by colonoscopy (CS). The visualization ability of CTC was compared with those of the other two methods. RESULTS: In the visualization of elevated lesions, there was no significant difference between CTC and BE (18 of 20, p = 0.487) or between CTC and CS (15 of 16, p = 0.99); however, ulcerative lesions were less often visualized by CTC. However, CTC enabled identification of serious lesions in the colon proximal to the stenosis in nine patients and was superior to BE and CS in terms of its ability to visualize the proximal site of the stenosis (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: CTC is clinically useful for the evaluation of Crohn's colitis, especially those with stenotic lesions.
We designed a post-induction therapy including intensive sequential therapy with non-cross-resistant drugs in an effort to prolong disease-free survival (DFS) for adults with acute myelogenous leukemia. Forty-five patients entered this study and 33 of 35 patients entering complete remission received the post-induction therapy. With a median follow-up for survivors of 3.5 years from complete remission, the actuarial 5-year DFS was 46% +/- 19% (95% confidence interval). The five-year DFS for patients over 45 years of age was comparable to that for patients under 45 years of age (50% +/- 26% vs 47% +/- 28%). Furthermore, the actuarial 5-year DFS for patients who required two courses of induction therapy was comparable to that for patients who required only one course of induction therapy (45% +/- 29% vs 50% +/- 25%). The toxicity of post-induction therapy was tolerable and no patients died during complete remission.
We demonstrate that the v-sis-transformed NIH/3T3 fibroblasts exhibit tyrosine-phosphorylation of both intracellular and cell surface forms of the alpha and beta platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors (PDGFRs). Cell proliferation was partially inhibited by PDGF-neutralizing antibody, but was completely blocked by the drug suramin. Suramin treatment markedly reduced tyrosine-phosphorylated cell surface PDGFRs, but had no effect on the tyrosine-phosphorylated intracellular receptor species. These findings indicate that v-sis-activated PDGFRs must attain a cell surface localization to functionally couple with the mitogenic-signaling pathway. Additionally, we were able to demonstrate a functional autocrine loop involving PDGF in human tumor cell lines. Exposure to suramin resulted in diminished receptor autophosphorylation and/or upregulation of the PDGFRs. A subset of the tumor cell lines possessing a PDGF autocrine pathway exhibited a significant reduction in proliferation after exposure to suramin. These findings indicate that a PDGF autocrine loop contributes to the uncontrolled proliferative drive in some human malignancies.
Clinical features, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, were investigated in Japanese women with DSM-III-R eating disorders (EDs) and concurrent OCD in comparison to age-matched women with OCD. Sixteen women with restricting anorexia nervosa (AN), 16 with bulimia nervosa (BN), and 16 with both AN and BN (BAN) showed commonality in a more elevated prevalence of OCD symptoms of symmetry and order compared with 18 OCD women. Among the personality disorders (PDs), likewise, obsessive-compulsive PD (OCPD) was more prevalent in each ED group compared with the OCD group. However, aggressive obsessions were more common in both BN and BAN subjects compared with AN subjects. Subjects with bulimic symptoms were also distinguished from AN subjects by impulsive features in behavior and personality. Thus, an elevated prevalence of aggressive obsessions along with an admixture of impulsive and compulsive features specifically characterized the clinical features of bulimic subjects with OCD.
Endoscopic and biopsy findings of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and colorectum were studied in 37 patients with amyloidosis involving the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopic examinations revealed fine granular appearance, polypoid protrusions, erosions, ulcerations, and mucosal friability in many cases. These findings were most marked and noticed most often in the second portion of the duodenum. The frequency of amyloid deposition in the biopsy specimens was as follows; 100% in the duodenum, 95% in the stomach, 91% in the colorectum, and 72% in the esophagus. The degree of amyloid deposition in the duodenum, which was the highest of the entire gastrointestinal tract, significantly correlated with the frequency of endoscopic findings such as fine granular appearance and polypoid protrusions. Therefore, the two endoscopic findings described above are characteristic of this disease and may reflect amyloid deposition in the mucosa or submucosa of the alimentary tract. Our results indicate that for a diagnosis of amyloidosis, it is important to examine the upper gastrointestinal tract, especially the duodenum, using endoscopy and biopsy techniques.
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