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Biomedical subjects

T Matsui

Publications and source records attributed to T Matsui.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Effects of lipolytic enzymes on the photochemical activities of spinach chloroplasts.

1. Spinach class II chloroplasts were treated with purified potato lipolytic acyl-hydrolase and venom phospholipase A2, and their lipid degradations and the effects on the photochemical activities were followed. 2. Potato lipolytic enzyme hydrolyzed monogalactosyldiacylglycerol at a faster rate than phospholipids such as phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. The treatment caused a rapid decrease of Photosystem I activity, and a less change of Photosystem II activity. 3. Venom phospholipase A2 which preferentially hydrolyzed phosphatidylglycerol, caused a rapid decrease of Photosystem II activity and only a slight decrease of photosystem I activity. 4. Potato enzyme and phospholipase A2 degraded the membrane lipids of glutaraldehyde-fixed chloroplasts at a rather slightly higher rate than those of non-treated chloroplasts. 5. The results suggested a possible correlation between monogalactosyldiacylglycerol degradation and decay of Photosystem I activity and between phosphatidylglycerol degradation and decay of Photosystem II activity. A possible mechanism is discussed.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1976

Sibling cases of chronic recurrent hepatocerebral disease with hypercitrullinemia.

Two sibling cases with chronic recurrent hepato-cerebral syndrome which correspond to the nutritional form of hepato-cerebral disease entitled by Shikata et al. and the data of plasma free aminoacids analyses of these cases were reported. The one case is 27 years old male and the other case is 36 years old female. Their parents were cousins. Both cases have had unbalanced diet, especially liked legumes unusually. Their main symptom was recurrent disturbance of conciousness and convulsive seizures. Slight abnormality of liver function test and hyperammonemia were demonstrated. Electroencephalogram showed the pattern of triphasic wave. Coeliac angiography did not revealed a portal-systemic shunt. Hepatic biopsy specimen revealed liver fibrosis with fatty change in the one case and mild fatty change in the other case. Analyses of plasma free aminoacids showed particurally high level of citrulline in both cases. From the results of plasma free aminoacids analyses, it is considered that pathogenesis of these patients is congenital hereditary urea cycle disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Vascular structures in brain tumors.

The blood vessels within brain tumors show alterations from the normal anatomy. Some of these seem to be related to an increased capacity to transfer materials between the lumen and the parenchyma and are probably intimately connected with the edema associated with the tumor. These alterations include fenestration, widened intercellular junctions, increase in pinocytotic vesicles, and infolding of the luminal surface. Other alterations are observed but their function is not as clear. The latter include an increase in the number of tubular bodies, the appearance of tubular structures within vacuoles, tubular arrays within the nuclear envelope and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and endothelial proliferation, among others.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1975

Pathogenicity for several laboratory animals of toxoplasma oocysts originated from naturally infected cats.

The pathogenicity of four strains, O-1, O-2, O-3, and O-4, of Toxoplasma isolated in the form of oocyst from the feces of naturally infected cats was examined for such laboratory animals as mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, and dogs, in comparison with that of the Beverley strain. Suspensions of seven graded doses of oocysts of each strain ranging from 1.0 X 10(-1) to 1.0 X 10(5) were inoculated orally into seven groups of five mice each. The O-1, O-2, and O-3 strains were as pathogenic for mice as the Beverley strain, but the O-4 strain was not so pathogenic as any other strain. Rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, and dogs were inoculated orally with around 1.0 X 10(5) oocysts. The four O strains were not so severly pathogenic for rats and rabbits as to cause death. The O-2 and O-3 strains showed strong pathogenicity for guinea pigs, almost all of which, when inoculated with them, died after manifesting severe clinical symptoms. The pathogenicity of the O-1 and O-2 strains showed essentially the same tendency for dogs as for any other animal. In inoculation with oocysts, as well as with proliferative forms or cysts, the same pathogenicity was not observed in different strains, even if the same species of host animals was used. On the contrary, the same pathogenicity was not always found even in one strain when a different species of animals was used.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Destructive effect of heating against toxoplasma oocysts.

Heating was examined for destructive effect against Toxoplasma oocysts, both unsporulated and sporulated, of the O-1 and O-3 strains. Sporulation-inhibition rates were measured by counting sporulated and unsporulated oocysts in each examination. As a result, the sporulation of Toxoplasma oocysts was completely inhibited by exposure to 60 or 70 degrees C for 10 seconds, 55 degrees C for 30 seconds, 50 degrees C for 2.5 minutes. 45 degrees C for 1 hour, or 37 degrees C for 48 hours. When examined by the mouse inoculation method, the infectivity of sporulated oocysts became extinct after heating at 90 degrees C for 30 seconds, 80 degrees C for 1 minute, 70 degrees C for 2 minutes, 55 or 60 degrees C for 15 minutes, or 50 degrees C for 30 minutes. It was confirmed that heating was effective for the sterilization of Toxoplasma oocysts.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Studies on the inhibition of experimental liver fibrosis. 2. The mechanism of the inhibition of liver fibrosis of rats due to carbon tetrachloride by elastase.

In the previous experiments, it was demonstrated that high purity elastase extracted from porcine pancreas remarkably inhibits liver fibrosis of rats having chronic liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride. This time, with the purpose to clarify the mechanism of inhibition of liver fibrosis by elastase, comparative study was made on the activity of lysosomal enzymes by measuring beta-glucuronidase, cathepsin and collagenolytic activity, with the rats administered with elastase and with those untreated, during the period of development of liver fibrosis and the recovery from it. In addition to it, in vitro experiments were made by having elastase act on the substrate comprising mixed collagen of acid soluble and neutral soluble collagens extracted from the skin of guinea pigs and by observing collagen components by disc electrophoresis. With any lysosomal enzymes, no marked difference was noticed between elastase group and non-administered group and thus the possibility of inhibition of liver fibrosis through activation of lysosomal enzyme by elastase was denied. The results of disc electrophoretic observation of the performance of elastase on collagen revealed that beta-component of collagen is disappeared but alpha-component remained. From the above, inhibition of liver fibrosis by elastase may be due to direct affection of elastase to telopeptide portion of collagen.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[The fine structure of ependymona (author's transl)].

The tumor cells form an unoriented mass rather than a layered structure. Most of the cells have no ependymal specialization, such as cilia, microtubular, etc. Instead, they assume a primitive undifferentiated appearance with large nuclei and abundant free ribosomes. Occasionally, however, certain cells tend to form a ring around a narrow lumen-like space within the mass. Such spaces are virtually filled with microvilli and, occasionally, even cilia arising form the surrounding cells. Elaborate desmosomes decorate the apposing surfaces of such cells and basal bodies are presented within the cytoplasm. In addition, the tumor cells often display glial filaments, glycogen granules and microtubules, similar to the cells comprising astrocytomas. As is well known, astrocytomas and ependymomas are often found mixed in the same tumor.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1975

[Experimental studies of skull fracture in the temporal region (author's transl)].

These experimental studies of skull fractures in the temporal region were carried out in co-operation the Faculty of Engineering and the Department of Neurosurgery of Tokyo University. 15 dry human skulls were statically compressed in the bitemporal direction. The results of our experiments are as follows: 1) The forces necessary to produce the first fracture (seperations of the parietotemporal suture) are between 135 kg and 385 kg. (average; 258 kg) 2) The forces necessary to produce the second fractures (true fractures) are between 195 kg and 550 kg. (average; 356.3 kg) 3) The decreases of the inner diameters of skulls from pre-examination to the first fracture are between 0.65 mm and 1.85 mm. 4) The decreases of the inner diameters of skulls from pre-examination to the second fracture are between 1.56 mm and 4.5 mm. 5) The forces necessary to reduce the inner diameters of skulls by 1 milimeter are between 85 kg/mm and 380 kg/mm. (average; 221 kg/mm) The forces necessary to produce a fracture in the temporal region are much less than the forces necessary to do so in the frontal region. In deforming the skull, it is necessary to apply much greater force to the frontal region than it is to the temporal region. The relation between the skull's age and the minimal force to produce the skull fracture is not clear from the results of these experiments. The weights of the skulls were directly related to the minimal force necessary to produce skull fractures. Breaks in the inner table preceded those of the outer table when linear fractures occurred over the compressed area. when depressed fractures formed in the same area, the outer table was broken before the inner table. When the linear fractures formed far from the same area, the outer table was broken before the inner table. From our investigations on sports injuries, those players who died after being hit by golf balls or baseballs showed the same clinical courses as in typical extradural hematoma. Plain X-ray examinations of those fataly injured players did not reveal any skull fractures. Plain X-ray examinations of fractured skulls often failed to reveal the lesion unless the bone fracture was widely separated. On the basis of the above results, it would appear that routine skull films using either anterior-posterior or lateral projections are inadequate for the diagnosis of skull fractures. We have had good results in the examination of skull fracture by using the stereo X-ray method.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Electron microscopic observation of ependyma (author's transl)].

The fine structure of the normal ependymal cell has been described. The ependymal cells form a closely knit single layer lining the ventricles. They are bordered on one side by the ventricular lumen and by the neuropil on the basal surface. The luminal surface is characterized by microvilli and cilia. The former differ from those seen in the respiratory tract or intestine in that they have a smooth surface and are devoid of a coating material. They differ from the microvilli of the choroid plexus by being straight and relatively stubby. The cilia appear indistinguishable from those seen on other cells and display the usual 9+2 microtubuler structure. The apposing surfaces of adjacent ependymal cells show various junctional devices such as desmosomes and others, but apparently no true tight junction such as seen in the choroid plexus are present. The basal surface abuts directly on the neuropil usually with no intervening basement membrane. The cytoplasm contains usual organelles including fine (60-90 A) filaments and glycogen granules. The latter two structures become especially abundant under pathological conditions which elicit an ependymal response. These changes very closely resemble those seen in reactive astrocytes.

Choroid Plexus↗
PubMed1975

[Electron microscopic observations of ependymoblastoma (author's transl)].

The fine structure of an ependymoblastoma was examined and compared to normal ependyma, ependymoma and to developing neural tube. As in the ependymoma, the tumor cells formed compact masses as well as rosettes and the blood vessel-associated pseudorosettes. In general, the cells appeared primitive but displayed well developed junctional devices in some areas as well as ciliary basal bodies. In many respects, the tumor cells resembled the cells forming the developing neural tube.

Animals↗