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Biomedical subjects

T Matsui

Publications and source records attributed to T Matsui.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Rare point mutation at codon 301 and 969 of FMS/M-CSF receptor in acute myelomonocytic and monocytic leukemia.

We have investigated whether point mutations occurred at codon 301 or 969 of FMS (M-CSF receptor) in 19 patients with acute myelomonocytic (M4) and monocytic leukemia (M5). Nineteen peripheral blood and bone marrow blood samples collected from M4 and M5 patients were examined by using polymerase chain reaction and hybridization to allele specific oligonucleotide probes. Mutations at codon 301 and 969 of FMS were not detected in any samples. FMS gene mutations at codon 301 and 969 were rarely involved in M4 and M5 patients in Japan.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

CA72-4 compared with carcinoembryonic antigen as a tumour marker for gastric cancer.

Serum levels of a newly identified, tumour-associated antigen, CA72-4, were measured in 86 patients with histologically proven gastric carcinoma. Preoperative levels of CA72-4 in serum tended to be higher with increased dissemination of the cancer. Elevated levels of CA72-4 (above 5.0 U/ml) were significantly more frequent than those of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (above 5.6 ng/ml) in patients with stage III or IV (P less than 0.01) carcinoma, in patients with Borrmann type 4 (P less than 0.01), and in patients with peritoneal metastasis (P less than 0.01). No correlation was seen between serum levels of CA72-4 and those of CEA. Serum levels of CA72-4 were lower 1 month after gastrectomy in 25 of 39 patients with resected cancers. In each of 4 patients with recurrence, lower levels of CA72-4 after gastrectomy were replaced by elevated levels on detection of the recurrence of cancer. These results indicate that CA72-4 is highly specific to gastric cancer and may be more reliable as a tumour marker than CEA for gastric cancer.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1992

Responses of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, and cytokines during and after upper abdominal surgery.

There is currently accumulating evidence for bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems. Various cytokines have been suggested to be involved in the stimulation of stress hormone secretion during the times of infection and inflammation. To assess the possible involvement and pathophysiologic significance of cytokines in the mechanisms responsible for the perioperative stress response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, we observed the changes of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels together with those of plasma endotoxin and cytokine levels. In patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy, perioperative stimulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol secretion was accompanied by a significant elevation of plasma cytokine levels. Application of epidural block up to the upper thoracic levels failed to suppress this stress response effectively. In patients undergoing unilateral total hip replacement, the response of plasma hormone levels was smaller and briefer with no significant increase of plasma cytokine levels. Application of epidural block up to the lower thoracic levels suppressed this hormonal response almost completely. In patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy, a significant elevation of plasma endotoxin level was followed by a gradual but significant elevation of plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 levels. It seems likely that the stimulatory effects of these cytokines on the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol might be involved in the development of the greater and more prolonged stress response of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Our present study suggests that not only neural input from the surgical wound but also stimulation of cytokine production were responsible for the development of the stress response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis during and after upper abdominal surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1992

Development of a chemical form discrimination system for 14C species in gaseous waste.

A new system was developed for discriminating the chemical form of 14C species in gaseous waste from nuclear facilities. The system consists of an air sample reservoir, a concentration apparatus, a radio-gas chromatograph, and microcomputers. An air sample, which is part of the gaseous effluent released from a stack of a facility, is automatically collected in the tank by trigger signals of stack monitors. After passing the air through a silica gel column, carbon species contained in it are recovered in an activated carbon-supported palladium trap held at -120 degrees C. The recovered species are swept with helium gas and analyzed by the radiogas chromatograph using an activated carbon column and gas-flow counters. Output signals of the gas-flow counters are continuously recorded by the microcomputer. By using this system, the chemical forms of 14C, such as CO, CO2, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, and C3H8 are identified and quantified. A detectable concentration of 0.3 mBq cm-3 for 14CO2 can be obtained. The system has been used to monitor the gaseous waste released from the radioisotope production laboratory and the Japan Research Reactor 2 at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute.

Air Pollutants, Radioactive↗
PubMed1992

Systemic and cutaneous plasmacytosis with multiple skin lesions and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia: significant serum interleukin-6 levels.

We report two patients who developed benign plasmacytosis with multiple skin lesions. The cases were characterized by hyperplasia of mature plasma cells, and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia. One patient had hyperplasia of mature plasma cells not only in the skin, but also extensively in lymph nodes and the retroperitoneal areas around the ureters. The other had plasma cell hyperplasia limited to the skin. Extensive investigations failed to reveal any clinical or laboratory evidence suggesting the presence of any underlying disease accompanying the hypergammaglobulinaemia and/or plasma cell proliferation, such as chronic infectious disease, collagen disease or other chronic inflammatory disorder. Clinically and histologically, the first patient showed features compatible with a diagnosis of systemic plasmacytosis and the second with a diagnosis of cutaneous plasmacytosis. Significant serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were detected in both patients, suggesting that IL-6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1992

Study of the effect of 350-Hz tone exposure on electrophysiological function of the inner ear of guinea pigs.

The effects of noise exposure were studied in fifty-nine 4- to 5-week-old albino Hartley guinea pigs with normal hearing (body weight 250-300 g). The following experiments and results were carried out: exposure to 350 Hz pure tones at 115 dB for 40 h and exposure to 350 Hz tones at 120 dB for 64 h. In order to investigate the effects of low-frequency tone exposures on the hearing of the guinea pigs, cochlear microphonics (CM), whole nerve action potentials (AP) and endocochlear potentials (EP) were measured. With a high-sound pressure, a decrease was observed in the CM maximum output voltage in the test frequencies of 2, 4 and 6 kHz while the CM threshold (pseudothreshold) of 6 kHz was elevated. Output voltage of the N1 potential of the AP using a 7-kHz tone burst decreased while the threshold of the N1 potential was elevated. An extension of latency and a decrease in the absolute value of the negative potential in EP were also observed.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1992

A novel class of platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonists. I. Synthesis and structure-activity studies on PAF-sulfonamide isosteres.

New platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonists, 3 were synthesized by replacing the charged phosphate and trimethylammonium moieties with sulfonamide and heterocyclic quaternary ammonium functionalities, respectively (PAF-sulfonamide isosteres). Darmstoff phosphatidic acid analogues of this class (Darmstoff-sulfonamide isosteres), 6 were also synthesized. The activity of these compounds as PAF antagonists was evaluated from their in vitro inhibitory effect on PAF-induced platelet aggregation in rabbit platelet-rich plasma. Among the compounds tested, some of the 2-methoxypropane derivatives with an octadecylcarbamoyloxy or octadecylcarbamoylthio side chain at the 1-position and a propylsulfonamide function bearing a terminal polar substituent such as a quaternary quinolinium or substituted quinolinium group at the 3-position were found to be the most potent (IC50 = 0.3-0.6 microM).

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A novel class of platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonists. II. Modification of the 2-position of the glycerol backbone of PAF-sulfonamide isosteres.

In a continuing effort to obtain more potent platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonists, we tried to synthesize a series of PAF-sulfonamide isosteres in which the substituent at the 2-position was modified to an acetoxy equivalent other than the methoxy group. These modifications produced highly active PAF antagonists. Compound 3-[2-(5-methyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)-3-(octadecylcarbamoyloxy) propylaminosulfonyl]propylquinolinium iodide (52) showed the most potent activity in the in vitro inhibitory effect on PAF-induced platelet aggregation in rabbit platelet-rich plasma (IC50 = 125 nM) and also in the in vivo protective effect on PAF-induced lethality in mice, with prolonged duration of action. Optically active enantiomers of this compound were synthesized and the (S)-(-)-isomer (IC50 = 87 nM) was found to be three times more potent that the (R)-(+)-isomer (IC50 = 289 nM), clearly exemplifying the enantioselectivity in the PAF-antagonist action of this novel compound.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Regulation of androgen receptor by androgen and epidermal growth factor in a human prostatic cancer cell line, LNCaP.

The effects of androgen and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation and the expression of mRNA and protein of androgen receptor (AR) were examined in an androgen-sensitive human prostatic cancer cell line, LNCaP, by Northern and Western blot analyses. The addition of 1 nM dihydrotestosterone (DHT), at which the proliferation of the cells was most stimulated, did not change the level of AR mRNA but increased the level of AR protein by reducing the turnover rate of the AR protein. EGF also stimulated the proliferation of the cells but repressed the expression of AR mRNA and protein. This repression was found to be exerted primarily at the level of transcription. When DHT and EGF were added simultaneously to the cells, the level of AR mRNA was reduced to the same degree as was accomplished by the addition of EGF alone. On the other hand, the level of AR protein increased but this increase was about 70% of that attained following the addition of DHT alone. The stimulatory effects of EGF and DHT on cell proliferation were found to be additive. These results indicate that EGF down-regulates the level of AR mRNA and thereby also that of AR protein irrespective of the presence of DHT, and that EGF stimulates the proliferation of LNCaP cells through a different pathway from that of DHT.

Androgens↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical significance of IgG4 antibody determination in children against egg white, milk, soybean and Dermatophagoides farinae].

The measurement of IgE and IgG4 antibodies against egg white, milk, soybean and Dermatophagoides farinae was performed by FAST (fluorescence allergosorbent test) using 21 serum samples obtained from non-allergic children and 160 serum samples from atopic children with bronchial asthma and/or atopic dermatitis. Their antibody levels were evaluated for any association with disease severity and for clinical significance in establishing diagnosis. It was found that children with bronchial asthma showed lower levels of IgE antibodies against egg white, milk and soybean and higher levels of IgE antibodies against Dermatophagoides farinae compared with those of children with atopic dermatitis, while both groups showed higher levels of egg white and milk-specific IgG4 antibodies compared with non-allergic children. These IgE and IgG4 antibody levels revealed a tendency to correlate with disease severity in patients with atopic dermatitis, while this was not observed in patients with bronchial asthma. The contribution percentages of IgG4 antibody determination, together with IgE antibody determination, in retrieving causal allergens were 71% for egg white, 70% for milk and 48% for soybean allergy, implying their diagnostic value in establishing clinical diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection without vesicles in a patient with malignant lymphoma].

A 76-year-old man was diagnosed as having malignant lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse medium cell-sized, B cell type). He was treated with CHOP therapy but with no response. In the terminal stage, he had continuous high temperature despite the administration of anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agents. Paralytic ileus, liver and pancreas dysfunction, and gastrointestinal bleeding developed. No skin eruptions occurred throughout the clinical course. He died on day 36 of treatment. Postmortem examination revealed foci of hemorrhagic necrosis containing many multinuclear giant-cells some of which with intranuclear inclusion bodies (Cowdry type A), in the liver, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow and other organs. Electron microscopy showed viral particles in the cytoplasm but not the nuclei of infected cells which were covered with a capsule, which was characteristic of varicella-zoster virus infection. Cells of the above organs were positive for immunohistochemical staining using antivaricella-zoster antibodies. The multiorgan failure seen in the terminal stage was considered to be due to disseminated varicella-zoster infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Demonstration of an activated platelet-derived growth factor autocrine pathway and its role in human tumor cell proliferation in vitro.

In tumor cells expressing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligand(s) and receptor(s), immunoblot analysis established tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGF receptors (PDGFRs) in the absence of any exogenous ligand, implying chronic receptor activation. Exposure to suramin resulted in diminished receptor autophosphorylation and/or up-regulation of receptor protein. In a subset of such tumor lines, there was a marked reduction in DNA synthesis in response to suramin or PDGF-neutralizing antiserum. These findings demonstrate that autocrine PDGF stimulation contributes to proliferation of some human tumors and that agents which interfere with ligand-receptor interactions at the cell surface can significantly interfere in this process.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1992

[High-dose adjuvant chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for breast cancer with poor prognosis--a pilot study].

Three patients with breast cancer with poor prognosis were treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HD-CT) and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) as adjuvant treatment. After radical mastectomy, the consolidation chemotherapy with Adriamycin 50 mg/m2, Cyclophosphamide 1,000 mg/m2, Vincristine 1.0 mg/m2 and Methotrexate 200 mg/m2 with Leucovorin rescue was started. Recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) was also added for early recovery from myelosuppression. This combination chemotherapy was given every 3 weeks for 3 courses, and after the 2nd and 3rd courses, peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) were collected and cryopreserved. HD-CT with Cyclophosphamide 2,000 mg/m2/day, Thio-TEPA 200 mg/m2/day, and Etoposide 300 mg/m2/day, were administered for 3 consecutive days, and after 48 hours of last doses, frozen-thawed PBSC (6.4-8.9 x 10(4)/kg of CFU-GM) were administered. rhG-CSF was also added. HD-CT and PBSCT were well tolerated, recovery from myelosuppression of the HD-CT was very quick and no serious side effects were observed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of acute ethanol administration on lipid composition of rat liver plasma membrane and serum--with two different doses of ethanol].

This investigation was performed to determine whether acute ethanol administration (5 g and 3 g/kg body wt.) alters the lipid composition both of liver plasma membrane (LPM) and serum in rat or not. The changes of lipid composition of LPM and serum were observed during peak values which blood ethanol concentration was achieved, after both 5 g and 3 g/kg body wt. ethanol administration; LPM cholesterol (CH) content was significantly decreased, but LPM phospholipids (PL) content was not changed statistically. Serum CH and PL contents were significantly increased. However, CH/PL molar ratio showed significant decreases in both LPM and serum. SPM/PC in LPM was also decreased significantly. These changes of lipid composition in LPM were associated with the increase of the fluidity as demonstrated in our previous reports. These lipid values in ethanol treated animals expressed as a ratio of those from corresponding control animals, taken as 1, consisted with 0.7-0.8, that is very interesting from viewpoint of "homeoviscous adaptation", and in addition, suggesting the possibility that serum CH/PL molar ratio may be useful for the estimation of the changes of lipid composition concerned with LPM fluidity.

Animals↗