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Biomedical subjects

T Matsuda

Publications and source records attributed to T Matsuda.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Tissue-type plasminogen activator and its inhibitor (PAI-1) in plasma in cases of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)].

Parameters of fibrinolysis, including plasminogen, alpha 2 plasmin-inhibitor (alpha 2 PI), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigens, and fibrinogen were assayed in 53 patients (28 women and 27 men; mean age: 64 years, age range: 32-87 years) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The control group was similarly aged (mean age: 60.4 years, age range: 38-81). The levels of t-PA and t-PA/PAI-1 ratio of the diabetic group (mean +/- SD; 9.8 +/- 4.3 ng/ml, 0.94 +/- 0.47, respectively) were significantly higher than that of the control group (5.5 +/- 2.5 ng/ml, 0.51 +/- 0.23, respectively). The increased levels of t-PA antigen and t-PA/PAI-1 ratio in diabetics mean that free t-PA has been released. However, there was no significant difference in the level of PAI-1 between the diabetic group (12.9 +/- 6.4 ng/ml) and the control group (12.1 +/- 5.6 ng/ml). Levels of fibrinogen, plasminogen and alpha 2 PI in plasma were not different in the two groups. Duration of the disease, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, differences in treatment and presense of diabetic nephropathy or retinopathy did not affect the fibrinolytic parameters. The levels of fibrinogen was higher in those with nephropathy than in the diabetics without nephropathy and retinopathy (p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of t-PA, t-PA/PAI-1 ratio and PAI-1 between younger (less than 65 years) and older (65 years or more) subjects, in either the control or diabetic groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical significances of intraoperative radiation therapy for aged patients with bladder cancer].

Seven elderly patients, 79-88 years old, with bladder cancer were treated by transvesical tumorectomy with intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT). The cancers appeared to be of high grade and high stage by cystoscopy and other examinations, and consequently they were diagnosed to be over stage T2. Therefore, all patients were thought to be candidates for total cystectomy. But their ages and complications precluded this treatment, so we decided to carry out the "palliative" IORT. The operation of IORT required less than two hours and required less than 200 ml of blood loss. There were no complications such as hematuria, irritable bladder, and rectal symptoms. The postoperative stage diagnoses coincided with the preoperative ones in 5 cases, but two cases were overdiagnosed. Five patients died after more than one year and 11 months, but four patients died due to other diseases, without cancer. One patient died due to pulmonary cancer confirmed by autopsy. Recurrence was seen in one case. These results confirmed that IORT was effective for local control of bladder cancer and partially prophylactic for recurrence. Furthermore, this treatment seemed to be even curative for some cases. We recommend this modality of treatment for some of aged patients and patients with complications who are unable to undergo cystectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Aladapcin, a new microbial metabolite that enhances host resistance against bacterial infection. Production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities.

We have constructed a new screening system for detecting microbial products that enhance host resistance against bacterial infection. It was found that a new compound with such activity is produced by a soil isolate classified as Nocardia sp. SANK 60484. The compound was isolated from the culture filtrate of the organism and named aladapcin after its amino acid composition. Aladapcin was obtained as an amphoteric white amorphous powder with the molecular formula, C13H25N5O5. It consists of 2 mol of D-alanine and 1 mol of meso-diaminopimelic acid. From the analysis of IR, 1H NMR and FAB-MS spectra, the structure was assigned to be a tripeptide. Aladapcin enhanced host resistance against an experimental Escherichia coli infection in mice at doses ranging between 1 and 100 micrograms/kg.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1990

Enhancing effect of malondialdehyde modification on the mouse IgE response to protein antigens.

To investigate the immunochemical properties of proteins reacted with malondialdehyde (MDA), which is a major degradation product of lipid oxidation, the antibody responses of mice immunized with MDA-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) were examined. The specific IgE response to MDA-BSA was 4 to 8 times higher than that to native BSA, suggesting that the specific IgE antibody response to MDA-modified protein was enhanced by MDA bound to the surface of the protein. The antibodies to MDA-BSA did not distinguish the modified protein from the native one, and the antibodies raised against the modified proteins were not specific for the MDA portion but were for the carrier proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of pimobendan, a cardiotonic and vasodilating agent with phosphodiesterase inhibiting properties, on isolated arteries and veins of rats.

Effects of pimobendan (PBD) were investigated on isolated rat blood vessels. PBD dose-dependently relaxed aortic, femoral arterial and mesenteric venous preparations precontracted with KCl and reduced the amplitude of spontaneous contractions of portal venous preparations; the sensitivity to PBD was femoral greater than portal greater than mesenteric greater than aorta. Relaxation response of the femoral artery to PBD was not changed by propranolol and aminophylline. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), isoproterenol (ISO), forskolin and adenosine also elicited dose-dependent relaxations of femoral arteries; the rank order of potency (mean negative log EC50 value) was GTN greater than ISO greater than PBD = forskolin greater than adenosine. The relaxation responses to PBD and isobutyl methylaxanthine (IBMX) were not attenuated with removal of endothelial cells. In the femoral artery, methylene blue diminished GTN-induced relaxation but not PBD-induced relaxation. PBD and IBMX increased the relaxation responses of the artery to cyclic AMP-forming drugs (ISO, forskolin and adenosine) but not a cyclic GMP-forming drug (GTN). PBD and IBMX increased the relaxation response of mesenteric veins to ISO. The drugs noncompetitively inhibited arterial contractions accompanied by voltage-dependent and alpha-adrenoceptor-operated Ca2+ influxes. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, PBD and IBMX reduced contractile responses of arteries to norepinephrine but not caffeine. The present results suggested that PBD relaxed the blood vessels, at least in part, through an intracellular accumulation of cyclic AMP.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1990

[Application of nucleolar organizer region staining technique to air-dried blood smears].

Silver staining of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) was applied to air-dried peripheral and bone marrow smears of normal subjects and leukemic patients. Specimens were fixed in buffered acetone formalin. Even in smears kept for 2 years at room temperature, the stainability of Ag-NOR was well preserved. By dipping Giemsa-stained smears in 5% trichloracetic acid and then placing them in methanol for 5 minutes, the stain was leached out. After the dye had been removed, the smears were clearly stained by a Ag-NOR staining technique. The mean number of Ag-NOR per nucleus of mature granulocytes and mononuclear cells in normal peripheral bloods was 0.59 and 1.43 respectively. The mean number of Ag-NOR per nucleus of peripheral and bone marrow leukemic cells from patients with acute leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia in blastic crisis was 2.32 and 2.66 respectively. On the other hand, the mean number of Ag-NOR per nucleus of peripheral leukemic cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia was 1.48. These results suggest that acute leukemia cells possess a more active proliferating potential. The Ag-NOR staining technique is very simple and might be useful for investigation of hematologic cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Mucociliary transport disturbance after an asthmatic attack].

The influence of asthmatic attack on the mucociliary transport system was studied by saccharin test in 8 asthmatic patients. In stable asthmatics, the mean nasal clearance time (NCT) was 44.9 +/- 6.1 (SE) min, which was greater than in normal controls (15.1 +/- 3.4 (SE) min). Nasal clearance time in stable asthmatics correlated fairly well with the duration of asthma. There is, however, no relationship between NCT and ages, blood eosinophil counts, blood IgE, or the respiratory functions. Mean NCT during asthmatic attack was 16.9 min, but 1 week later, mean NCT was prolonged to 58.6 min and 101.1 min after 2 weeks. These results indicate that there is mucociliary transport disturbance after asthmatic attack.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Potentiating effect of spirometric maneuver on bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in asthmatic subjects--the role of deep inspiration and forced expiration].

We previously reported that spirometric maneuver (SM) had potentiating effect on bronchial responsiveness (BR) in asthmatic subjects but not in normal subjects. SM consists of deep inspiration to TLC (DI) and forced expiration to RV (FE). In this study, we examined the effect of SM, DI and FE on BR in 9 asthmatic subjects. Provocative concentration of methacholine producing a 35% fall in respiratory conductance (PC35-Grs) was significantly (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.025) decreased from 0.34 mg/ml (GSEM, 1.51) to 0.16 mg/ml (GSEM, 1.45) and 0.14 mg/ml (GSEM, 1.51) by SM and DI, respectively but it was not altered by FE. These findings indicate that potentiating effect of SM on BR which is characteristic of asthma may be due to DI effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A previously undescribed synanamorph of Wangiella dermatitidis.

A black yeast isolated from a Korean patient with subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis was studied and identified as Wangiella dermatitidis (Kano) McGinnis on the basis of its distinctive morphology, and physiologic and serologic characteristics. In addition to the characteristic diagnostic features of W. dermatitidis, we encountered unusual multicellular structures. These consisted of globose endoconidia contained within thick-walled, dematiaceous bodies. Mycologic observation indicated that a cell increased in size, developed a thickened outer cell wall, and subsequently developed internal septa that split or lysed down their central portions to separate the developing endoconidia. To our knowledge, this reproductive form has not been previously associated with W. dermatitidis. We describe this new synanamorph of the highly polymorphic black fungus W. dermatitidis.

Cell Wall↗
PubMed1990

[Magnetic resonance angiography using a magnetic resonance flow tagging technique].

A direct bolus imaging method, which was developed for flow quantitation, was applied to the cervical regions of four normal volunteers to perform magnetic resonance angiography. A transverse section of 10 mm thickness was selectively excited to tag blood flow in the supraclavicular region and a projected image of the tagged bolus viewed in terms of anteroposterior direction was obtained after the echo time (TE). Like cine magnetic resonance imaging, multiple images representing four to 16 cardiac phases were obtained with repeated excitations. With a relatively long TE, ranging from 50 to 200 msec, we advanced tagged blood farther downstream, so as to elongate the visualized bolus along the vessel. Within the visualized bolus, the outer layer close to the vessel wall, where the blood flow velocity was slow, stretched like long tails behind the central part of the bolus producing arrow-head shapes, and the tails were assumed to represent the vascular structure. Bilateral common carotid and vertebral arteries were visualized in each image size approximately 5 cm obtained at the systolic phase. Since prolonged TE yielded less signal intensity, the bolus was not clearly visualized when TE was longer than 100 msec. The cine display of images with multiple cardiac phases produced good evaluations of dynamic changes of pulsatile flow, and this method is expected to be a useful diagnostic tool which combines the capability of flow quantitation with non-invasive angiography. The accuracy of this method in delineating a stenotic lesion was also evaluated using phantom with steady flow, since it is one of the most important capabilities of a clinically used angiographic method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Possible involvement of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the relaxant response of dog middle cerebral artery to cromakalim.

To determine the functions of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels in cerebral arterial smooth muscle, the effects of cromakalim, an opener of these channels, on tension and 86Rb efflux were investigated in endothelium-removed strips of dog middle cerebral arteries (MCAs). Cromakalim relaxed the strips that were precontracted with 20.9 mM K+ with a small maximum response. The relaxant responses to cromakalim were competitively antagonized by glibenclamide, a blocker of KATP channels. In strips precontracted with 65.9 mM K+, cromakalim failed to relax the strips. The addition of cromakalim to a resting strip caused a dose-dependent relaxation. In the resting strips of MCAs preloaded with 86Rb, cromakalim did not increase the 86Rb efflux. With 42K as the tracer ion, cromakalim still had no effect on the efflux from the resting strips. On the other hand, cromakalim increased the 86Rb and 42K efflux from the strips of dog coronary arteries (CAs). In 20.9 mM K(+)-contracted strips of MCAs, cromakalim significantly decreased the 86Rb efflux. However, after the inactivation of Ca(++)-activated K+ channels by the addition of 1 x 10(-7) M nifedipine to the 20.9 mM K(+)-contracted strips of MCAs, cromakalim produced a small but significant increase in the 86Rb efflux. Similarly, when the resting strips of MCAs were placed in the Ca(++)-free 12 mM-Mg(+)+ solution, cromakalim increased the 86Rb efflux. In 65.9 mM K(+)-contracted strips, cromakalim increased the 86Rb efflux from both arteries. However, the extent of the increase in 86Rb efflux was significantly smaller in the MCA than in the CA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

[Afferent nipple valve malfunction as a late complication of the Kock continent ileal reservoir].

Construction of a continent ileal urinary reservoir (Kock pouch) is associated with a high incidence of late complication because of malfunction of the nipple valve, the efferent limb in particular. We have so far experienced several types of afferent nipple malfunction. We herein report on the unexpected complications of the afferent nipple valve in patients with a post operative observation of 1 year or more. From 1984 through 1989, urinary diversion via a Kock pouch was performed on 47 patients at Kyoto University Hospital and Public Toyooka Hospital. The study group comprises 42 patients with a mean observation of 40 months (range 14 to 60 months). The late complications of the afferent nipple valve were observed in 11 of the 42 (26%) patients. These included erosion of Dacron fabric used as a collar (5 patients), afferent nipple stenosis (3 patients) and afferent nipple obstruction by mucous plug or fungus ball (3 patients). Removal of Dacron collar was performed in 4 of the 5 patients with collar erosion and in 1 of the 3 patients with nipple stenosis. Nipple obstruction was relieved by endoscopic manipulation or diuresis. All of the 11 patients had no problems with their efferent nipples. Our results suggest that the use of nonabsorbable material as a collar and peristaltic direction of the afferent limb are mainly involved in the complications of the afferent nipple. A more reliable and simpler procedure for antireflux anastomosis should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Alteration in sarcoplasmic reticulum-dependent contraction of tail arteries in response to caffeine and noradrenaline in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Since the membrane Ca2+ handling properties of the arterial smooth muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum may be altered in genetic hypertension, we studied caffeine- and noradrenaline-induced contractions in tail arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at the prehypertensive stage (4 weeks old) and from age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). After the sarcoplasmic reticulum had been loaded with Ca2+ by pretreatment with physiological Ca2+ solution, caffeine- and noradrenaline-induced contractions of the tail arteries, measured in a Ca2(+)-free solution [containing 0.1 mmol/l ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraace tic acid], were smaller in SHR than in WKY. After caffeine-releasable Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum had been depleted by pretreatment with the Ca2(+)-free solution, the caffeine-induced arterial contractions in a low-Ca2+ (0.5 mmol/l) solution were smaller in SHR than in WKY. The Ca2+ concentration-tension relationship in skinned arterial fibres was similar in WKY and SHR. These data suggest that the ability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to take up and store caffeine- and noradrenaline-releasable Ca2+ is decreased in SHR. The development of hypertension in SHR may be explained by an impaired function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in arterial smooth muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of effects of cromakalim and pinacidil on mechanical activity and 86Rb efflux in dog coronary arteries.

Effects of two K+ channel openers, cromakalim and pinacidil, on mechanical activity and on 86Rb efflux were compared in strips of dog coronary arteries. Cromakalim and pinacidil produced the relaxation in 20.9 mM K(+)-contracted strips with a pD2 of 6.53 and 5.95, respectively. In 65.9 mM K(+)-contracted strips, high concentrations of pinacidil, but not cromakalim, produced relaxation. Ca+(+)-induced contractions in 80 mM K(+)-depolarized strips were also inhibited by pinacidil but not by cromakalim. Glibenclamide, a blocker of ATP-regulated K+ (KATP) channels, competitively antagonized the relaxant responses to cromakalim with a pA2 value of 7.62. However, the antagonism by glibenclamide of the relaxant responses to pinacidil was not a typical competitive type, suggesting the contribution of other effects than the KATP channel opening activity to the relaxant effects of pinacidil. In resting strips preloaded with 86Rb, cromakalim and pinacidil increased the basal 86Rb efflux in a dose-dependent manner. The increase in the 86Rb efflux induced by cromakalim was greater than that by pinacidil. When the effects of cromakalim and pinacidil on the 86Rb efflux were determined in the 20.9 or 65.9 mM K(+)-contracted strips, both drugs increased the 86Rb efflux. Under the same conditions nifedipine, a Ca(+)+ channel blocker, produced the relaxation that is accompanied by the decrease in 86Rb efflux. The increase in the 86Rb efflux induced by cromakalim was much greater than that by pinacidil.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Physiological functions of (Na+ + K+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) isozymes].

Since Sweadner demonstrated that there are two isozymes (alpha and alpha(+) isoforms) of (Na+ + K+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in the brain about 10 years ago, the isozymes have been extensively studied at biochemical and molecular levels. We started the studies on the isozymes of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase soon after finding that pyrithiamin, an antimetabolite of thiamin is a selective inhibitor of the alpha(+)isoform. This review summarizes the previous studies on the isozymes of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase, which are now classified into alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3.

Animals↗