De novo acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (M5b) having a chromosomal 3;21 translocation with immunoglobin heavy-chain gene rearrangement.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
T Matsuda
Publications and source records attributed to T Matsuda.
Biocompatible coatings for luminal and outer surfaces of small-caliber artificial grafts.
Luminal and outer surfaces of small-caliber vascular grafts at an early implantation period may require completely opposite cellular responses: minimal cellular adhesion and fibrin formation for a luminal surface versus potent cellular adhesion and migration and matrix generation for an outer surface. Differentiated biocompatible design of luminal and outer surfaces into small-caliber artificial grafts may lead to successful healing. We molecularly designed photocurable extracellular matrices (ECMs): photocurable chondroitin sulfate (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the luminal surface coating and photocurable gelatin for the outer surface coating. All of them were partially derivatized with photodimerizable groups such as thymine, cinnamate, and coumarin groups and converted to produce water-insoluble gels upon ultraviolet irradiation. In vitro study showed that platelet adhesion on photogelled CS and HA was significantly reduced, whereas endothelial cells adhered well on photogelled gelatin. These materials were individually coated and photogelled onto respective surfaces of artificial grafts (inner diameter [ID], 5 mm). During acute-phase implantation into dogs for up to 1 week, minimal cell adhesion was observed on the luminal surface, which was uniformly covered by photogelled CS or HA. Heparin impregnation of photocured ECM reduced fibrin formation. On the other hand, enhanced tissue ingrowth was noted at the outer surface. Although these ECM-coated grafts need further improvement in molecular design and coating techniques, photocurable ECMs may contribute to successful healing and a high patency rate of small-caliber artificial grafts.
Animals↗
Novel compliant and tissue-permeable microporous polyurethane vascular prosthesis fabricated using an excimer laser ablation technique.
A small-diameter vascular prosthesis with a multiply pored structure could have great potential to elevate the patency rate, for the following two reasons: 1) increased flexibility of the graft may increase compliance matching, consequently minimizing intimal hyperplasia; and 2) enhanced transmural tissue ingrowth may accelerate endothelialization. In this study, we fabricated a polyurethane (PU)-based artificial graft with well-controlled micropores in terms of their diameter and distribution, which was achieved using a computer-aided excimer laser (KrF) ablation technique. Three types of microporous PU tubes (2 mm in internal diameter, 100 microns in wall thickness) were designed: pore size (100 microns) and longitudinal pore-to-pore distance (200 microns) were constant, and circumferential pore-to-pore intervals were 60 degrees (type 1), 30 degrees (type 2), and 15 degrees (type 3). The fabricated prostheses were coated with photoreactive gelatin, which was photogelled and chemically fixed on PU surfaces upon ultraviolet light irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy showed that pore size and arrangement were precisely controlled as designed, and that a gelatinous hydrogel layer was formed over the entire luminal surface. The stiffness parameter (beta), inversely related to compliance, was determined from the change in external diameter against intraluminal pressure. An increase in the number of pores around the circumference decreased the beta value. The type 3 graft, the stiffness parameter of which was very close to that of human coronary artery, was the most compliant among the three types. The combination of excimer laser-directed microporing and photochemical surface processing techniques enabled the development of a novel compliant small-caliber vascular prosthesis, which is expected to show enhanced transmural tissue in growth in vivo.
Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
Surface microarchitectural design in biomedical applications: in vitro transmural endothelialization on microporous segmented polyurethane films fabricated using an excimer laser.
We describe the preparation of segmented polyurethane (SPU) films with round micropores and present a quantitative assay method of endothelial cell (EC) migration through micropores of and growth on microprocessed SPU films as an in vitro model of transmural endothelialization in open-cell-structured small-diameter vascular grafts. The micropored films, pores of which ranged from 9 to 100 microns in diameter, were microfabricated using an excimer laser. Time-dependent processes of EC ingrowth through micropores of SPU films with different pore sizes, which have a confluent monolayer sheet on one face and are cell free on the other, and subsequent endothelialization were quantitatively studied. The circular cellular sheet centered at the micropores expanded as incubation proceeded. Markedly retarded migration was found for the smallest pore size (9 microns in diameter). The larger the pore, the higher was the endothelialization rate. The endothelialization characteristics were studied on multiply microspored films of different pore sizes and densities, each of which was prepared so as to provide a fixed total pore area per unit area (0.01 mm2 per mm2). The highest endothelialization rates in an early incubation period were found on films with microspores between 18 and 50 microns in diameter.
Animals↗
Quantitative assessment of apatite formation via a biomimetic method using quartz crystal microbalance.
Quantitative assessment of hydroxyapatite formation on a gold surface via the biomimetic method, composed of a nucleation step in a simulated body fluid (SBF) containing glass powders and a subsequent apatite growth step in glass powder-free SBF, was made using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique. The frequency change of the QCM linearly increased with increasing soaking time, and largely depended on the nucleation period. The growth rates, defined as daily increase in thickness, increased monotonicly with an increasing nucleation period of up to 96 h, thereafter being constant at 2.0 microns/day. The growth rate of the apatite layer increased with increasing temperature of the SBF: 0.9, 2.0, and 3.8 microns/day at 25, 37, and 50 degrees C, respectively. The Arrhenius-type activation energy for the growth of apatite was 47.3 kJ/mol. The QCM method was found to be a very powerful tool for quantitative, in situ measurement of precipitation and growth of apatite in real time.
Apatites↗
Synthesis of phenylazido-derivatized substances and photochemical surface modification to immobilize functional groups.
Phenylazido-derivatized low-molecular-weight substances and copolymers containing hydrocarbon- or fluorocarbonalkyl group, sulfonato or amino group, and hydroxyl group were prepared. Upon coating and subsequent ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, covalent fixation of these substances or copolymers took place only at irradiated portions of polymer surfaces, providing a hydrophobic, ionic, or hydrophilic nature. These were verified with electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) spectra and water contact-angle measurement. Endothelial cells adhered on photochemically modified surfaces which have alkyl, sulfonato, or amino groups on their surfaces, whereas little adhesion occurred on a hydroxyl group-bearing hydrogellike surface. When UV light was irradiated through a photomask on the polymer surfaces, patterned and microprocessed surfaces having cell-adhering and nonadhering regions were obtained. The potential application of this photochemical surface processing method in biomedical engineering is discussed.
Adsorption↗
Control of cell adhesion, migration, and orientation on photochemically microprocessed surfaces.
Using surface-photochemistry-driven microprocessing, striped patterns of cell-adhesive and nonadhesive domains were prepared on tissue-culture dishes. The width of striped patterns ranged from 20 to 130 microns. When endothelial cells were cultured on such dimensionally well-defined surfaces, cells adhered, migrated, and proliferated only on cell-adhesive domains. Migration potentials such as tracks of moving cells and migration rates were determined using a time-lapse video recording apparatus under a phase-contrast microscope and a computer-assisted image analyzer. The migration track in the direction of the width of the stripe-pattern was limited to the size of the width, and effective migratory distance over 400 min of observation was considerably reduced, to almost half that for a nontreated surface, whereas migratory rate was not changed by surface processing, irrespective of the stripe-pattern width. After a 2-day culture, oriented patterned cellular sheets were obtained. Cells were elongated and aligned along the axis of the striped pattern. The degrees of orientation and elongation were enhanced with a decrease of the line width. At the narrowest surface domain, cells only migrated back and forth, and eventually they became highly elongated and oriented along the axis of the domain. These results indicated that the adhesion area, migrating direction, and orientation of cells can be controlled by this method with micron-order precision. This method provides quantitative information on the kinetics of the migration process and the morphogenesis of the microprocessed surface.
Animals↗
Cell-substrate and cell-cell interactions differently regulate cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix protein gene expression.
In this study, cellular events during tissue formation were investigated at the mRNA level using the Northern blot technique. The levels of expression of mRNAs encoding specific proteins (beta-actin, fibronectin, and laminin) during tissue formation on tissue culture dishes were quantitatively assessed using a Northern blot technique with autoradiography. The level of beta-actin mRNA increased with incubation time and reached a maximal level near the confluent state, followed by reduced beta-actin mRNA expression at a later stage of tissue formation. The time course of beta-actin mRNA expression corresponded well to the time course of morphologic changes and cytoskeletal organization in adherent cells. Expression of the mRNAs encoding the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin and laminin was initiated at the proliferation stage. After maximum expression levels of these two mRNAs were reached at the confluent stage, a gradual decrease in their expression levels was seen during long-term culture. Expression patterns of mRNAs encoding cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix proteins strongly depended on the type of artificial substrates used; a mRNA expression pattern similar to that observed during tissue formation on tissue culture dishes was observed on a cell-adhesive substrate during tissue formation, whereas reduced expression was seen during tissue formation on a less adhesive substrate. Thus, the dynamic changes occurring during tissue formation were quantified to investigate the roles of artificial substrates in tissue formation at the mRNA level.
Animals↗
Decreased lymphocytic proliferation by mitogens in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis subsequent to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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Aged↗
Increase of chemokine levels in sputum precedes exacerbation of acute asthma attacks.
Basophils and eosinophils can be activated in vitro by several chemokines such as RANTES, monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF/MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory peptide-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). To explore the clinical relevance of the in vitro observations, we measured here the concentrations of these chemokines in sputa from asthmatic patients during acute attacks. Before the onset of a late-phase exacerbation, sputum MCAF/MCP-1, MIP-1 alpha, and IL-8 levels transiently but markedly increased from the basal levels in all of the patients with exacerbation, whereas the sputum levels of these chemokines remained unchanged during the course in the patients without a late-phase exacerbation. These results suggest the involvement of these chemokines in the late-phase exacerbation of asthma.
Acute Disease↗
Another interpretation of burst imaging as a variation of line projection imaging.
Burst imaging and DUFIS realize fast imaging without rapid switching of magnetic field gradients. In this paper, some new aspects of burst imaging are explored. Interestingly, when one-dimensional Fourier transform is applied, Burst imaging becomes similar to line projection scanning, a concept proposed earlier by Mansfield and Maudsley (P. Mansfield, A. A. Maudsley, Planar spin imaging by NMR. J. Magn. Reson. 27, 101-119 (1977)). The line scanning interpretation is applied to two-dimensional Burst imaging, and the relationship between its two-dimensional k-space trajectory and line scanning interpretation is discussed.
Fourier Analysis↗
Protective effect of taurine against reperfusion injury in cultured rat astrocytes.
Reperfusion of cultured rat astrocytes with Ca(2+)-containing medium after exposure to Ca(2+)-free medium for a short time caused an increase in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), and delayed cell death (Ca2+ paradox-like injury). Exposure of astrocytes to Ca(2+)-free medium caused a marked release of taurine. Taurine (3-30 mM) reduced the reperfusion-induced increase in [Ca2+]i and attenuated the delayed glial cell death. Glycine, GABA and beta-alanine did not affect reperfusion-induced cell toxicity. The protective effect of taurine required addition at an early time during reperfusion. Ouabain and monensin mimicked reperfusion injury and their toxicity was also reduced by taurine. Taurine (3-30 mM) inhibited dose-dependently 45Ca2+ uptake stimulated by ouabain and monensin in astrocytes. These findings suggest that taurine has a protective effect against reperfusion injury via an inhibition of Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity in the reverse mode.
Animals↗
The same nuclear proteins bind to the 5'-flanking regions of genes for the rice seed storage protein: 16 kDa albumin, 13 kDa prolamin and type II glutelin.
Expression of rice seed storage-protein genes is dramatically regulated over a short period of seed maturation. To characterize the expression mechanism of the rice seed storage protein genes, their expression of major storage protein genes (16 kDa albumin, 13 kDa prolamin and type II glutelin) were compared by RNA blot analysis. Their coordinate expression suggests that the transcriptional regulatory machinery is shared among the glutelin, prolamin and albumin-genes. We isolated two novel genomic genes for prolamins (PG5a and PG5b) and obtained the promoter region of the glutelin gene by PCR. The 5'-flanking regions of these three rice seed storage protein genes were found to contain some similar conserved sequences. Nuclear extract partially purified from maturing rice seeds was used for the gel shift assay of the 5' region of the RA gene. We identified two DNA sequences of RA gene which were recognized by independent DNA-binding proteins. The complexes of these DNA sequences and DNA-binding proteins were inhibited by the fragments containing the 5' regions of the prolamin and glutelin genes, suggesting that these three genes share transcription factors.
Albumins↗
Magnetic resonance imaging in osteoarthrosis of the dysplastic hip.
We performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in osteoarthrosis (OA) of 35 dysplastic hips in 28 patients using a 1.5-Tesla superconductive magnet. MR images were compared with conventional radiographs and arthrograms. MRI demonstrated cartilage irregularity and joint space narrowing in 17 hips earlier than did radiographs. Acetabular labrum tears were observed in 24 hips by MRI and in 23 hips by arthrography, suggesting that the former may be as useful as the latter. Osteophytes, joint effusion and synovial proliferation can be identified better by MRI than by conventional radiography. An MR grading system was established according to the thickness of the cartilage and sclerosis of the acetabulum or femoral head. This system can be a powerful tool to recognize the early stage of OA. MRI can demonstrate directly the severity of OA, including early degeneration of articular cartilage and acetabular labrum tear.
Hip Dislocation, Congenital↗
Modulation of sensitivity to mitomycin C and a dithiol analogue by tempol in non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines under hypoxia.
We examined the mechanisms involved in the bioactivation of mitomycin C (MMC) and a newly developed MMC analogue: 7-N-(2-([2-(gamma-L-glutamylamino)ethyl]dithio)ethyl)mitomycin C, KW-2149, in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines under aerobic and hypoxic conditions. To investigate these mechanisms, we used MMC-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines (PC-9/MC4) that had been established in our laboratory from the parent PC-9 cell line by continuous exposure to MMC. We previously reported that the MMC-resistant cell line (PC-9/MC4) was poor in NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) activity and approximately 6-fold more resistant than the parent cells (PC-9) to MMC on 2-h exposure under aerobic conditions. In this study, the subline PC-9/MC4 was 6.7-fold more resistant to MMC than PC-9, the parent cell line, under aerobic conditions, and 5.2-fold more resistant under hypoxic conditions after 2-h exposure to MMC. However, on co-incubation with tempol, an inhibitor of the one-electron reduction pathway, the sensitivity of PC-9/MC4 to MMC was impaired under hypoxic conditions, but the impairment was not evident under aerobic conditions. KW-2149, the newly developed MMC analogue, was cytotoxic for both PC-9/MC4 and PC-9 cells, and the sensitivity of both cell lines to KW-2149 was not changed by exposure to hypoxic conditions or by coincubation with tempol. There were no significant differences in the intracellular uptake of MMC and the activities of cytosolic detoxification enzymes between the PC-9 and PC-9/MC4 cell lines. These results support the hypothesis that the one-electron reduction pathway plays a partial role in the bioactivation of MMC, but not of KW-2149, and that KW-2149 is excellent at circumventing resistance to MMC in NSCLC.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Analysis of thrombocytopenia due to carboplatin combined with etoposide in elderly patients with lung cancer.
Thrombocytopenia induced by carboplatin combined with etoposide for elderly lung cancer patients was analyzed in relation to the predicted thrombocytopenia by the equations advocated by Egorin et al. and Taguchi et al. The thrombocytopenia actually observed was strongly correlated with and significantly more severe than that predicted if carboplatin had been administered as a single agent. The AUC (area under the curve) of carboplatin predicted by Calvert's equation significantly affected the degree of thrombocytopenia. These data suggested that dosing of carboplatin should be determined individually on the basis of renal function, as recommended earlier. The reason for the enhancement of thrombocytopenia is yet to be determined in future trials.
Aged↗
Effect of capsaicin inhalation on methacholine responsiveness in normal subjects.
It has been reported that capsaicin stimulates bronchial C-fibers to release neuropeptides and enhances bronchial responsiveness in animal studies. This study was conducted to examine the effect of inhaled capsaicin on bronchial responsiveness in humans. A provocative concentration of methacholine producing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (PC20-FEV1) was measured before and one hour after, one minute inhalation of 15.6 microM capsaicin solution (capsaicin day) or saline (saline day) in seven normal subjects whose PC20-FEV1 values were 40 mg/ml or less. Geometric mean value of PC20-FEV1 measured one hour after saline inhalation following pretreatment methacholine challenge was 89.3 (GSEM, 1.69) mg/ml which was significantly (p = 0.018) greater than that of the pre-treatment methacholine challenge [19.1 (GSEM, 1.37) mg/ml] on a saline day. However, PC20-FEV1 was not different before and one hour after inhalation of capsaicin [18.1 (GSEM, 1.40) and 23.1 (GSEM, 1.80) mg/ml] on a capsaicin day. The PC20-FEV1 value of the post-treatment methacholine test was significantly (p = 0.0277) lower after capsaicin inhalation than after saline inhalation while the value of pre-treatment methacholine provocation was not different between capsaicin and saline days. Change of the post-treatment PC20-FEV1 from the pre-treatment value shown as doubling concentrations was 0.35 +/- 0.60 on a capsaicin day which was significantly lower than that (2.23 +/- 0.47) on a saline day. These results confirm the decreased responses to repeated inhalation of methacholine (methacholine tachyphylaxis) in normal subjects and indicate that capsaicin inhalation reduces the methacholine tachyphylaxis.
Administration, Inhalation↗
Hypercoagulability and high lipoprotein(a) levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with disturbances in hemostasis that could contribute to the development of diabetic vascular disease. We investigated the changes in parameters of blood coagulation and the fibrinolytic system and in plasma levels of lipoprotein(a)(Lp(a)) in 124 patients with type II diabetes mellitus and 44 healthy control subjects matched for age and body mass index (BMI) to determine whether hemostatic disturbances may lead to increased cardiovascular mortality. Median levels of fibrinogen (P < 0.0001), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) (P < 0.005), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity (P < 0.05) in plasma were significantly elevated in diabetic patients compared with controls. The median concentration of Lp(a) was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in normal controls (18.2 vs. 12.6 mg/dl. P < 0.0005). Lp(a) levels tended to be elevated in patients with a prolonged history of diabetes. There was no evidence that Lp(a) levels were affected by metabolic control or by type of treatment. Twenty-two diabetics with coronary heart disease (CHD) had significantly higher levels of fibrinogen (P < 0.05), TAT (P < 0.05), and Lp(a) (24.7 vs. 13.7 mg/dl, P < 0.01) than the 51 patients without diabetic angiopathy. Our data indicate that impaired hemostatic balance in diabetes may cause hypercoagulability and may thus contribute to the increased cardiovascular mortality in diabetes.
Aged↗