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Biomedical subjects

T Masumoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Masumoto.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Serum levels of soluble CD4 and CD8 in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.

The blood levels of soluble CD8 (sCD8) and soluble CD4 (sCD4) were measured in patients with various liver diseases, and their significance was studied. The levels of sCD8 were significantly higher in patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), acute hepatitis (AH), fulminant hepatitis (FH) and liver cirrhosis (LC) as compared with the normal controls (NC), and correlated positively with those of GPT (r = 0.67, p < 0.001). In addition, a comparison of the exacerbation of CAH with remission showed that the sCD8 levels were significantly higher in the former. On the other hand, there was no significant rise in the level of sCD4 in patients with any liver disease, except FH, no definite relationship between sCD4 and sGPT, and no consistant tendency in sCD4 levels between exacerbation and remission. The reason for an insignificant elevation of the sCD4 level is the fact that in hepatitis the CD8-positive cells, which are cytotoxic T cells, are directly involved in hepatocyte damage; therefore the CD8-positive cells are predominantly activated, while the activity of the CD4-positive cells is considered to be lower. Instead of determining the number of CD4-positive cells and CD8-positive cells in the mononuclear cells of peripheral blood, serum sCD4 and sCD8 levels can be measured simply and inexpensively. Thus, these levels may be useful immune markers.

CD4 Antigens↗
PubMed1993

Assay of serum interleukin 8 levels in patients with alcoholic hepatitis.

Studies were performed to evaluate the role of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in the pathogenesis of alcoholic hepatitis. Using a recently developed sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we measured serum IL-8 levels in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. The mean serum IL-8 level was increased significantly in patients with alcoholic hepatitis compared with normal controls (P < 0.05). It was of interest to note that serum IL-8 levels were increased transiently after abstinence from alcohol in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. These findings suggest that there may be a correlation between IL-8 and alcoholic hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Two cases of hypothyroidism associated with alpha-interferon therapy.

Alpha-interferon was used for anti-cancer or anti-viral therapy in two patients with preexisting autoimmune thyroid disease and in seven patients with chronic viral hepatitis who had no history of thyroid dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism developed in the two patients who had a history of autoimmune thyroid disease, while no changes in thyroid function were observed in the other seven patients. Modulation of the immune system by alpha-interferon may have been responsible for the development of hypothyroidism in these two patients. Therefore, autoantibodies to the thyroid and the thyroid function should be assessed in patients undergoing alpha-interferon therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Intrahepatic lymphocyte subpopulations and HLA class I antigen expression by hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis C.

The lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood and liver were studied in 17 patients with chronic active hepatitis type C (CAH C) by immunoenzymatic and immunofluorescence techniques, using mono-specific T cell antibodies and other reagents. The peripheral blood subsets showed no significant differences between the patients with CAH C and normal controls. In the liver, CD8-positive cells were predominant over CD4- and Leu 7-positive cells. Leu 7-, CD4-, and CD11-positive lymphocytes were all few in number. HLA class I antigen was expressed diffusely on the cell surfaces of the hepatocytes. Serum levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R) in the CAH C patients were significantly higher than in normal controls (p less than 0.01). In CAH C, sIL2R levels were higher during exacerbations than during remissions (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that cytotoxic T cells (CD8- positive, CD4-negative, and CD11-negative) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatocyte injury in patients with CAH C.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Increased serum levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor in patients with drug-induced allergic hepatitis.

Soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R) level in the serum of 10 patients with drug-induced allergic hepatitis (DIAH) were quantified with a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using two monoclonal antibodies against the receptor. The sIL2R levels in patients with DIAH were significantly higher than in 15 normal subjects (p less than 0.01). The high sIL2R levels observed during the florid stage of DIAH returned to normal during convalescence (p less than 0.05). SIL2R from the serum of DIAH patients was found to bind to a recombinant IL2 affinity column. It seems likely that sIL2R inhibits the hyper-immune reaction that occurs in drug allergies due to bind IL2. But, we have no data that sIL2R inhibits actually the biological activity of IL2.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1991

Induction of the interleukin-2 receptor (p55) by interferons.

The effect of human interferon (IFN) on the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R, p55) expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. IL-2R induction was assessed by the soluble IL-2R level in vitro and in vivo, which was measured by ELISA using two monoclonal antibodies to IL-2R(p55). Serum levels of sIL-2R increased significantly during IFN-alpha or IFN-beta therapy in 13 patients with chronic hepatitis B. When mononuclear cells were cultured with IFNs-alpha, -beta, or -gamma, the sIL-2R levels in the supernatant increased significantly. Dual flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that IL-2R was expressed on CD4+ and CD20+ mononuclear cells treated with IFN-alpha in vitro. CD4+ T cells and B cells may release sIL-2R when these cells are stimulated with IFN-alpha. RNA isolated from mononuclear cells treated with IFN-alpha contained increased levels of IL-2R-specific mRNA, as indicated by Northern blot analysis using an IL-2R-specific mRNA probe. These findings help to indicate how IFN plays a role in the regulation of the immune response, because IL-2R induction is known to be associated with lymphocyte activation.

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely premature infants].

During the last 9 years, 25 extremely premature infants (less than 1,000 g, mean gestational ages of 26.6 weeks, mean birth weight of 838 g) underwent ligation of PDA in operating room. There were no deaths related to surgery. Nineteen (76%) of these infants with RDS were discharged from the hospital, but five died of sepsis, and one died with poor nutrition. In nineteen survivors, 12 infants (63%) with gestational ages under 28 weeks had complicated bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) but all developed normally with good nutrition due to sufficient lactation and fluid therapy after PDA ligation. Results indicate that PDA ligation in extremely premature infants is a safe and effective procedure, because it will prevent the development of BPD and give these infants body weight gain with good nutrition.

Ductus Arteriosus, Patent↗
PubMed1990

Job-stress and medical consultation rates for physical illness among blue collar workers of an electrical factory in Japan: a four-year prospective follow-up study.

To investigate the relationship between job-stress and medical consultation rates for physical illness, a prospective study was conducted for male blue workers of an electrical factory in Japan. 8 job-stress variables and 8 possible confounders were assessed by means of mailed questionnaires in the initial study; 375 workers without medical history of illness were followed for four years; they were interviewed once a year and medical consultations for physical illness were recorded. Age-adjusted rates of medical consultation during the four-year period were significantly higher in the subjects with higher job-dissatisfaction scores than in those with lower job-dissatisfaction scores (p less than 0.05). The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that job-dissatisfaction together with age and education was significantly correlated with medical consultation (p less than 0.05). The results suggest that job-dissatisfaction is a potential factor for medical consultation in Japanese blue collar workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between perceived job-stress and glycosylated hemoglobin in white-collar workers.

Cesana et al. (1985) have indicated that glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) may be a potential measure of job-stress. To examine this observation further, a questionnaire study on job-stress and health-related behaviors together with measurement of HbAlc and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were conducted for 129 male white-collar workers at a multiphasic health examination. It was found that a total of 102 subjects with the FPG level lower than 110 mg/dl had received no medical treatment; the score of job-dissatisfaction was significantly correlated with their HbAlc level (p less than 0.05). None of possible confounders, i.e., age, job-overload, overtime, number of cigarettes per day, alcohol consumption, obesity and blood tests other than FPG, were significantly correlated with HbAlc; the score of job-dissatisfaction was not significantly correlated with the FPG level. It is indicated that HbAlc may be a sensitive measure of job-dissatisfaction; further studies are needed to clarify psychophysiological mechanisms underlying the effects of job-dissatisfaction on the HbAlc level.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of transketolase activity and thiamin pyrophosphate levels in erythrocytes and liver of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) as indicators of thiamin status.

Yearling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were fed a purified diet with and without thiamin supplementation for 30 wk, at which time overt signs of thiamin deficiency appeared in the deficient group. Overt signs of thiamin deficiency were anorexia, darkening and ataxia. Death rapidly followed the development of overt thiamin deficiency. Transketolase activity and thiamin pyrophosphate levels were measured monthly in erythrocyte and liver samples. Significant differences in erythrocyte transketolase activity between fish fed the thiamin-deficient and control diets were measured after 24 wk of feeding. No significant difference in liver transketolase activity was found between trout fed diets with or without thiamin supplementation. Thiamin pyrophosphate levels were significantly lower in erythrocytes and liver of fish fed the thiamin-deficient diet after 16 wk of feeding. Thiamin pyrophosphate levels in erythrocytes and liver were found to be a more sensitive indicator of thiamin status of rainbow trout than erythrocyte or liver transketolase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Serum zinc and copper concentrations in low birth weight infants during first three months of life: correlation to birth weight and different feedings.

Serum zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) concentrations were measured in infants weighing 740 g to 2,500 g at birth. They were divided into three groups depending on their birth weight; Group I ranged from 740 to 1,500 g (N = 35), Group II from 1,501 to 2,000 g (N = 26), and Group III from 2,001 to 2,500 g (N = 19). They were fed breast milk (N = 24), commercially available non-supplemented formula with low Zn and low Cu content (N = 42), or Zn- and Cu-supplemented formula (N = 14). Serum Zn levels of breast fed infants were apparently higher than those of the other two different formula fed infants, the difference being significant at 1 month of age in Group I. After the decline of serum Zn level during the first month of life, the level in Groups II and III remained unchanged, whereas the level in Group I further declined progressively until 3 months of age. An incidence of hypozincemia (0.65 micrograms/ml) was highest in Group I, medium in Group II, and lowest in Group III. The serum Cu level was elevated progressively after birth in all groups, but the mean level was consistently highest in Group III, medium in Group II and lowest in Group I. No difference in serum Cu level was found among the infants with different feedings.

Birth Weight↗