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Biomedical subjects

T Maruta

Publications and source records attributed to T Maruta.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Results of behavior modification in the treatment of chronic pain.

Two hundred patients with chronic pain were treated in an in-patient program in which behavior modification was the major therapeutic modality. The patients were characterized by having had pain of many years' duration, multiple operations, treatment failures, prolonged disability, compensation factors, and dependency on medication. At hospital dismissal, 59% of the patients had achieved moderate improvement or better. At a 3-mo follow-up, 40% of the admitted patients (75% of those successfully treated) were still doing well, and after 1 yr, 25% of those originally admitted continued to do well (65% of those successfully treated).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Series on pharmacology in practice: 1. Drugs that alter mood. I. Tricyclic agents and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

In the last 20 years, the treatment of mood disorders has advanced immeasurably. We now have relatively safe and effective agents for the treatment of depression and mania. This review discusses two types of agents that elevate mood--tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors--including the indications for their use and their modes of action, pharmacokinetics, side effects, and drug interactions.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1979

Drug abuse and dependency in patients with chronic pain.

Of 144 patients with chronic pain of nonmalignant cause, 35 (24%) were drug-dependent, 59 (41%) drug abusers, and 50 (35%) nonabusers. Codeine and oxycodone (Percodan) were most frequently abused. In regard to characteristics tested, differences between the groups were not great; but there was a significant difference in outcome between nonabuse and dependent groups. Early detection and treatment of drug abuse should minimize some of the difficulties involved in management of treatment-resistive patients with chronic pain.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Series on pharmacology in practice. 1. Drugs that alter mood. II. Lithium.

In the last two decades, there has been rapid progress in the pharmacologic treatment of affective disorders. In Part I of this review, drugs mainly used for depression (tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors) were discussed. Here, lithium carbonate, the most effective drug for manic-depressive illness (bipolar depression) is the focus. Its indications, mode of action, pharmacokinetics, dosage, and side effects are discussed. A section on drug interactions with lithium deals with the combination effect of lithium used with antidepressant and other psychotropic agents.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1977

Psychiatric consultation in the chronic pain patient.

A process and technique for psychiatric evaluation of chronic pain patients are discussed. It is the task of a psychiatrist to rule in or rule out a psychiatric component rather than to assume the existence of "psychogenic" pain when there is a negative medical and surgical examination. Accurate communications about any psychiatric components to the referring physician, without premature judgment on "cause" of pain, lead to themost accurate decisions about future treatment.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1976

Low back pain patients in a psychiatric population.

Thirty-one patients with low back pain resistant to medical and surgical treatment were studied. On admission to the psychiatric service, these patients revealed apparent features of conversion and hysterical personality, as characterized also by the MMPI profile. During hospitalization, however, there was increased appearance and recognition of anxious-depressive features. We suggest that these patients should be treated by the combined approach of supportive psychotherapy and physiotherapy, with appropriate use of antidepressants.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Program for managing chronic pain. I. Program description and characteristics of patients.

A program for the management of patients with treatment-resistant pain involves behavior modification, physical treatment, medication management, and counseling. The first 50 patients were characterized by pain of many years' duration, multiple operations, treatment failures, prolonged disability, compensation factors, and dependency on medication. In addition, they demonstrated loss of intellectual efficiency and were more psychologically deviant than the general medical population. Management problems were encountered in the following areas: patient acceptance, drug seeking, complicating psychopathology, complicating physical disorders, group dynamics, family reactions, and staff morale. Fifty-four percent of patients achieved moderate to marked improvement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of electroconvulsive therapy in pain patients.

Twenty-one patients with primary chronic pain received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for concurrent affective symptoms. Twenty of the 21 patients experienced improvement in the level of their pain. ECT can be an effective treatment modality for patients who have chronic pain complicated by affective symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of pulmonary mRNA encoding ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and P-selectin following thoracic irradiation in mice.

PURPOSE: Recent studies have revealed that ionizing radiation induces the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and P-selectin in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of these adhesion molecules in mouse lung following whole thoracic irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were irradiated with a single dose of 12 Gy to the thoraces and sacrificed at 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after irradiation. Expression of total lung mRNA for ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and P-selectin was quantified by the Northern blot method and normalized to beta-actin. RESULTS: There were increases in mRNA for ICAM-1 of 42% at 4 hours (p < 0.05), 76% at 24 hours (p < 0.01), and 51% at 48 hours (p < 0.05) compared with the controls. These returned to the control level at 1 week. The expression of VCAM-1 mRNA was also increased by 49% (p < 0.01) at 12 hours and was still increased by 25% at 1 week. P-selectin mRNA was transiently increased by 59% at 12 hours. CONCLUSIONS: These early inductions of mRNA for ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and P-selectin in mouse lung following thoracic irradiation were transient but significant, and are one of the most immediate changes reported in vivo.

Animals↗