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Biomedical subjects

T Marshall

Publications and source records attributed to T Marshall.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Electrophoresis of honey: characterization of trace proteins from a complex biological matrix by silver staining.

The proteins of unconcentrated honey have been detected with the methylamine-incorporating silver stain (T. Marshall, 1984, Anal. Biochem. 136, 340-346) following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. The former consistently reveals at least 19 protein bands in a variety of Australian honeys. Two-dimensional electrophoresis gave patterns of poor resolution but proved useful for further characterization of the major protein constituents. The protein patterns were unaffected by centrifugation of the samples prior to preparation for electrophoresis.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1987

A simplified method for the electrophoretic analysis of hair proteins.

Hair proteins have been analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using a simplified method without S-carboxymethylation, protein fractionation and lyophilization. The molecular weights of the proteins have been determined and human, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, gerbil, cow and sheep hair compared. These molecular weight values are consistent with those obtained using physical methods as compared to anomalously high values previously reported following electrophoresis of S-carboxymethylated hair proteins. Additional high molecular weight proteins, possibly of a dimeric nature, have also been detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Sources of information about new drugs and attitudes towards drug prescribing: an international study of differences between primary care physicians.

Doctors in different countries completed a questionnaire relating to the importance they attributed to eight possible sources of information about a new drug, their estimation of patients' expectations of the doctor prescribing drugs under specific circumstances and their therapeutic response to common clinical general practice situations. There were major differences between the stated behaviour of doctors in different countries with regard to the importance they attached to the eight sources of information on drugs. While doctors agreed on the importance of books and journals and on the unimportance of patients, nurses and other paramedicals, there was a major disagreement about the importance of drug company representatives: this source of information about new drugs was rated high in Sweden and Yugoslavia and low in Britain and Belgium. Doctors also differed in their estimation of patients' expectations of how they would prescribe and how they responded to the clinical problems. The differences, which might be due to differences in education about therapeutics or to cultural differences between countries, are important because of the high cost of drugs bills in all countries.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1987

Influences on the examination performance of medical students: the pressure of other examinations.

Third-year medical students in Birmingham sat two examinations at times varying from 10 days apart to the same day. The influence of the proximity of two examinations on performance in the second examination is explored, together with other influences on examination performance. The sex of the student is the most significant discriminating factor, but proximity of examinations also affects marks in the second examination. We recommend, as did Birmingham students 10 years ago, that examinations should be separated by at least 5 days.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1987

Consanguinity and fetal growth in Pakistani Moslems.

There is conflicting evidence about the effect of parental consanguinity on fetal growth. Previous studies have not always allowed for other factors that are known to affect birth weight, in particular, gestational age, parity, and maternal height. We have therefore studied this question in the Pakistani Moslem population in Birmingham. Babies born to parents who were first cousins were on average 80 g lighter than those born to unrelated parents, but this difference was not significant for the size of the sample studied. Nor were there any differences in the other measurements of the babies. After expressing birth weight in terms of centiles for gestational age, sex, parity, and maternal height, however, while there was no difference in the overall distribution of centiles, there were more poorly grown babies--that is, weight below the 10th centile--in the first cousin group. We conclude that parental consanguinity is associated with an increase in the number of poorly grown babies but that the overall effect on mean birth weight is small.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Simplified sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of unconcentrated urine with enhanced resolution and detection sensitivity.

We applied a simple sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method to urine. The method, developed for serum protein analysis (Clin Chem 1984;30:475-9), has a high sample throughput and gives excellent resolution with unconcentrated urine. It clearly distinguishes and characterizes proteinuric urine (7.5 microL) by Coomassie Blue staining and gives complex silver-stained patterns with nonproteinuric urine (2 microL). The former is recommended for routine clinical screening, the latter for research purposes.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of Coomassie Brilliant Blue protein dye-binding assays for determination of urinary protein concentration.

We investigated the influence of assay protocol upon results of Coomassie Brilliant Blue protein dye-binding assays for urinary protein. Sensitivity and working range for, and linearity of response (including dilution dependence) of, three standard assays and four micro assays to bovine albumin, gamma-globulin, and urine are compared. The Read and Northcote standard assay (Anal Biochem 1981; 116:53-64) appears to be the method of choice.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Phenol addition to the Bradford dye binding assay improves sensitivity and gives a characteristic response with different proteins.

Phenol has been added to the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye reagent used in the standard Bradford protein assay and its effect upon the reagent blank and assay response of fourteen proteins investigated. Phenol can enhance or impair colour yield depending upon its concentration and the amount and type of protein assayed. Four characteristic protein responses to increasing assay concentrations of phenol have been observed. These indicate a complex influence of phenol upon the protein assay. Dye reagent containing 0.5% phenol gave optimal colour yield with most of the proteins investigated and an improved assay response of ovalbumin, ribonuclease, lysozyme, insulin, pepsin and chymotrypsinogen-A relative to bovine albumin.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1986

Aspiration cytology and ultrasonography of cold thyroid nodules.

Over an 18 month period, 50 'high risk' patients with solitary or dominant cold thyroid nodules on 99m Tc-pertechnetate scanning, have undergone fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) under general anaesthetic prior to thyroidectomy. Histological malignancy was confirmed in only four patients (8%). Cytological malignancy was suspected or confirmed in six patients, each having a false positive rate of 4%. There were no false negative reports. Ultrasonography, performed pre-operatively in 37 of the patients, did not significantly add to the overall patient management. ABC appears to be safe, simple and sufficiently accurate to incorporate its use routinely in the pre-operative assessment of thyroid nodules.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dental appliance for intraoral voice prosthesis.

Hospitalized patients who are ventilator-dependent after a tracheostomy or who have inflated tracheal cuffs are unable to vocalize due to occlusion of the airway below the level of the larynx. The voice prostheses currently available are often inadequate, particularly for patients with limited manual dexterity. An adaptation of the Cooper-Rand Electronic Speech Aid with a dental retainer, designed by a speech-language pathologist and a hospital dental service, was a useful alternative for two patients who were unable to produce voice due to tracheal cuff inflation. Both patients had neuromotor impairment and one used the device while also on a respirator. The device allowed these patients to verbally communicate to hospital staff and family members.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Electrochemical detection of biogenic amines following acylation by N-hydroxysuccinimide esters.

A general methodology for the selective derivatization of amines, to enable quantitation by high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, is presented. N-Hydroxysuccinimide active esters present in large excess are suitably mild acylating agents to derivatize selectively trace quantities of amines for electrochemical detection. The 2 separate problems of extraction yield and detectability can be solved by this derivatization method. Due to its lipophilicity the resulting N-acylated amine, as demonstrated with serotonin, is extracted efficiently into organic solvents during sample preparation for chromatography. Moreover, the acyl group introduced can be designed to be electroactive, thus extending the procedure to amines not readily oxidized, e.g., histamine and phenylethylamine.

Acylation↗
PubMed1985

Crohn's disease in two married couples.

Only two examples of married couples where both partners have developed Crohn's disease have been reported previously from the United Kingdom. We describe two further examples; one where the index patient had developed Crohn's disease before marriage, and the spouse subsequently developed Crohn's disease and a second example in which both spouses developed Crohn's disease after marriage.

Adult↗