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Biomedical subjects

T Manabe

Publications and source records attributed to T Manabe.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Imprint immunocytochemistry of estrogen receptors in breast carcinoma.

To clarify the accuracy of immunocytochemical detection of estrogen receptors (ER) in breast carcinomas using cytological materials, imprint specimens from tumor tissue were compared with frozen tissue sections and tumors analyzed by the dextran coated charcoal (DCC) method and enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Out of 50 cases examined by imprint immunocytochemistry, there were 39 ER positive cases (78.0% positivity). The positivity in the imprint materials agreed with that of the DCC in 36 out of 40 cases (85.0%), with 100% sensitivity and 60.0% specificity. The two methods statistically correlated with each other in their positivity and grade (p less than 0.001). The positivity and grades of imprint and frozen immunocytochemistry as well as those of imprint immunocytochemistry and the EIA agreed almost perfectly with each other. As a result of the present study, we concluded that immunocytochemical detection of ER is indeed reliable, as accurate as other procedures. We recommend that aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) be used for morphological examination and ER immunocytochemistry when adequate materials are available and that imprint materials be used when ABC materials are inadequate and fresh tissue is available at the time of surgery.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1990

Squamous islands in eccrine neoplasms.

The presence of squamous cells in eccrine neoplasms is not well recognized, but is usually considered to denote malignant transformation. The small nests composed of squamoid cells (squamous islands), however, were found in 46% of the eccrine neoplasms we studied. They were divided into three types according to their location, histological structure, and degree of cellular atypia. These types possibly represented intermingling of epidermis or hair follicle, squamous syringo-metaplasia, and malignant transformation. We would like to stress that squamous islands are seen not only in malignant eccrine neoplasms, but also in benign ones, and that their presence should not be interpreted as evidence of malignancy.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
PubMed1990

Effects of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage on blood-bile permeability and selective IgA transport in patients with biliary obstructions.

Biliary obstruction induces a increase in the permeability between blood and bile, and a decrease in the rate of immunoglobulin A (IgA) transport into bile. We investigated the effects of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) on these derangements. PTBD reduced the extent of elevation of the bile-to-serum ratio of Immunoglobulin G (IgG; IgG-BS ratio) in patients with obstructive jaundice. Because IgG is known to be passively transported from serum to bile, the results indicate that PTBD restores the blood-bile barrier function. The IgA-BS ratio/IgG-BS ratio index (IgA/IgG index) and the IgM/IgG index, which indicated the function of selective transport of IgA and IgM into bile, initially decreased and then returned to the normal range 17 days after PTBD in patients who experienced a rapid resolution of hyperbilirubinemia. However these indices remained low in patients who did not experience this resolution. The serum secretory IgA levels in patients who did not experienced rapid resolution of hyperbilirubinemia markedly increased before PTBD. The serum secretory IgA levels in the patients who did and those who did not experience rapid resolution of hyperbilirubinemia, after initially increasing, decreased after PTBD. However the level returned to the control range only in patients who experienced a rapid resolution. These results indicate that the secretory IgA level is a sensitive indicator of hepatobiliary function, and measurement of the level of secretory IgA could predict the effect of PTBD.

Bile↗
PubMed1990

Leukocytic fragments in blood smears.

We retrospectively reviewed blood smears from patients with septic shock and/or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in order to determine whether the appearance of leukocytic fragments on blood smears has any clinical significance. Leukocytic fragments were seen in six of twelve cases with septic shock but in none of three cases of DIC without sepsis. All six cases with leukocytic fragments also showed fragmented erythrocytes. The fact that five of these six cases died and that four were dead within two days after the leukocytic fragments were noted may indicate that this appearance heralds a severe and terminal condition of sepsis. Although the exact reason for the appearance of these fragments is unclear, it seems to be related either to mechanical shearing through microangiopathic fibrin strands, which may also cause erythrocytic fragments, or to a complex alteration in the cell membrane due to bacteria, endotoxin, or other factors. We would like to stress that the presence of leukocytic fragments on blood smears provides an important clue to the patient's prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Changes in lipid peroxide and oxygen radical scavengers in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. Imbalance between the offense and defense systems.

The role of free radicals in the development of cerulein-induced pancreatitis was evaluated by measuring the activity of the endogenous scavengers, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), as indicators of the defense system, and the level of lipid peroxide (LPO) in the pancreas, as an indicator of the offense system. Acute pancreatitis was induced by 5 hourly intraperitoneal administrations of cerulein (50 micrograms/kg body weight), in 0.9% NaCl, to mice. The presence of acute pancreatitis was confirmed by changes in serum amylase levels and in typical microscopical features. Regarding the changes in the levels of endogenous scavengers, the SOD level was decreased significantly from a basal level of 52.6 +/- 3.94 to 43.1 +/- 2.79 mU/micrograms DNA at 6 h (p less than 0.01) to 38.8 +/- 5.18 mU/micrograms DNA at 9 h (p less than 0.05) and to 31.7 +/- 3.10 mU/micrograms DNA at 12 h (p less than 0.01) after the first intraperitoneal cerulein injection. The CAT level also decreased significantly from a basal level of 7.80 +/- 0.27 to 5.86 +/- 0.46 mU/micrograms DNA at 9 h (p less than 0.01) and to 4.52 +/- 0.21 mU/microgram DNA at 12 h (p less than 0.01). GSHpx increased from a basal level of 6.80 +/- 0.43 to 7.58 +/- 0.50 mU/micrograms DNA at 9 h and to 10.2 +/- 0.52 mU/micrograms DNA at 12 h after the first intraperitoneal cerulein injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical distribution of CA19-9 in normal and tumor tissues of the kidney.

The immunohistochemical distribution of CA19-9 in normal and tumor tissue of the kidney was investigated. CA19-9 was detected in the cytoplasm and apical surface of renal proximal tubules, distal tubules and uroepithelium of the renal pelvis. Eight of 28 renal cell carcinomas (29%) expressed CA19-9. CA19-9 was also detected in 2 cases of transitional cell carcinoma and 1 of 4 cases of Wilm's tumor, but not in angiomyolipoma. As the measurement of CA19-9 is widely used to detect gastrointestinal carcinoma, the expression of CA19-9 in normal and neoplastic kidney tissue might have some clinical significance.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1990

Pancreatic lysosomal enzyme secretion is changed by hepatectomy in rats.

To explore the effect of hepatectomy on the secretion of lysosomal enzymes into the pancreatic juice when stimulated by gut hormones, we evaluated the cerulein-stimulated amylase output and cathepsin B output into pancreatic juice, the amylase and cathepsin B content in pancreatic tissue, and the distribution of cathepsin B in acinar cells in the regenerating (4 days) and recovering (8 days) stages after about 70% hepatectomy in rats. Amylase output was significantly higher after hepatectomy than in the control groups. Cathepsin B was secreted into the pancreatic juice after stimulation by cerulein in both the control and the hepatectomized groups, but, particularly 4 days after hepatectomy, cathepsin B output was significantly higher than in the controls, and in the acinar cells redistribution of cathepsin B was found. These changes in cathepsin B disappeared in the recovery stage (8 days) after hepatectomy. In addition, the amylase content in pancreatic tissue was significantly greater in the hepatectomized than in the control rats, but the cathepsin B content did not show any significant change. These results indicate that cerulein can stimulate the secretion of lysosomal enzyme into the pancreatic juice, as it does the secretion of digestive enzymes. Moreover, it appears that the synthesis and secretion of amylase in and from the acinar cells is increased after hepatectomy and that a redistribution of lysosomal enzyme occurs in the acinar cells.

Amylases↗
PubMed1990

[Role of free radicals in the development of acute mild and severe pancreatitis in mice].

In order to clarify the role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, we observed the effect of a new synthetic free radical scavenger (CV-3611) on the pathological state in the models of both caerulein and CDE-diet induced acute pancreatitis in mice. In both models of acute pancreatitis, the levels of serum amylase activity were reduced significantly by the treatment of CV-3611. Pancreatic edema formation was also reduced significantly at 3.5 and 9 h after the first caerulein i.p. injection. The 4 days survival rate in CDE-diet induced pancreatitis was significantly elevated from 41.2% to 81.3% by the treatment of CV-3611. These results indicate that this synthetic scavenger, which has a long circulation half life, high affinity to biomembrane and good cell penetration ability, is effective on the development of both severe and mild pancreatitis. The main pathogenesis of both models is suggested to be radical reactions on the biomembrane which is caused by the interreaction between endothelium and neurophile in caerulein induced pancreatitis, and by the lipid peroxidation on the biomembrane of the organella in the cell in CDE-diet induced pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Ectopic production of amylase by a non-producing type of multiple myeloma].

The patient was a 64-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital because of lumbago. A diagnosis of multiple myeloma (non-producing type) was made, based on (1) the presence of multiple osteolytic lesions, (2) hypercellular marrow with 64.2% plasmacytoid malignant cells, (3) no monoclonal gamma-globulin was detected in the serum and urine, and (4) abnormal monoclonal gamma-globulin was also not detected in the cytoplasm and membranes of these malignant cells. After several courses of chemotherapy, a pleural effusion infiltrated by myeloma cells developed and the patient's serum contained a markedly increased amylase activity of salivary-type. Amylase activity was also detected in vitro in the supernatant of cultured myeloma cells established from the patient's pleural effusion. The presence of alpha-amylase in the myeloma cells, which were derived from pleural effusion, was demonstrated immuno-histochemically. These observations indicates that amylase was ectopically produced by these myeloma cells. Interestingly, 14 out of 20 metaphases in the cells derived from pleural effusion showed translocation of 1p22 near the region of 1p21, where the amylase gene was assigned.

Amylases↗
PubMed1990

[Changes of lysosomal enzymes in pancreatic juice following hepatectomy in rats].

To explore the changes in the exocrine pancreas and the possible stimulation by gut hormones of secretion of lysosomal enzyme into the pancreatic juice, we measured the caerulein-stimulated amylase output, the cathepsin B output into the pancreatic juice and the pancreatic tissue amylase and cathepsin B contents, as well as the distribution of cathepsin B in acinar cells in both the regenerating (4 days) and recovery (8 days) stages after about 70% hepatectomy in rats. The amylase output increased significantly after hepatectomy. Cathepsin B was secreted into the pancreatic juice after stimulation by caerulein in both the control and hepatectomized groups. Four days after hepatectomy, the cathepsin B output was significantly greater than that of the control group, and redistribution of cathepsin B in acinar cells was noted. These changes in cathepsin B disappeared in the recovery stage (8 days) after hepatectomy. In addition, the pancreatic amylase content was significantly higher than in the control group, but the pancreatic cathepsin B content did not change significantly. These results suggest that caerulein stimulated the secretion of lysosomal enzyme into the pancreatic juice in the same way as digestive enzymes and that lysosomal enzymes in the pancreatic juice play an important physiological role. Furthermore, these results indicate the increased synthesis and secretion of amylase in and from acinar cells as well as the fragility of acinar cells.

Amylases↗
PubMed1990

[Organ specific ESR features in mouse main organs and ESR application to the model of pancreatic disorders].

Nine main organs in the mouse were studied by ESR spectroscopy at 77K. Manganese ions were readily detected in the pancreas, small intestine, stomach and kidney. In particular, the pancreas gave strong ESR signals for the transition metal, suggesting that Mn(II) plays an important role in pancreatic function. All organs reveal different ESR spectra indicating organ specificity. C-centered radical, R-OO radical and C0Q10 or ascorbate radical are stable in the tissue. In the brain, heart and pancreas, N-centered radical heme-NO adduct was detected at 6 and 24 h after excision since common process is involved in tissue degeneration and ESR is sensitive to proteolysis and necrosis of tissues. In endotoxemia and/or CDE-diet-induced pancreatic lesions, R-OO radical and Mn(II) ion were detected in the signal at 77K. By the spin-trapping method (DMPO) at 25 degrees C, DMPO-OH adduct and 3-Line and 6-Line were detected in CDE diet-induced acute pancreatitis. These results suggest that damaged pancreatic tissues are in a highly oxidative environment that probably contains oxygen radicals, and that free radicals are considered to play an important role in the development of pancreatic lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of partial hepatectomy on glucose-stimulated insulin release from the isolated perfused pancreas in rats].

To investigate the functional changes of endocrine pancreas in the early stage after partial hepatectomy, we evaluated the changes in the secretion of insulin to glucose load in perfused rat pancreas at 4 and 7 days after about 70% hepatectomy. Insulin responses to glucose load were significantly augmented at 4 days compared with both the normal and sham-operation rats and at 7 days also significantly augmented compared with the normal rats. These results are in accordance with the morphological changes of islet and indicate that in the early stage after hepatectomy, the response of islet B-cells to glucose load are increased in order to support the glucose metabolism in this stage. Thus, insulin seems to play an important role in the regenerating liver after hepatectomy and these changes seem to be one of the adaptation of endocrine pancreas after hepatectomy to support the regenerating liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparative studies of DU-PAN-2, carcinoembryonic antigen, and CA19-9 in the serum and bile of patients with pancreatic and biliary tract diseases: evaluation of the influence of obstructive jaundice.

The levels of DU-PAN-2 antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and CA19-9 in serum and bile of patients with pancreatic and biliary tract diseases were measured. The sensitivities (true positive) of DU-PAN-2 in serum to pancreatic carcinoma (64%) and to biliary tract carcinoma (62%) were similar to those of CA19-9 in serum (69% and 72%, respectively). Nine of 18 (50%) patients with CA19-9-negative pancreatic carcinoma tested positive for DU-PAN-2. The sensitivities of CEA to pancreatic carcinoma (56%) and to biliary tract carcinoma (52%) were lowest. The measurement of these antigens in bile seemed to be of little diagnostic value in differentiating between malignant and benign diseases. False positives of these three assays occurred frequently in patients with benign pancreatic or biliary tract disease coupled with obstructive jaundice. After percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, serum DU-PAN-2 and CA19-9 levels returned to normal ranges in patients with benign diseases, but not in patients with carcinoma of the pancreas or of the biliary tract. Serum CA19-9 and DU-PAN-2 antigens are useful tumor markers for pancreatic and biliary tract carcinomas. Longitudinal assays of these antigens may be useful for the differential diagnosis of patients with obstructive jaundice.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

[Influence of alcohol ingestion on plasma gastrin and CCK levels in human beings].

We investigated the time courses of the plasma ethanol, acetaldehyde, gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) levels after the ingestion of ethanol (1g/kg, 21.5%, whisky) in healthy male adult volunteers. The ethanol level reached a peak at 15 to 45 minutes after the ingestion and then decreased almost linearly. The acetaldehyde level of the group who became flushed after drinking (the F group) peaked earlier than that of the other group whose faces became only slightly flushed (the N group). The gastrin level increased significantly and remained elevated for about 3 hours. In three of the nine subjects, the CCK level increased 75 minutes after drinking. As a result, the absorption of the ingested ethanol is more rapid than 15 minutes, followed by a quick catabolism of the absorbed ethanol to acetaldehyde, but the catabolic action of acetaldehyde in the F group is later than that in the N group. The plasma gastrin level is certified to increase after the ingestion of ethanol and this is not mediated by acetaldehyde because the intra-venous infusion of acetaldehyde was not increased the plasma gastrin level in dogs. CCK which stimulate the pancreatic enzymes may be considered to have a possibility relating to the development of alcoholic acute pancreatitis but the ingestion of ethanol showed no increase of the plasma CCK level. But we cannot deny the possibility of the individual differences in the hormonal reaction in these experiments.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental study of transvascular direct current treatment for intraabdominal malignant tumors].

Direct current treatment (DCT) is a treatment for malignant tumors suggested by Nordenström in 1978. In DCT, two platinum electrodes, an anode and a cathode, are introduced percutaneously. Usually the anode is inserted into the tumor, and the cathode is inserted into healthy tissue near the tumor. Passage of a direct current acidifies the surroundings of the anode and causes necrosis of this part of the tumor. DCT has been used to treat lung cancer and superficial tumors clinically, but it has not yet been used for intra-abdominal tumors. Here, basic and experimental studies were made of the possibility of DCT of intra-abdominal tumors. A modification, called transvascular DCT, was done with the anode inserted into the liver of rabbits and the cathode placed within a blood vessel by vascular catheterization. First, tests were done to identify a suitable material for the cathode, from the standpoint of safety. DCT is usually done with platinum electrodes. However, in transvascular DCT, platinum could not be used for the cathode because with its use, hydrogen gas was produced in the vessel, causing embolisms. So, a cathode made of AgCl and coated with Ag was developed to prevent embolism. With this cathode, gas was not generated. Next, pathological changes in the walls of the vessel that contained the cathode were observed after DCT. The cathode was put into a tube placed in the inferior vena cava (IVC) or the aorta. a. IVC: A histological study done immediately after DCT showed an area of necrosis in the wall of the IVC in all 19 rabbits. A study done 7 days after DCT showed damage in the IVC wall of all five animals examined. b. Aorta: A histological study done immediately after DCT showed a small edematous area in the wall of the aorta in seven of the 22 animals, and no evidence of any damage in the other 15. A study done 7 days after DCT showed no damage in any of the 16 animals. The aorta was more suitable for use as the vessel to contain the cathode than the IVC, because injury of its wall was minor and reversible. Thus, transvascular DCT could be done safely by use of an Ag-coated cathode made of AgCl and placed in the aorta.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Gel permeation chromatography combined with capillary electrophoresis for microanalysis of proteins.

A new type of apparatus for the analysis of complex protein mixtures, in which gel permeation chromatography was combined with capillary electrophoresis, was constructed. Proteins were separated according to their molecular size in the first step, then separated according to their electrophoretic mobility in the second step. The outlet of a microbore column was connected with the sample injection port of a capillary electrophoresis apparatus. All the procedures of chromatography and electrophoresis were automated with the aid of a system controller. Preliminary results on the separation of proteins are presented.

Animals↗