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Biomedical subjects

T Magnusson

Publications and source records attributed to T Magnusson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Changes in temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction after surgical correction of dentofacial anomalies.

20 patients with dentofacial anomalies were investigated with respect to signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction, which was a common reason for requesting treatment. After surgical correction of the malocclusions, the patients were re-examined 1 week after removal of intermaxillary fixation (IMF), 6 months after surgery and, finally, after 1 to 2 1/2 years. Several of the patients complained of recurrent headaches before surgery and also reported several other subjective symptoms of temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction. At final control, a statistically significant reduction in headache frequency, as well as for the anamnestic dysfunction index as a whole, was noted. An impairment of clinical signs of temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction was noted 1 week after removal of IMF, but the situation then returned to that found preoperatively. At final control, a statistically significant reduction of the clinical dysfunction index used was noted. In line with other previous investigations, the patients were satisfied with the aesthetic result of the treatment. A statistically significant increase in number of occluding pairs of teeth was recorded postoperatively and the patients reported an improvement of chewing ability. It is concluded that surgical correction of dentofacial anomalies has a beneficial effect not only on aesthetic and dental occlusion but also upon signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Occlusal wear in miners.

The degree of occlusal wear was studied in two groups of miners, one with an employment time of 5-7 years and one who had been working in the mines for more than ten years. They were compared with two matched groups of white collar workers. In the two groups of miners a statistically significant higher degree of occlusal wear was found when comparisons were made with the control groups. The older miners had a poorer dental health and a higher degree of clinical signs of mandibular dysfunction than their control group, but no differences were found in these respects between the two younger groups. Because of this, it is concluded that the most possible reason for the differences found in occlusal wear between miners and white collar workers is differences in working environment, probably abrasive components in the air. In line with this, severe occlusal wear in miners ought to be classified as a damage caused by their work if no other factor can be traced as having a significant influence on the occlusal wear.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clinical judgement and patients' evaluation of complete dentures five years after treatment. A follow-up study.

An investigation of 39 complete denture wearers five year after receiving new dentures showed that the great majority of the patients were satisfied with their dentures. In the examiner's opinion, 60 per cent of the dentures were in need of corrections or replacement. A positive, but not statistically significant, correlation between the subjective and objective evaluation of the dentures was found. Although the patients were strongly advised not to wear their dentures at night, in order to preserve the denture-bearing tissue, most patients preferred to wear the dentures also at night. The patients had also been told to contact the clinic at least every two years for a clinical check-up, but more than half of the patients had not been in contact with a dentist during the five-year period. Those who had been to a dentist had, in all cases, done so because of acute problems. It is concluded that the agreement between patients' and examiners' opinions about the function of complete dentures is poor, and that denture acceptance is related to many variables. No single variable has a decisive effect on denture acceptance but the subjective opinion of the fit of the upper denture seemed to be the most important one. It is also stressed that a regular recall system is important for complete denture wearers. It is likely that if these patients had been seen regularly, minor corrections to the dentures could have been made, thus preventing or delaying the deterioration of the dentures.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Four-year longitudinal study of mandibular dysfunction in children.

A longitudinal study of clinical signs and subjective symptoms of mandibular dysfunction was performed with a 4-yr interval in 119 children, now 11 and 15 yr old. The results showed that 66% in both age groups had clinical signs while 62 and 66%, respectively, complained of subjective symptoms. In most cases the signs were mild, but 11% of the 11-yr-olds and 17% of the 15-yr-olds had moderate, or, in a few cases, severe signs of dysfunction. Most of the children with subjective symptoms had their symptoms occasionally but 3% in the younger and 11% in the older age group had frequent symptoms from the masticatory system. When comparisons were made with the findings 4 yr earlier, it was noted that the subjective symptoms had increased in frequency in the younger children, while the clinical signs had increased in both groups. These age differences, as well as the prevalence figures recorded longitudinally, agreed well with previous findings in cross-sectional investigations of different age groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

"On-off" phenomenon in Parkinson's disease: correlation to the concentration of dopa in plasma.

To investigate the relation between "on-off" fluctuations in symptomatology and bioavailability of dopa in patients with Parkinson's disease, five Parkinsonian patients with pronounced "on-off" symptoms were studied. Continuously during the study the degree of disability in the patients was registered. Every one hour, and in addition, whenever there was a change from "on" to "off" or vice versa, a blood sample was collected for dopa determination. Since dopa is transported from plasma into the brain by a saturable carrier for which it has to compete with endogenous large neutral amino acids (LNAA), the concentrations of these competitors were measured too. In four of the patients there were considerable oscillations in the plasma dopa concentration during the day; in one of these patients the highest value was as much as 12 times higher than the lowest value. These dramatic fluctuations in the absolute concentration of dopa in plasma had a major influence on the relative dopa concentrations (calculated as the ratio dopa/sum of LNAA) as the fluctuations in the concentrations of LNAA in plasma were much less pronounced. Consequently, the absolute and the relative concentrations of dopa in plasma were highly parallelled. In four of the five patients "on"-periods began within one hour after a peak in the concentration of dopa in plasma and in the fifth patient five out of seven "on"-periods were preceded by a rise in plasma dopa concentration within the same time interval. From the present data it could be concluded that the "on-off" phenomenon in Parkinson's disease, at least partly, is due to oscillations in the concentration of dopa in plasma. A reduction in the variations of the concentration of dopa in plasma seems to be necessary to overcome the "on-off" problem. The introduction of a slow release preparation of dopa is therefore urgently warranted. The concentration of LNAA in plasma must, however, also be considered in this context.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Signs and symptoms of mandibular dysfunction after introduction of experimental balancing-side interferences.

A double-blind study was performed in two groups of young, healthy women without signs or symptoms of mandibular dysfunction. Each group contained 12 individuals. In one of the groups, balancing-side interferences were applied bilaterally, whereas the application was simulated in the other group. The participants were re-examined after 2 weeks. Ten individuals in the experimental group reported one or more subjective symptoms during the 2 weeks, whereas seven exhibited clinical signs of dysfunction. The commonest symptom was headache, and the commonest clinical sign was muscles tender to palpation. In the control group, three individuals reported subjective symptoms, and three had clinical signs of dysfunction. One week after elimination of the interferences, all signs and symptoms had disappeared in all individuals but two. In these two subjects it took 6 weeks before pre-experimental conditions were restored. It is concluded that there is no simple relationship between interferences and signs and symptoms of dysfunction. How the individual reacts to local factors depends on his or her psychic condition. In some individuals addition of balancing-side interferences is sufficient to create dysfunction. The findings thus underline the importance of local factors in the etiology of mandibular dysfunction but show that a relationship is not obligatory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Patients referred for stomatognathic treatment--a survey of 282 patients.

The signs and symptoms of mandibular dysfunction and the treatment results were studied in 282 patients referred to the Clinic of Stomatognathic Physiology, Luleå, Sweden. Seventy two per cent of the patients were women. The most common clinical finding was muscles tender to palpation, which was found in 60% of the patients, but other signs such as TMJ-clickings (27%) and limited mandibular movement (16%) were common, as were interferences in the retruded position (33%) and on the non-working side (19%). Splint therapy, therapeutic exercises for the lower jaw and occlusal adjustment in combination with counselling were by far the most common modes of therapy. More than half of the patients had completed the course of treatment within four visits and only a few patients needed more than ten visits. Eighty one per cent of the patients reported no or only mild symptoms after treatment but in a few cases fairly severe or very severe symptoms persisted. The investigation shows that most patients referred because of mandibular dysfunction can be cured or improved with relatively simple treatment methods and after a few visits. In some cases, however, the patients need more complex and time-consuming treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A 21/2-year follow-up of changes in headache and mandibular dysfunction after stomatognathic treatment.

A 21/2-year follow-up of the treatment results in 52 patients with mandibular dysfunction and recurrent headache has been compared with pretreatment and 1-year follow-up findings. It was shown that (1) the clinical and subjective improvement observed after 1 year was maintained in most patients after 21/2 years, (2) 13% of patients received no benefit from treatment, (3) 10% of patients had relapses during the follow-up period, (4) 8% of patients thought that they needed further treatment, and (5) nearly 50% of those treated continued to use an occlusal splint at regular or periodic intervals, but few continued use of therapeutic exercises for more than 3 months. It can be concluded that the long-term prognosis for treatment of mandibular dysfunction is good even when recurrent headache is considered a symptom of this complex syndrome.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Substance P: structural requirements for the activation of brain catecholamine synthesis and locomotor activity in rats.

Intracerebroventricularly administered Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2 (substance P, SP) enhanced the accumulation of DOPA after inhibition of the aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in the rat brain. SP also stimulated locomotor activity in a dose-dependent manner. A total of 31 structural analogues of SP were evaluated with respect to the action on brain monoamine synthesis as well as on locomotor activity. Catecholamine synthesis: SP1-10 was inactive which indicated that the [Met11]-NH2 terminal is essential for biological activity; [Leu10], [Phe7] and [Gln6] were also essential for activity; the minimum length requirement for activity was a hexapeptide amide structure. D-Amino acids in positions 8 or 9 increased activity. [D-Pro2]p-SP and [pGlu5, Gly7]-SP5-11 were active in the dopamine-rich areas, but inactive in the noradrenaline (norepinephrine)-predominant parts of the brain. The inactive [Ile7]-SP potentiated the effect of SP. Neither SP nor its analogues, with the exception of [Lys5,D-Leu8,D-Phe9]-SP5-11, increased the synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). Locomotor activity: SP1-10 and [D-Phe9]-SP were as active as SP; [Ile7]-SP and [Ile7, Ile8]-SP were inactive and they did not antagonize the effect of SP. The results indicate that after chemical manipulation of the SP molecule it is possible to obtain great variation in activity and to dissociate to some extent the behavioural effects from those on brain catecholamine synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Change in recurrent headache and mandibular dysfunction after treatment with new complete dentures.

The changes in headache and mandibular dysfunction were studied in a group of forty-three complete denture wearers 6 months after treatment with new complete dentures. All patients completed a questionnaire and all were subjected to clinical examination of the function of the masticatory system. Eleven of the seventeen patients with recurrent headache reported less frequent headache 6 months after treatment and nine reported that the headache was less severe. There was also a statistically significant reduction of clinical signs of dysfunction of the masticatory system.

Consumer Behavior↗