Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Maeda.
The computed tomographic (CT) appearance of a choledochal cyst is reported. Although the appearance on the precontrast scan was highly suggestive of this diagnosis, the definitive was made on CT following the intravenous administration of a biliary contrast agent.
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Twenty-seven patients were studied for cerebral blood perfusion abnormalities using krypton 81m. A solution of 81mKr was continuously infused into an internal carotid artery, and single-photon emission computed tomograms were recorded. The transverse section images using 81mKr represented the three-dimensional regional cerebral blood perfusion, and this technique seemed to be useful for evaluating the regional cerebral blood perfusion in the deep brain.
A 1-year controlled trial was performed to confirm the effects of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1 alpha-OH-D3) in chronic hemodialysis patients. Initially, a daily dose of 2 micrograms of 1 alpha-OH-D3 was given orally to 24 patients and its placebo to another 24 patients during the first 3 months. For the following 9 months the dose of 1 alpha-OH-D3 or its placebo was reduced to 1 microgram per day in the individual groups. Serum calcium was significantly increased to the normal level after 1 month of treatment and sustained at this level for 1 year. Serum parathyroid hormone was significantly decreased at 3 months. Serum alkaline phosphatase was decreased to the normal level at the 5th month and thereafter. At 2 months serum phosphorus was significantly increased in the 1 alpha-OH-D3 group. None of the patients on 1 alpha-OH-D3 showed increased subperiosteal resorption on X-rays, whereas 8 out of 20 patients on placebo did (p less than 0.002). No adverse effects were seen apart from 3 patients with the 'red eye' of scleral calcification.
The present study described 3 patients with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis associated with diabetes mellitus. Clinical characteristics of the 3 patients contrasted with diabetic glomerulosclerosis in the following manner: absence of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, and presence of nephrotic syndrome associated with relatively short duration of diabetes mellitus. Renal histology showed the characteristic changes of membranous glomerulonephritis along with those of diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated a granular pattern of IgG and C3 deposits along the glomerular capillary wall. Electron microscopic study also demonstrated thickening of glomerular basement membrane and increase of mesangial matrix as well as the presence of electron-dense deposits primarily in the subepithelial and mesangial areas.
Twenty-seven patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD), ages 2 months to 2 years, were evaluated by both M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) with the aid of a peripheral venous contrast technique. M-mode echocardiography was unreliable for imaging VSD. Using 2-D echo, defects in the interventricular septum were visualized in all patients examined; defects in the membranous portion (24 patients) were visualized by the subcostal frontal approach and defects in the supracristal portion (three patients) by the subcostal sagittal approach. The 2-D echo contrast study revealed negative contrast jets appearing through the defect in the right ventricle in 22 patients with a pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio greater than 2.0, and positive contrast jets appearing through the defect in the left ventricle in 13 patients with a right-to-left ventricular peak pressure ratio greater than 0.71. We conclude that 2-D echo with peripheral contrast technique confirmed the anatomic location of VSD and indicated the approximate right-to-left ventricular peak pressure ratio, showing the contrast material shunting through the defect itself.
radioimmunoassays have been developed which enable accurate and sensitive determination of gliclazide in human serum. Antisera A and B against gliclazide were obtained from guinea pigs immunized with conjugates A and B prepared by coupling gliclazide homologues, 1-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-3-(4'-carboxypiperidino)urea and 1-(4-methyl-3-carboxybenzenesulfonyl)-3-(3-azabicyclo[3,3,0]oct-3-yl)urea, to bovine serum albumin. 3H-Gliclazide was used as a tracer. Dextran-coated charcoal was used to separate bound and free 3H-gliclazide in the reaction mixture. The assays of gliclazide in serum were possible over a concentration range from 0.25 to 20 microgram/ml with the antiserum A and from 0.1 to 10 microgram/ml with the antiserum B, respectively, using 0.01 ml of human serum without the need for an extraction procedure. The antisera used for the assays were specific for gliclazide. Data obtained by the radioimmunoassay with the antiserum A are in good agreement with those by the radioimmunoassay with the antiserum B and gas-liquid chromatography. Serum levels of gliclazide in healthy volunteers receiving single oral dosing (40 mg/subject) have also been determined.
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Serum beta 2-microglobulin was determined in 53 patients with chronic liver diseases. No elevation was shown in fatty liver due to obesity or alcoholism. Serum beta 2-microglobulin was abnormal only in 4% of the patients with chronic hepatitis. Determination of serum beta 2-microglobulin seems not useful for the differential diagnosis between chronic hepatitis and fatty liver due to obesity or alcoholism. Serum beta 2-microglobulin was elevated in 29% of the patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, in 41% of those with non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis, and in 75% of those with primary liver carcinoma. The average serum beta 2-microglobulin concentration was significantly higher in non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis than in alcoholic liver cirrhosis. There was a significant correlation between serum beta 2-microglobulin and gamma-globulin concentrations in liver cirrhosis.
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A negative pressure red cell filteration technique using polycarbonate sieve (Nuclepore) was devised for the observation of red cell filterability (RCF) in diabetes. A significant increase of HbA1 was suggested to be closely correlated to the decrease of RCF. A greater decrease of RCF was observed in diabetics with advanced retinopathy. The increased 2,3-DPG of red cells has been observed in diabetes, but P50 changed much less than might be expected. Improved RCF was observed when Pentoxifylline was added into red cell suspensions. This suggests that Pentoxifylline will have a good effect on microcirculation where impared circulation is observed.
A cell line of a benign tumor, trichilemmoma, was established in vitro and has been maintained in culture for 1.5 years with more than 30 passages. Plating efficiency was less than 0.1%, and population doubling time was 10 days. Saturation density was 10(5) cells/sq cm at the time of a monolayer with 98% cell viability. Ultrastructurally, tissue-cultured trichilemmoma cells showed desmosome-tonofilament complexes at cell-to-cell junctions. The tissue-cultured cells synthesized abundant glycogen (50 to 100 microgram/10(6) cells) e was 10 days. Saturation density was 10(5) cells/sq cm at the time of a monolayer with 98% cell viability. Ultrastructurally, tissue-cultured trichilemmoma cells showed desmosome-tonofilament complexes at cell-to-cell junctions. The tissue-cultured cells synthesized abundant glycogen (50 to 100 microgram/10(6) cells) e was 10 days. Saturation density was 10(5) cells/sq cm at the time of a monolayer with 98% cell viability. Ultrastructurally, tissue-cultured trichilemmoma cells showed desmosome-tonofilament complexes at cell-to-cell junctions. The tissue-cultured cells synthesized abundant glycogen (50 to 100 microgram/10(6) cells) as observed in vivo. Gas chromatographic analysis revealed that extracted glycogen was composed of glucose alone. Chromosome analyses with trypsin-Giemsa banding showed an abnormal karyotype with hypodiploid modal numbers of 44 and 45. There were four marker chromosomes observed in 100% of cells in 100 metaphase cells examined. Cells did not grow on fibroblast monolayers or in soft agar in vitro but did induce tumors in athymic nude mice (12 of 15) after the s.c. injection of tissue-cultured cells (2.5 x 10(6) to 4.5 x 10(7) cells/mouse). The histological characteristics of the tumors in nude mice were similar to those of the original tumor. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that a benign human tumor cell line has been established in vitro which can induce tumors in nude mice.
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Various Tc-99m-labeled N'-substituted derivatives of ethylenediamine-N,N-diacetic acid (EDDA) are evaluated as hepatobiliary imaging agents. N-substituted aromatic acyl and aromatic sulfonyl derivatives of EDDA, labeled with Tc-99m, were administered to rabbits and golden hamsters, and the distribution indicated clearance by the hepatobiliary system. N'-aromatic sulfonyl EDDAs were labeled with Tc-99m by the SnCl2 method with more than 99% yield. Clearance of Tc-99m-p-toluenesulfonyl EDDA from the blood and the liver was as rapid as that of TC-99m N-(2,6-diethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl)iminodiacetic acid (Tc-99m benzenesulfonyl EDDA lowered urinary excretion. It is concluded that the sulfonyl EDDAs provide a fruitful source for Tc-99m-labeled hepatobiliary radiopharmaceuticals.
In order to examine eligibility of supersonic vibration energy for investigating cell-material contract, L-strain fibroblasts were cultivated on glass surface and exposed to supersonic vibration. The cells adhered to the glass surface were detached by supersonic vibration and both of adhered cells to the glass surface and detached cells after the supersonic exposure were cultivated for one week. And the cell activity of the detached cells was estimated with cell multiplication by cell nuclei counting and their morphological changes. As a result, use of supersonic vibration energy was found effective in expressing degrees of cell adhesiveness to glass or biomaterials. The most appropriate vibration was decided at 485 KHz in frequency, 5 V in secondary voltage and approximately 30 seconds. It is revealed that the results may be effective in the analysis of cell-biomaterial contact.