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Biomedical subjects

T Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Maeda.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A comparative study of the measurement of urinary kallikrein by various methods in patients with essential hypertension and patients with proteinuria.

In order to investigate the validity of urinary kallikrein (KAL) measurement, comparative studies were performed among the values obtained by various methods of urinary KAL measurements. Daily urine samples were collected from 37 hospitalized normal subjects (NS, 21 essential hypertensives without complications (EHT) and 20 patients with renal diseases associated with proteinuria (PU). Urinary KAL excretions were determined by direct radioimmunoassay (RIA), kininogenase assay (K-genase), TAMe esterase assay (TAMe), and PPA-MCA (MCA) and PPA-NE amidase assay (NE). By the desalting procedure, urinary KAL levels showed significant changes in TAMe, MCA and NE, but not in d-RIA and K-genase in all three groups. In TAMe, MCA and NE, the recovery of added KAL in urine was significantly lower in non-desalted samples in both EHT and PU, but not in NS. Impaired recovery and correlations between d-RIA or K-genase and TAMe, MCA or NE in non-desalted samples were improved by desalting. Although good correlations were observed between d-RIA or K-genase and TAMe, MCA or NE in desalted samples, the slopes of curves were steeper in EHT and PU than in NS, suggesting that the synthetic substrate methods still have some problems in the KAL measurement in these pathological states, KAL inhibitor, aprotinin and gabezate mesilate did not suppress the esterclytic and amidolytic activities completely, but suppressed K-genase activity completely in PU urine samples, suggesting that certain kinds of non-KAL esterases might remain in PU urine samples. Thus, d-RIA and K-genase appear to be the most reliable methods in the measurement of urinary KAL quantity and activity, respectively.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical demonstration of nerves in the predentin and dentin of human third molars with the use of an antiserum against neurofilament protein (NFP).

Immunohistochemistry by use of an antiserum against neurofilament protein (NFP) was applied for staining nerve fibers in the predentin and dentin of human third molars. By devising methods for fixation, decalcification and immunostaining, nerve fibers were clearly and specifically demonstrated in thick (more than 50 micron) sections of teeth. Numerous NFP-positive fibers were distributed in the predentin throughout the coronal region, while a few positive fibers penetrated only a short distance into the dentin. The NFP-positive nerve fibers in the predentin took transverse and complicated courses across, rather than penetrating longitudinally through, the dentinal tubules. Pain sensation in the teeth might be attributable to these complex nerve fibers showing two- or three-dimensional extensions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of sensory cutaneous nerve fibers in guinea-pig lip using endogenous oxidase histochemistry.

We developed a new histochemical method based on endogenous oxidase activity for the detection of cutaneous nerves in guinea-pig lips. After the application of a reaction mixture containing 0.14 mM 3,3'-diaminobenzidine(DAB) and 15 mM nickel ammonium sulfate in Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.6), many blue-black sensory fibers were observed, i.e., dermal nerve fiber bundles, perifollicular plexuses, Merkel-cell endings, and Meissner-like nerve endings. The autonomic fibers of the skin were not stained. Electron microscopy revealed that the reaction product was mainly localized on mitochondrial cristae. The addition of 0.01 M sodium azide completely inhibited the reaction. This technique is simple and preferentially stains sensory nerves.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed1986

Rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes and T3 expression in the absence of rearrangement of T-cell receptor beta-chain gene in a patient with T-cell malignant lymphoma.

We describe the rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes and T3 expression in the absence of rearrangement of T-cell receptor beta-chain genes in a patient with T-cell malignant lymphoma. He had a mediastinal mass and his lymphoma cells expressed T-cell antigens (OKT3+, OKT9+, and OKT10+). When we examined genomic DNA from the lymphoma cells, we detected the rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes with a germ-line configuration of light chain genes and no rearrangement of T-cell receptor beta-chain gene. These results indicated that the rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes could occur in T-cell malignant lymphoma, and that T3 antigen could be expressed prior to the rearrangement of T-cell receptor beta-chain genes under certain circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Topographic atlas of monoamine oxidase-containing neurons in the rat brain studied by an improved histochemical method.

The distribution of monoamine oxidase-containing neuronal somata was studied in the rat brain by using an improved enzyme histochemical technique of the coupled peroxidatic oxidation method applied to fixed free-floating sections. The majority of monoamine oxidase-containing neuronal somata appeared to correspond with well-known cell groups of monoamine-containing neurons with a few exceptions. The enzyme appeared to coexist also in histamine-containing neurons in the posterior hypothalamus. Furthermore, monoamine oxidase activity was localized in apparently non-monoaminergic cells in the mesencephalon, hypothalamus, thalamus and telencephalon.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Early development of serotonin neuron in the rat brain as studied by immunohistochemistry combined with tryptophan administration.

Early differentiation of serotonin (5HT) neurons was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in the metencephalon of rat embryos of CR lengths of 6 mm to 22 mm. Pregnant dams were treated with tryptophan (100 mg/kg) and pargyline (100 mg/kg). The synthesis of 5HT after tryptophan loading first occurs at any stage in the premature cells located in the ependymal layer. The cells appearing at the later embryonic stage begin 5HT synthesis at an earlier developmental stage of neurons with greater capacity to produce 5HT. Two different processes were revealed for the development of 5HT neurons. Most of the 5HT neuroblasts first give off axonal processes and then begin to migrate toward the mantle layer with reversed rotation. Some of the 5HT neuroblasts, later generated in the rostral pons in particular, display characteristic transformation without notable migration. After sending out of axonal processes ventrally, the apical processes are transformed into a number of dendritic processes directed toward the ventricular surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Studies of the factors causing abnormal acrosomes and crooked-necks in fowl spermatozoa during freezing and thawing.

In order to investigate the factors causing crooked-necked spermatozoa (CNS) or those with abnormal acrosomes during freezing and thawing, fowl spermatozoa in NaCl or glucose solutions containing 92 ml glycerol/l were examined using a scanning electron microscope before and after freezing and thawing. The incidence of CNS in NaCl solution significantly increased after freezing and thawing, but not in glucose solution. The acrosomal damage caused by freezing and thawing was considerable in both solutions, and the incidence of damage in glucose solution was significantly higher than that in NaCl solution. In neither solution was there a significant difference between the incidence of acrosomal damage in CNS and in non-CNS. The ratios of incidences of abnormal acrosome after, versus before, freezing were higher in non-CNS than in CNS. It appears from these results that the factors during freezing and thawing which cause CNS may differ from those causing acrosomal damage.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1986

Production of stable mouse x human hybridomas secreting HBs antigen-specific human monoclonal antibody by using in vitro sensitization.

The stable mouse x human hybridomas were established by cell fusion of a mouse myeloma cell line, a P3-X63-Ag8-653 (P3-653) subclone, with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMs) from normal volunteers for production of human monoclonal antibody against a predefined, clinically important antigen of viral origin, hepatitis-B surface (HBs) antigen. For successful mouse x human fusions, it was extremely important to preselect volunteers and to sensitize their PBMs by using in vitro sensitization. The resulting mouse x human hybridomas have continuously secreted a relatively high amount of human monoclonal antibodies to HBs antigen over nine months without cloning.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Induction of squamous cell carcinoma in the rat lung by 1,6-dinitropyrene.

The carcinogenicity of 1-nitropyrene [(1-NP) CAS: 5522-43-0] and 1,6-dinitropyrene [(1,6-DNP) CAS: 42397-64-8] was examined by their direct injection in a beeswax-tricaprylin vehicle into the lung of male F344/DuCrj rats. Of 28 rats given 0.15 mg of 1,6-DNP, 21 (75%) developed squamous cell carcinomas, 2 (7%) developed undifferentiated carcinomas, and 2 (7%) had squamous metaplasias in the lung by 72 weeks. In 32 rats that received 1.5 mg of 1-NP, neither carcinoma nor squamous metaplasia was induced. In all 19 rats (100%) given 0.5 mg of 3-methylcholanthrene [(MCA) CAS: 56-49-5], squamous cell carcinomas were induced earlier than in rats treated with 1,6-DNP. In 1 of 31 rats (3%) given the beeswax-tricaprylin vehicle only, squamous metaplasia was induced. Distant metastases of induced tumors were observed in 4 rats treated with 1,6-DNP and in 1 rat receiving MCA. Two lung tumors induced by 1,6-DNP were successively transplanted into the same strain of rats for 3 generations.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets during radiotherapy for lung cancer patients.

In order to better understand the immunologic effects of irradiation, blood levels of lymphocyte subsets were sequentially monitored in 37 patients before and during irradiation treatment for lung cancer. During irradiation, the peripheral blood levels of each T cell subgroup, OKT3-reactive (OKT3+), OKT4+, OKT8+ and OKT11+ lymphocytes showed similar radiosensitivity. No selective depletion of either OKT4+ or OKT8+ lymphocytes was seen. The levels of OKT6+ and OKT9+ lymphocytes were different depending on the case. At the end of irradiation, the percent of lymphocytes bearing the OKT10 antigen increased significantly. As to OKM1+ and OKIa1+ lymphocytes, the levels were almost consistent but showed a rather big standard deviation.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Visualization of detailed acetylcholinesterase fiber and neuron staining in rat brain by a sensitive histochemical procedure.

A sensitive method for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry has been developed which permits simultaneous observation of fine fiber processes and neuron cell bodies. In rat brain, distinctive configurations can be observed which have been difficult to see by other techniques. The staining procedure involves two steps. Tissue sections are incubated first in Karnovsky and Roots medium diluted one-hundredfold; and then with a mixture containing diaminobenzidine (DAB) and H2O2. The reaction product of the first step induces cleavage of hydrogen peroxide in the second step, with a resulting oxidation of DAB to yield a fine precipitate. Addition of metal ions, such as nickel, to the DAB-H2O2 mixture produces high-contrast, Golgi-like images of neuron structures. The technique is much more sensitive than previous methods and greatly reduces background staining caused by crystallization of reaction products. Many potential applications exist for this new technique, in addition to the initial results described here.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1986

Monoamine oxidase in rat ovary during the estrous cycle. A histochemical study by a new coupled peroxidatic oxidation method.

A new coupled peroxidatic oxidation method for histochemical detection of monoamine oxidase (MAO) was applied to rat ovary. With this new method, fixed tissues could be used, and two forms of MAO could be identified by use of selective inhibitors. MAO activity was observed in the corpora lutea, interstitial gland cells, and blood vessels. In the corpora lutea, no activity was detected during the first estrous cycle, but strong activity was observed in the next two cycles. MAO in blood vessels showed characteristic changes of activity during the estrous cycle. The results suggest that MAO activity might possibly be involved in ovulation and progesterone metabolism in the ovary. Like other organs, rat ovary was found to contain two types of MAO; type A MAO was predominant in the corpora lutea. On the other hand, only one type of MAO, type B, was found in the blood vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Atrial filling fraction obtained by aortic root echocardiogram in man.

Atrial filling fraction obtained by left ventricular echocardiogram (AFF by LV echo) is considered to be a reliable measure of AFF of LV. However, in patients with LV asynergy, AFF by LV echo cannot be evaluated correctly by this method. To obtain AFF, we devised a new echocardiographic index of AFF, obtained from the aortic-left atrial echogram (AFF by Ao echo), and examined the significance of this index in 9 normal subjects (Normals) and 49 patients with various heart diseases. The correlation between AFF by Ao echo and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) also was examined. In an additional 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction (acute MI), the relationship between AFF by Ao echo and pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressure (PAEDP) was studied for several days following the onset of MI. Results were as follows: In Normal patients and patients without asynergy, a significant correlation was seen between AFF by LV echo and AFF by Ao echo (r = 0.710, p less than 0.001). The value of AFF by Ao echo was always greater than that by LV echo. AFF by Ao echo in patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD), angina pectoris (AP) and old myocardial infarction (old MI) was significantly higher than that in Normal patients. A significant curvilinear correlation was seen between AFF by Ao echo and LVEDP (r = 0.673, p less than 0.005). In patients with acute MI, AFF by Ao echo correlated well with PAEDP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Study on suppressed uptake by the liver in 67Ga scintigraphy].

During the past 3 years, we have performed 1525 studies of 67Ga scintigraphy and 38 cases of these showed suppressed liver uptake; 19 cases after chemotherapy, 13 cases with liver dysfunction and 6 cases with competitive blockade. Many cases in chemotherapy used cyclophosphamide and vincristine, and were performed 67Ga scan within 1 week after chemotherapy. In cases showed suppressed uptake by liver after chemotherapy, serum Fe was markedly increased and UIBC was markedly decreased (p less than 0.01). This suggested that serum Fe influenced suppressed uptake by liver more than carrier-protein, disturbed hepatic cells, and receptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dinitro derivatives of pyrene and fluoranthene in diesel emission particulates and their tumorigenicity in mice and rats.

A number of mutagens/carcinogens in diesel emission particulates are produced and distributed into the atmosphere. On the basis of the results of chemical analysis, it was found that most of the mutagenicity in diesel particulate extracts is due to super-mutagens such as 1,3-, 1,6- and 1,8-DNP, and 3,7- and 3,9-DNF. 3,7- and 3,9-DNF are new mutagens which were isolated in this study and they induced a frameshift type mutation in the Salmonella microsome test. Each derivative of DNP and DNF was detected at a concentration of 0.01 to 0.03 ppm in the particulates while the diesel engine was used under the condition of idling. 1,6- and 1,8-DNP were tumorigenic at the injection site in BALB/c male mice when a total of 2 and 1 mg, respectively, of the compounds was given subcutaneously. The incidences for tumors by 60 weeks were at a ratio of 50 and 30%, respectively, for 1,6- and 1,8-DNP-treated mice. 4-NQO and BaP, as positive control, induced tumors at the injection site in BALB/c mice when a total of 2 and 1 mg, respectively, of the compound was given. The incidences of tumors were observed at a high ratio of 90 and 93.4%, respectively, for 4-NQO- and BaP-treated mice. Histologically the tumors were diagnosed as malignant fibrous histiocytomas in all the tumors which developed. No tumors occurred at the injection site in mice given injections of 1,3-DNP. Tumorigenicity tests of 3,7- and 3,9-DNF are now being attempted using F344/DuCrj male rats. This animal experiment is now in progress. In the 3,9-DNF-treated rats (a total of 1 mg per rat), subcutaneous tumors developed in 8 of 11 rats up to 150 days after injection, and a part of a tumor resected from a rat showed the typical features of rhabdomyosarcoma.

Animals↗