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Biomedical subjects

T Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Maeda.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Organ specificity of the antigens reacting with the 48-1 and S-1 antibodies in chimpanzees infected with hepatitis C virus.

48-1 and S-1 antibodies produced by lymphoblastoid cells transformed with Epstein-Barr virus were reported to be associated with infection by not only the hepatitis non-A, non-B (NANB) virus but also hepatitis delta virus. Appearance of the antigens reacting with these antibodies in the liver of chimpanzees was recently found to be a host response to alpha-interferon induced by infections of both viruses. To investigate organ specificity of these antigens, various organs obtained from chimpanzees with hepatitis C (NANB) were examined. In addition to the liver, the adrenals and spleen were found to be positive by immunofluorescence. The positive reactions of these three organs were also confirmed by radioimmunoassay. By electron microscopy, microtubular aggregates similar to those observed in the liver were detected in the adrenals, but not in the spleen. The results suggested that these antigens existed in the liver, adrenal, and probably spleen of chimpanzees infected with hepatitis C.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1991

[A statistical analysis of serum sialyl Lewis X-1 (SLX), CEA, SCC and NSE levels in patients with lung cancer].

Serum SLX, CEA, SCC and NSE levels were serially measured in 266 patients with lung cancer and compared with those in 345 patients with benign respiratory disorders (BRD). The positive rate for CEA in lung cancer (44.4%) and the false-positive rate in BRD (15.3%) were the highest among the 4 markers. The positive rate for SLX in lung cancer (32.0%) was lower than that of CEA, while the false-positive rate for SLX in BRD (7.2%) was lower than that of CEA. The positive rate for SLX was highest in adenocarcinoma and correlated better with the clinical stages than did CEA. SCC and NSE were specifically elevated in squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, respectively. Using these 4 markers, only 70.2% of patients were correctly diagnosed as having lung cancer or BRD. In monitoring treatment effect, only SLX showed a statistically significant correlation with regression and progression in adenocarcinoma, while NSE and SLX showed such a correlation in small cell carcinoma. Serum tumor markers seem to be less sensitive for the diagnosis of lung cancer than chest X-ray and sputum cytology, indicating that a search for more specific markers is still required. However, in monitoring treatment effect, SLX appeared to be suitable for adenocarcinoma, while NSE and SLX seemed to be useful in small cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Significant non-serotonergic raphe projection to the visual cortex of the rat. An immunohistochemical study combined with retrograde tracing.

The present study investigated the distribution of serotonergic and non-serotonergic raphe neurons with direct projections to the visual cortex. The study employed the WGA-apoHRP-Au retrograde transport technique combined with 5-HT immunohistochemical staining. Retrogradely labeled cells were observed in the dorsal raphe nucleus, the median raphe nucleus, and in the B9 and B6 cell groups. One notable finding was the great number of retrogradely labeled, non-5-HT immunoreactive cells. The average percentages of such cells in the various raphe regions were as follows: DR: 52% (n = 401); MR: 35% (n = 311); B9: 24% (n = 129); B6: 95% (n = 200). The present study demonstrated the presence of a significant proportion of non-serotonergic raphe region neurons projecting to the primary visual cortex in the rat. It is suggested that these neurons may complement the aminergic neurons as part of the ascending system which controls the functions of the visual cortex.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Decreased prolactin level in secretory granules and their increased exocytosis in estrogen-induced pituitary hyperplasia in rats treated with a dopamine agonist.

Treatment with bromocriptine (CB) stimulates the release of secretory granules from human prolactinomas by exocytosis in spite of a remarkable decrease in serum prolactin (PRL) levels. In an attempt to elucidate the reasons for this phenomenon, secretory granules were analyzed in estrogen-induced pituitary hyperplasia in rats which served as a model of human disease. The amount of protein contained in cell fractions rich in secretory granules was the same in CB-treated pituitaries as that in the controls, whereas PRL levels decreased to about a half the level of the controls. Morphometric analysis using point-counting and electron immunocytochemistry revealed that the PRL concentrations in secretory granules decreased to about 50% after CB-treatment. Serum PRL levels estimated by counting the exocytotic secretory granules were remarkably lower in CB-treated rats than in the controls. It was suggested that the composition of secretory granules changed or that nonhormonal constituents in the granules disintegrated more slowly after CB treatment, thus allowing exocytosed granules to be observed more frequently. Additionally CB might also suppress a bypass release of PRL by which PRL is secreted without being packaged into secretory granules.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A study concerning radiographic diagnosis in dental caries of primary teeth. 1. The investigation on the indications for pulpotomy with formocresol].

The prognosis in the pulpotomy procedure with Formocresol during primary teeth has an excellent clinical results. On the other hand, some reports of a poor prognosis in radiographic findings were found. To obtain valuable information about the indications for pulpotomy procedures is quite difficult in the case of children concerning. In 1972, Kurihara reported radiographic findings the indications for the pulpotomy procedure in primary molars with a stable stage having no root absorption. The authors investigated the clinical and radiographic changes 6 months after the pulpotomy procedure with Formocresol. 26 primary lower molars having four criteria obtained from 3 to 7 year old patients were treated, and 4 primary lower molars were used as controls without the criteria. We found that the dental lamina dura were an especially important finding to judge the indications for pulpotomy with Formocresol in primary molars.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Platelet-induced granulocyte aggregation in vitro.

Recent studies have shown that the response of granulocytes to stimulation is increased by the presence of platelets. Using an assay based on counting aggregates with a Coulter Counter, we found that heparinized or citrated platelet-rich plasma directly caused aggregation of isolated granulocytes. Platelets themselves were frequently present within the granulocyte aggregates. The degree of aggregation depended on the platelet:granulocyte ratio, and increased over a 2--5 min period of mixing, with a slower increase thereafter. Aggregation was calcium-dependent, increased by stimulation of the platelets with ADP or collagen but not serotonin, and only slightly reduced by a thrombin inhibitor (hirudin, at concentrations up to 0.9 U/ml). A similar adhesive interaction in vivo might be relevant to thrombotic and ischaemic pathology.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1991

[Pulmonary interstitial pneumonia in association with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome].

A 33-year-old albinotic woman whose parents were consanguineous was referred to our hospital with dry cough, dyspnea on exertion, and diffuse reticulonodular shadows on chest X-ray film. She had no apparent bleeding diathesis, although platelet serotonin content and ATP release were reduced. Open lung biopsy revealed pulmonary interstitial fibrosis with deposition of ceroid-like material with alveolar and interstitial macrophages. From these findings, the diagnosis of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) with interstitial pneumonia was mode. The reported characteristics of pulmonary interstitial pneumonia associated with HPS are occurrence of this disease in the thirties to forties, diffuse reticulonodular shadows in all lung fields with sparing of the subpleural zones, and bullous formation in the upper lobes. Progression usually occurs to diffuse interstitial fibrosis, but these is little decrease in lung volume. The prognosis of HPS with interstitial pneumonia is worse than that of uncomplicated HPS, and patients die of respiratory failure within 1 to 6 years after diagnosis. Steroid therapy is not effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Common bile duct cancer with massive necrosis mimicking choledochal dilatation on CT. Case report.

Carcinomas of the common bile duct are usually seen as dilatation of the bile duct proximal to a solid mass on CT. In the case reported here, the common bile duct cancer itself mimicked dilated common bile duct on CT because of massive necrosis. In a case of simulating dilated common bile duct on CT, and discrepancy between CT and ultrasonography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, a common bile duct cancer with massive necrosis should be included in the differential diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[A double-labeling study of serotonin neurons that project to the visual cortex of developing rat brain].

Immunohistochemical studies of developing rat brains revealed aggregation of serotonin terminal fibers in the visual cortex at from 7 to 14 postnatal days. This aggregation is transient, disappearing 2 weeks after birth. The cells of origin of these serotonin terminals were investigated using double-labeling with retrogradely transported WGA-apoHRP-Au and serotonin immunohistochemistry. WGA-apoHRP-Au was injected into the rat visual cortex on the 9th day after birth. The rats were allowed to survive for 2 days and sacrificed with perfusion. Cryostat sections of the brain were processed with silver-enhancement to develop the retrogradely transported WGA-apoHRP-Au, and then serotonin immunohistochemistry was performed. Double-labeled cells that were labeled with WGA-apoHRP-Au and serotonin-immunoreactive were found mostly in the raphe medianus and raphe dorsalis in rostral and caudal sections of the mesencephalon, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of diffuse slow washout in dipyridamole loading thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy].

To assess the significance of diffuse slow washout (DSW) in dipyridamole loading thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, 382 patients were studied. DSW were observed in 69 (24%) of 285 patients with perfusion defects, 5 (5%) of 97 patients without perfusion defects. There was significant relation between DSW and perfusion defects (p less than 0.01). Coronary angiography showed multivessel disease in 84% single vessel disease in 12% of patients with DSW and multivessel disease in 28%, single vessel disease in 50% of patients without DSW. During a mean follow up period of 29 months, initial CABG or PTCA were done in 41%, cardiac death occurred in 12%, nonfatal cardiac events occurred in 7% of patients with DSW and perfusion defects. In patients without DSW, initial CABG or PTCA were done in 11%, cardiac death occurred in 7%, nonfatal cardiac events occurred in 5%. Patients without perfusion defects had good prognosis regardless of the presence or absence of DSW. In conclusion, DSW indicates serious cardiac ischemia in patients with perfusion defects. DSW does not indicate cardiac ischemia in patients without perfusion defects.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Serial changes in QT interval during the course of acute ischemic episode: with special reference to intracoronary electrograms].

The change in electrocardiogram (ECG) during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was investigated by recording both standard 12 lead ECG (surface ECG) and intracoronary electrogram (ic-ECG) before, during and after PTCA with right atrium pacing (80/min). During the ischemia induced by PTCA, the amplitude of QRS complex revealed an initial decrease in amplitude and later increase in ic-ECG, however, it only showed an initial decrease in surface ECG up to 5 minutes, while the QRS interval showed a significant decrease in only in ic-ECG (77 +/- 14 vs 75 +/- 13 msec). The QT interval became shorter with the increase in the duration of ischemia, the difference being statistically significant even for the initial 20 seconds of ischemia in both ic-ECG (398 +/- 27 vs 370 +/- 22) and surface ECG. In the case of acute myocardial infarction, the direction of T wave and QT interval seemed to depend on the degree of reperfusion. Hence, in patients who underwent successful reperfusion therapy the QT interval was lengthened initially and later shortened, cardiac function preserved and T wave normalized in anteroseptal myocardial infarction, while in those who had unsuccessful reperfusion the QT interval was progressively lengthened, cardiac function was not preserved well and T wave was not normalized. Therefore, in patients with a positive T wave the QT interval was shorter (382.4 +/- 42.6 vs 448.7 +/- 29.7 msec), with better fractional shortening (4.24 +/- 2.2 vs 1.95 +/- 1.2) and better left ventricular ejection fraction (68.1 +/- 6.1 vs 52.9 +/- 14.7%) than in the patients with negative T wave in lead V2 in the chronic stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Autoantibody against dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, the E3 subunit of the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complexes: significance for primary biliary cirrhosis.

Autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis recognize mitochondrial 2-oxacid dehydrogenase complexes, particularly the E2 subunits. Reactivity with the E3 subunit, common to each of the enzyme complexes, was sought by immunoblotting, with sera screened at 1:100 instead of the conventional 1:1,000 dilution. This was found in 11 of 29 sera from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis but also in 10 of 40 sera from normal subjects. Two-dimensional immunoblotting and immunoblotting on purified enzymes established that the reactivity was actually with E3 rather than with another component of the 2-oxoacid enzymes of similar molecular weight. Purified antibodies to E3 eluted from an affinity column did not cross-react with other components of the 2-oxoacid enzyme complexes. The antibodies to E3 did not react with the Escherichia coli or yeast E3 subunits, suggesting that they are not stimulated by immune responses against microorganisms. Thus the proposal that reactivity to the shared E3 subunit of the 2-oxoacid enzyme complexes could initiate primary biliary cirrhosis is not reflected at the antibody level.

3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)↗
PubMed1991

A cytogenetic study of spontaneous abortions with direct analysis of chorionic villi.

The karyotypes of 144 spontaneous abortuses were determined using direct chromosome preparations from chorionic villi. The frequency of chromosome abnormality was 69.4%, which is considerably higher than figures cited in most previous cytogenetic surveys using the conventional method of cell culturing. Autosomal trisomy was the predominant abnormality (64%), followed by polyploidy (9%), monosomy X (7%), structural rearrangements (6%), mosaicism (6%), double trisomy (4%), and double chromosome anomaly (3%). Direct preparations have advantages in that results can be obtained rapidly, the success rate of karyotyping is satisfactory, and maternal-cell contamination is minimal.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1991

[Infection prophylaxis in patients with hematological malignancies (II)--Successful prophylaxis of tuberculosis with isoniazid].

In a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of isoniazid (INH) for the prevention of tuberculosis, we studied 1760 patients with hematological malignancies over a twenty-year period (1970-1989). 759 patients received oral INH, most of all received 400 mg per day. Only one (0.1%) of the patients receiving INH developed tuberculosis, whereas nine (0.9%) of the 1001 patients who did not receive INH developed tuberculosis (p less than 0.05). We found that INH was very effective in the prevention of tuberculosis in patients with hematological malignancies, and was well tolerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A case of the primary pancreatic lymphoma].

Primary pancreatic lymphoma is extremely rare. A case of the primary pancreatic lymphoma was described. A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on May 26, 1990, because of epigastralgia and 5-kg weight loss. On admission, physical examination revealed mild epigastric tenderness without hepatosplenomegaly and superficial lymphadenopathy. The serum amylase level and trypsin level were normal but serum CA19-9 was slightly elevated. The diagnosis of the pancreatic cancer (body and tail) was strongly suspected on subsequent examination by US, CT, ERP and angiography. Partial pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathological examination of the tumor in the pancreas showed diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and B-cell origin. Peripancreatic fat was involved but peripancreatic lymph nodes and spleen were intact, which strongly suggested that the isolated lymphoma was pancreatic origin.

Aged↗