Biomedical subjects

T Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Maeda.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

[Intermittent intra-arterial chemotherapy using subcutaneously implanted reservoir for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma].

Hepatectomy has been performed as a treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastatic liver carcinoma. The prognosis has improved, but it is not sufficient. In our department hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using subcutaneous implanted reservoir has been undertaken in 21 of 66 patients who underwent hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma and 13 of 30 in liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma since 1986. There was no significant difference between the group with and without arterial infusion chemotherapy in HCC but there was a significant difference in metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. In unresectable cases, intra-arterial chemotherapy was undertaken, but there was no significant difference. On the other hand, 26 of 58 cases receiving arterial infusion chemotherapy have shown complications.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1992

[Immunohistochemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen and P-glycoprotein in small cell lung cancer at diagnosis and relapse, with special reference to the tissue expression of CEA and response to chemotherapy].

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most sensitive tumors to drug therapy; however, the majority of patients eventually relapse within a few years. Emergence of drug resistance is thought to play a major role in the dismal course of this disease. However, the mechanism of drug resistance in SCLC still remains obscure. Based on the clinical observation that a significant proportion of patients with relapsing tumor show an elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration while serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentration remains normal, we attempted to determine whether the tissue of CEA is indicative of a clonal change in SCLC, in contrast with the tissue expression of NSE and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). We examined 22 SCLC patients with tumor specimens available both at diagnosis and at relapse. Of the 22 patients, two had CEA expression at diagnosis, and a further three patients showed CEA expression at relapse. It is of note that there were two patients whose tumors expressed NSE alone at diagnosis but expressed CEA alone at relapse. Serum CEA concentration was concordant with the tissue expression of CEA; however, serum NSE concentration was not concordant with the tissue expression of NSE. Tumors with CEA expression at relapse were generally resistant to salvage chemotherapy, while there was no close relationship between the tissue expression of P-gp and refractoriness to drugs at relapse. These findings indicate that the tissue expression of CEA in SCLC is a marker of a clonal change during chemotherapy, and such a clonal change would play a role in the emergence of drug resistance in SCLC.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗

PubMed1992

[A case of locally advanced esophageal cancer effectively treated with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy].

A case of a 69-year-old man with locally advanced esophageal cancer was reported. The patient received five courses of chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin (30 mg i.v. days 1-5), 5-fluorouracil (500 mg i.v. days 1-5) and bleomycin (5 mg i.m. days 1-5) every four weeks with a split course irradiation at a dose of 50 Gy, which was concurrently given at the second, third and fourth course of the chemotherapy. Treatment was effectively carried out without severe toxicities. The patient achieved a histologically-confirmed complete remission after completion of the treatment. The patient is disease-free and fully active 28 months after the beginning of chemotherapy. The treatment modality appears to be useful for advanced esophageal cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Metoclopramide-induced parkinsonism and depression.

A 46-year-old female patient with metoclopramide-induced parkinsonism and depression was reported in view of the rarity of the concurrent development of these side effects. A risk of metoclopramide administration is suggested.

Depression↗

PubMed1992

[Unusual pathological ocular movement caused by dysfunction of the saccade generation mechanism].

We describe a patient with abnormal ocular movement, probably due to dysfunction of saccade generation mechanism in the lower pons involving the omnipause neuron and a feed-back circuit. A 26-year-old man had fever, mild headache and sore throat for a few days and also noted unstable gait and diplopia. These symptoms subsided, but he noticed oscillopsia about 2 months later. On admission in our hospital, the neurological examination revealed no abnormalities except for abnormal eye movements, which were induced by voluntary or involuntary ocular movement and lasted for a few minutes. The abnormal ocular movement was irregular in direction, amplitude and rhythmicity, and the voluntary and involuntary ocular movements could not be elicited during the period of this abnormal ocular movement. The abnormal ocular movement completely disappeared for about 1 hour by intravenous injection of TRH. At this time bilateral mild abducens palsy was demonstrated by EOG examination. The abnormal ocular movement in this patient, which has nerve been reported in the literature, was considered to be due to a disinhibition of excitatory burst neuron (EBN) caused by the dysfunction of omnipause neuron, and possibly due to a delay of feed-back information of saccade to the EBN.

Abducens Nerve↗

PubMed1992

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in inflammatory exudate cells of rabbits. Production, purification and determination of primary structure.

A rabbit interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibitor in inflammatory peritoneal exudate cells was purified to apparent homogeneity. This inhibitor was extracted from exudate cells of the 24-hr stage of casein-induced peritoneal inflammation and purified using isoelectrofocusing (IEF), gel filtration, followed in this order by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) steps with hydroxylapatite and anionic ion exchanger. The purified factor showed a single band on silver-stained SDS-PAGE. This molecule of MW 19,000 and pI 5.5 inhibited the binding of both IL-1 alpha and beta to receptors on a thymoma cell line, EL-4 and a B-cell line, 70Z/3. We determined its primary structure by a combination of peptide chemistry and molecular cloning. The inhibitor was synthesized as a precursor composed of 177 amino acids and was processed to a mature molecule of 143 amino acids. The N-terminal amino acid of the mature inhibitor was N-acetyl-methionine residue. The deduced amino acid sequence of the inhibitor showed a 77% homology to the human IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and essentially the same mode of action as seen with human IL-1Ra. We consider that this inhibitor is a rabbit counterpart of human IL-1Ra, although there are differences with respect to the molecular structure; the N-terminus of the mature rabbit IL-1Ra at a position of nine amino acids downstream from that of human IL-1Ra.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1992

[Six cases of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis].

Six patients with asymptomatic primary pulmonary Cryptococcosis are reported. In all of the patients, the disease was detected by annual chest X-ray during mass screening for lung cancer or during follow-up for pulmonary tuberculosis or gastric cancer. The chest X-ray findings consisted of a solitary pulmonary nodule in 4 patients and multiple pulmonary nodules in 2. Only one patient who could not be histologically diagnosed by bronchofiberscopy underwent surgical resection. However, the other 5 patients were histologically diagnosed by transbronchial biopsy with bronchofiberscopy. They were treated with oral antifungal agents, namely flucytosine (5-FC) and/or fluconazole, with marked improvement of chest X-ray findings. These results indicate that transbronchial biopsy with bronchofiberscopy and oral administration of antifungal agents instead of initial surgical resection are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Proliferation kinetics of human brain tumors by in situ double labeling with bromodeoxyuridine and iododeoxyuridine].

Nineteen patients with human brain tumors (9 gliomas, 6 metastatic brain tumors, 3 meningiomas, 1 neurinoma) received intravenous infusions of iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) and bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) at different time sequences, to estimate the duration of S-phase (Ts) and the potential doubling time (Tp) of individual tumors. Excised tumor specimens were reacted with Br-3, a monoclonal antibody that identifies only BUdR, and with IU-4, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes both IUdR and BUdR, and then were stained immunohistochemically. The BUdR LIs varied from 0.9% to 26.0%, reflecting the malignancy of each tumor. Despite the difference in LIs, however, the Ts measured was fairly uniform. The Ts was 8.9 +/- 1.8 hrs (mean +/- SD) in malignant gliomas, 9.2 +/- 2.5 hrs (mean +/- SD) in metastatic brain tumors and 9.2 +/- 0. 3 hrs (mean +/- SD) in meningiomas, respectively. In contrast, the Tp varied from 1.3 to 12.4 days in malignant gliomas and from 1.2 to 4.4 days in metastatic brain tumors. Double logarithmic regression analysis showed a close correlation between the BUdR LI and Tp in human brain tumors with LI > 1%. Double labeling studies with BUdR and IUdR allow some of the proliferation characteristics to be determined from a single biopsy specimen and provide more useful information of each tumors than can be obtained by single-labeling studies with BUdR.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Changes of enzyme activity levels in red blood cells in hemodialysis patients by recombinant human erythropoietin.

In a phase II clinical trial to test the ability of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) to reverse the anemia of patients undergoing hemodialysis, the changes of enzyme activity in red blood cells were evaluated in 5 hemodialysis anemic patients who were treated with r-HuEPO. Concerning the activity levels measured, the following conclusions are drawn. 1) HK, ALD, TPI, G6PD and 6PGD were statistically significantly increased at the time when the hematocrit has risen by 8% with the use of r-HuEPO. 2) The enzyme activity levels of PFK, GA3PD, MPGM, ENOL, PK, GR and ADA were higher than normal already before the r-HuEPO treatment. 3) The increases of HK and G6PD by r-HuEPO, as age dependent enzymes, may reflect the generation of young red blood cells. 4) In view of the fact that they are related to ATP production in the glycolysis cycle, we infer that increases of red blood cell enzymes by r-HuEPO may play at least some part in bringing a sensation of "well-being" to severely anemic patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1992

Study on the inhibitory effect of uremic plasma on lipoprotein lipase.

An investigation was undertaken to determine which plasma factors from normal controls and patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) exert have inhibitory effects on the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) purified from heparinized human plasma by using an accurate LPL assay system. Inhibitors of LPL were found to be present in the plasma. The inhibition of the LPL activity was significantly greater in CRF patients than in normal controls. Following hemodialysis (HD), the same concentration of uremic plasma led to less inhibition. The inhibitors existed only in lipoprotein deficient plasma (LPDS), which demonstrated an LPL-inhibitory activity at extremely high concentrations with a significant difference between the patients and normal controls. There was no difference between the two groups at low concentrations. A specific inhibitory effect on LPL in LPDS was noted in the 7S and 4S fractions separated by gel filtration employing Sephacryl S-200 column chromatography. The inhibitory effect of the 7S fraction was found to be dependent on the concentration, and the difference between the two groups was similar to that for LPDS. The results obtained in the present study suggest that the plasma from CRF patients exhibited a strong inhibitory action on the LPL activity as compared to the plasma from normal controls, and the inhibitory action was due primarily due to poor excretion of dialyzable inhibitors.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Retroperitoneal malignant lymphoma showing follicular type: report of a case].

We report a case of retroperitoneal follicular malignant lymphoma. A 59-year-old man visited the hospital with the chief complaint of a loss of body weight and left epigastric tumor. CT revealed a tumor, 9 x 6 cm, with non-homogeneous density in the left retroperitoneum. Since no clinical metastasis was identified, the tumor and the left kidney were resected en bloc with para-aortic lymph node dissection. Pathological diagnosis was non-Hodgkin follicular lymphoma of mixed small cleaved and large cell type with lymph node metastasis (2/23). The CHOP adjuvant chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin vincristine, Prednisolone) and the radiation therapy were performed after the operation. Recurrence in the mediastinal lymph node occurred 7 months after operation and radiation and the same adjuvant chemotherapy were performed and resulted in complete remission. The patient remained free of the tumor for 27 months at present.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1992

[Examination of post operative split lung function using quantitative xenon 133 (133Xe) inhalation scan].

133Xe inhalation scan and ordinary lung function testing were performed three times in 34 patients undergoing pulmonary resection: before surgery, and one and six months postoperatively. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1.0) were used as spirometric parameters. From the 133Xe inhalation scan, a split lung capacity (right to left, upper, middle and lower) and T1/2 (time required for half of the inhalation of 133Xe gas to be expired) were calculated by computer and used as indices of split lung capacity and ventilation, respectively. Results obtained from this study are as follows. 1) The predicted postoperative lung functions were calculated using preoperative spirometric respiratory function and 133Xe inhalation data according to the formula reported by Ali and associates. At sixth postoperative month, both predicted FVC (r = 0.895, p < 0.001) and FEV1.0 (r = 0.897, p < 0.001) correlated highly with those actually observed. These results appear to be very useful for preoperative evaluation of operative indications and the choice of surgical methods. 2) The ratios of observed to predicted lung capacity in the post operative state were examined by splitting the right and left lung and the means +/- S.D. (%) were as follows. One month after surgery, operated side; 80.5 +/- 9.7%, opposite side; 119.2 +/- 11.7%. Six months after surgery, operated side; 111.0 +/- 5.6%, opposite side; 96.7 +/- 16.4%. The post operative T1/2 values on the operated sides were about 2.4 times the preoperative values at one month after surgery but had recovered to the preoperative values by the six postoperative month.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1992

[Transient patterns of serotonergic innervation in the rat visual cortex--normal development and effects of enucleation].

Serotonergic innervation formed transient dense aggregation in all rat primary sensory areas during early postnatal development. In the normal rat visual cortex, there were three stages in the transient aggregation of serotonin immunoreactive fibers from postnatal day (PND) 2 to 15. Primary aggregates appeared in the subplate prior to the differentiation of layer IV, and moved upward to the lower layer of cortical plate to form secondary aggregates. Secondary aggregation gave rise to ascending fibers on the cortical surface which were roughly grouped in columns (tertiary aggregation). The serotonin fibers of the tertiary aggregates were arranged in a lattice-like pattern in layer I, and were significantly altered either in size of distribution area or column number after monocular or binocular enucleation. These data indicate that the lattice-like pattern of serotonin innervation in neonatal rats may be an evolutionary precursor of the "blobs" seen in the higher primates.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Basic studies of intra-arterial hyperthermic treatment].

Basic studies on intra-arterial hyperthermic treatment (1AHT) were conducted in rabbits implanted with VX2 tumor inside the thigh. For the purpose of determining the best temperature, saline added Adriamycin (ADM) (2 mg/body) that heated up to a predetermined objective temperature was injected. At 3 days after administration, the intratumor concentration of ADM (ITCA) and blood laboratory data were obtained. ITCA of the 53 degrees C group (1.13 +/- 0.41 micrograms/g) was significantly higher than those in the 23 degrees C group. In the 58 degrees C group, BUN, CPK, and creatinine were elevated. These data suggested that the best temperature of IAHT was about 53 degrees C. The treated rabbits were divided into 4 groups (heated saline added ADM, heated saline, non-heated saline added ADM, control) and the tumor growth rates after IAHT were investigated. The tumor size of the groups treated by heated saline was inhibited compared with that in the other two groups. There was no elevation of intratumor temperature in spite of IAHT. At 2 days after the IAHT, patho logically there were vacuolar degeneration in the arterial endothelial cells near the tumor, and narrowing of involved artery. These results suggest that the antitumor effect by IAHT is related with blood supply without hyperthermic effect.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[The effects of isosorbide dinitrate spray on the coronary artery and its modification by the preceding chronic oral therapy with long acting isosorbide dinitrate].

The vasodilatory effect of a new formula of isosorbide dinitrite (ISDN) spray on the left coronary artery was studied by comparing its effects in 46 consecutive patients who subsequently received intracoronary injection with ISDN (2.5 mg). In addition, the influence long acting and ISDN for chronic cases on the vasodilatory effects of ISDN spray and on subsequent intracoronary injection of ISDN was investigated. The patients were divided into two groups, those who had had chronic oral ISDN (Group N; 29 patients) and those who had not (Group O; 17 patients). The vasodilatory effect of ISDN spray was evaluated in segments; 5, 6, 8, 11 and 12 by AHA classification and it dilated those segments by 9.9%, 13.2%, 21.5%, 15.6% and 23.5% respectively. Subsequent intracoronary injection of ISDN dilated those segments by 10.4%, 14.0%, 27.2%, 17.9% and 29.1% respectively. The differences in the degree of vasodilation caused by ISDN spray and that caused by injection in segments 8, 11, 12 were statistically significant. However, the per cent dilation of ISDN spray in segments 5 in group N was 5.9%, and 18.4% in group O, revealing a significant difference depending on previous chronic administration of long acting ISDN. We conclude that ISDN spray did dilate the coronary artery, and subsequent intracoronary administration of ISDN dilated it further in the distal portions of the left coronary artery. Long acting oral ISDN for chronic cases seemed to attenuate the vasodilatory action of ISDN.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1992

[Release of interleukin-6 by alveolar macrophages in patients with sarcoidosis].

The supernatants from cultures of alveolar macrophages from 12 patients with sarcoidosis and 7 control subjects were assayed for interleukin-6 (IL-6) using an ELISA system. IL-6 was detectable without a stimulant in supernatants from all subjects with sarcoidosis and controls. However, the supernatants from 4 of 12 untreated patients with sarcoidosis contained significantly greater amounts of IL-6. When macrophages were stimulated by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), the mean level of IL-6 in the supernatant of patients with sarcoidosis was 5.18 +/- 1.46 ng/ml, which was significantly higher than in controls (3.34 +/- 0.39) (p less than 0.05). Furthermore, in patients with sarcoidosis, the mean level of IL-6 in the supernatant was significantly correlated with the percentage of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (p less than 0.05), the level of interleukin-1 released by alveolar macrophages stimulated by P. acnes (p less than 0.05), and the phagocytic index of alveolar macrophages (p less than 0.05). The large amount of IL-6 in the supernatant after stimulation by LPS was measured in patients with sarcoidosis (24.49 +/- 13.36) and in controls (12.4 +/- 8.53), and there was no significant difference between patients with sarcoidosis and controls. Small amounts of IL-6 were detectable in bronchoalveolar fluid from only 2 of 26 patients with sarcoidosis; however, it was detected in none of 15 controls. It is suggested that the enhancement of IL-6 release by alveolar macrophages has a role in the activation of immune effector cells at sites of sarcoidosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Familial occurrence of myelodysplastic syndrome concomitant with monoclonal gammapathy].

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) combined with monoclonal gammopathy or multiple myeloma has rarely been reported. In this article, two siblings, a brother and his sister who showed simultaneous occurrence of MDS and monoclonal gammopathy are reported. The first case, a 73-year-old male, was admitted to our hospital in November, 1987. Analysis of peripheral blood revealed pancytopenia without blast cells. Bone marrow was hypocellular with 14.9% of myeloblasts and 2.8% of plasma cells characterized by 2 to 4 nuclei. Serum IgA level was 635 mg/dl and serum immunoelectrophoresis revealed a monoclonal IgA lambda band. The second case, a 70-year-old female, younger sister of the first case, was admitted to our hospital in January, 1988. Bone marrow was normocellular with 23% of peroxidase-negative myeloblasts and 12.8% of atypical plasma cells. Serum IgG level was 1,901 mg/dl with monoclonal IgG kappa band. Hematological findings have remained unchanged for 12 months. The first case was regarded as hypoplastic MDS with monoclonal gammopathy and the second case was MDS with smoldering myeloma. These cases were very similar with in respect to age, time of onset, clinical course, hematological findings and especially, association with M-protein. There are no reports concerning the familial incidence of MDS with M-protein. These findings supported the hypothesis that an initial event selects a clone of stem cells which retain the capability to differentiate into mature myeloid and lymphoid cells, in these cases B-cells.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Nd-YAG laser treatment of tracheo-bronchial stenotic lesions].

Fourteen patients were treated with a Nd-YAG laser. Treatment to relieve airway stenosis was administered on fifteen occasions, and on one occasion to treat an obstruction. In each case the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope was used. In 4 emergency cases, three involving tracheal lesions and one involving a bronchial lesion, the airway was widened and the patients' condition was improved after laser ablation. In the palliative treatment of 12 lesions, the stenoses were severed and treated at an interval of time varying between one and three weeks. Complications occurred in 3 cases. There were 2 instances of massive haemorrhage and one of pneumothorax which occurred while treating the 5 stenoses situated at broncho-plastic anastomoses.

Adult↗