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Biomedical subjects

T Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Maeda.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

A case of nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease followed by magnetic resonance imaging.

The consecutive findings of the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in a patient with nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease are reported. On MR image, there are noted two kinds of MR findings which suggest the existence of trophoblastic disease; one was a typical hypervascular mass of heterogeneous signal intensity within myometrium, and the other was the increase in myometrial and parametrial flow void. The former finding appeared only for a short period while the disease was highly active. The latter finding well paralleled the serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level, and the remarkable flow void, indicating dilatated blood vessels, disappeared with the complete remission of the disease. These findings suggest that MR imaging may be useful for diagnosing and following gestational trophoblastic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Responses of immunocompetent cells to cavity preparation in rat molars: an immunohistochemical study using OX6-monoclonal antibody.

Responses of immunocompetent cells, especially class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen-expressing cells, were investigated after cavity preparation in the erupted upper first molar teeth of rats, by immunohistochemistry using OX6-monoclonal antibody. In control teeth, OX6-immunopositive cells were predominantly located beneath the odontoblast layer in the dental pulp. Cavity preparation caused an acute edematous reaction between the injured odontoblasts and predentin, and most of OX6-immunopositive cells in the affected site shifted away from the pulp-dentin border. After 12-24 hours, many OX6-immunopositive cells accumulated along the pulp-dentin border and extended their cytoplasmic processes into the exposed dentinal tubules. After 72 hours, newly differentiated odontoblasts replaced the degenerated odontoblasts, and few OX6-immunopositive cells remained along the pulp-dentin border. Our data suggest that some of the class II MHC antigen-expressing cells in the dental pulp participate in the initial defense reaction and presumably serve as a biological sensor for the external stimuli arriving through the exposed dentinal tubules.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of angiosarcoma with renal failure caused by recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)].

A 77-year-old man was diagnosed to have diabetes. He was hospitalized for appetite loss, weight loss (6 kg/3 months) and right femoral pain. An abnormal shadow was noted on chest X-P. On admission, he was alert and there were no abnormal physical findings except limitation in the range of motion in the right lower extremity. His femoral pain was treated by a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Right femoral bone biopsy revealed angiosarcoma and staining for factor VIII, with negative staining for epithelial membrane antigen on enzyme assay. Therefore, he received systemic administration of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2). rIL-2 was administered intravenously twice daily at a dose of 40 x 10(4) JRU. The total dosage of rIL-2 amounted to 1200 x 10(4) JRU, but renal failure deteriorated and he died on the 50th hospital day of his second admission. Combination of rIL-2 and NSAID may cause progression of nephropathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Prevention of anti-T-cell receptor alpha beta monoclonal antibody-induced side-effects by treatment with cyclosporin A without interference of monoclonal antibody-induced immunosuppression in mice.

Anti-T-cell receptor (TCR)alpha beta monoclonal antibody (mAb; H57-597) injection in mice caused cytokine (tumour necrosis factor and interferon-gamma) release and clinical side-effects such as piloerection and body weight loss similar to anti-CD3 mAb (145-2C11) injection. Treatment with cyclosporin A (CsA) for 3 days, from day -2 to day 0, prior to anti-TCR alpha beta mAb injection almost completely abolished the mAb-induced cytokine release, and completely inhibited the mAb-induced body weight loss. Furthermore, treatment with CsA from day -2 to day 0 did not inhibit the mAb-induced in vivo immunosuppressive effects, i.e. prolongation of skin allograft and T-cell depletion in the periphery. These results indicate that CsA treatment prior to mAb treatment could effectively inhibit the mAb-induced side-effects without interference of the mAb-induced in vivo immunosuppression. From these results, we propose that CsA treatment prior to injection of anti-TCR alpha beta mAb may be recommended to reduce mAb-induced side-effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Acetylcholinesterase-positive afferent axons in mucosa of urinary bladder of adult cats: retrograde tracing and degeneration studies.

Acetylcholinesterase (AchE)-positive afferent axons in the mucosa of the cat urinary bladder were examined in the present experiments. Small-sized dorsal root ganglion cells containing AchE enzyme activity were labelled by injection of retrograde tracer (wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to enzymatically inactive horseradish peroxidase gold complex) into the bladder mucosa of adult cats. Results show that 48.9% (90/184) of the labelled ganglion cells possessed AchE enzyme activity. Following unilateral dorsal root ganglionectomy (L2-5, S1-3), a total of 6619 unmyelinated axon terminals were examined in the bladder mucosa, including 691 degenerating axon terminals. Percentages (8.;6-16.1%) of degenerating axon terminals in the ganglionectomized animals (1, 2, 3, 10 and 21 days post-operated) were significantly higher than those of controls (3.1%) and the 60-day post-operated animals (3.2%). Approximately one-half (47.9%) of the degenerating axon terminals observed in the 1-21 day post-operated animals were AchE-positive. Further examination also disclosed that the population of the intact (not affected by ganglionectomy) AchE-positive axon terminals at 60 days (59.3%) was significantly greater than that of controls (45.6%). The AchE-positive terminals containing few synaptic vesicles were significantly increased in number in the 60 day post-operated cats. In conclusion the present study demonstrates that one half of afferent axons in the mucosa were AchE-positive. The increase in AchE-positive afferent axon terminals containing few synaptic vesicles may be derived from contralateral dorsal root ganglia resulting from sprouting following dorsal root ganglionectomy.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1995

[Consensus and new development in epithelial ovarian cancer chemotherapy in 1995].

Recent clinical trials have confirmed that cisplatinum combination has advantages for advanced ovarian cancer interns of response rate, response duration and disease-free time, but little advantage for overall survival. Although addition of doxorubicin to cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a matter of controversy between European countries and the USA, high-dose epirubicin, which is an analog of doxorubicin, has a potent response in relapsed cases after CDDP combination chemotherapy. Clinical trails of epirubicin + CPA + CDDP for advanced ovarian cancer and underway in Japan. Under standard supportive care, escalated CDDP dose may prolong median survival time, but its advantage for long-time survival is questionable. Trials of high-dose chemotherapy as front line treatment for advanced ovarian cancer supported by PBSCT/G-CSF in combination with assessment of scheduled AUC have been collected from many world-wide institutes. GOG demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of CDDP with intravenous CPA had obvious superiority to intravenous CDDP and CPA in overall survival and adverse effect for stage III ovarian cancer, under the conditions that 70% of cases had minimum residual tumor (< 0.5 cm). We have to make sure whether this modality has the same effect on early and stage IV ovarian cancer. Taxol plus CDDP has promising benefits for median disease free survival and median survival time, so it is becoming the standard regimen for advanced ovarian cancer in USA. The delay of the clinical introduction of taxanes should be eliminated promptly in Japan.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

[Association of chronic neutrophilic leukemia and myeloma with fibrillar inclusions in granulocytes].

A 57 year-old-female was incidentally found to have leukocytosis in September 1988. Physical examination revealed anemia and marked hepatosplenomegaly. Her WBC count was 33,400/microliters with 95% mature neutrophils showing toxic granules. Her neutrophil alkaline phosphatase score was 482, and serum VB12 14,600 pg/ml. Serum immunoglobulin concentrations were 582 mg/dl for IgG, 3,628 mg/dl for IgA and 48 mg/dl for IgM. IgA was determined as monoclonal origin of lambda type. Bone marrow aspiration revealed a hypercellular marrow with active granulocytopoiesis and increased plasma cells. Cytogenetic study revealed normal karyotype. The bcr rearrangement was negative for bone marrow cells. An electronmicroscopy demonstrated fibrillar inclusions in granulocytes. We diagnosed this case as a chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) associated with multiple myeloma. She was treated with a course of low dose busulfan without beneficial response. She was admitted for development of huge subcutaneous hematoma of left waist in October 1990. Laboratory findings were: Hb 7.0 g/dl, WBC 55, 300/microliters, Platelets 3.3 x 10(4)/microliters, and IgA 6,607 mg/dl. She required frequent transfusions. She died of pneumonia in July 1991. The peculiar fibrillar inclusions with CNL has not been reported so far. The origin and significance of such structure remains uncertain.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Serum lipid states in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction: comparison between patients aged 60 to 79 and 80 years and over].

Recently, the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the elderly patients has increased. The clinical features have not been extensively studied, so this study attempted to clarify the clinical course and prognosis of elderly patients with AMI. The patients were divided into two groups, those over 80 years old and those between 60 and 79 years old. The clinical symptoms, electrocardiographic findings, complications, and short-term prognosis were compared. The serum lipid levels were compared between the AMI groups and age-matched control groups consisting of subjects without sclerotic heart disease. There was no significant difference in clinical symptoms between the two groups, electrocardiographic findings, incidence of complications, and mortality. The total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels, and atherogenic index were significantly higher in the 60-79 years old AMI group, but no significant difference was observed in the 80 years and over AMI group compared to the control group. The HDL cholesterol level of the 60-79 years old AMI group was significantly lower, but no significant difference was observed in the 80 years and over group. There was no significant difference in triglyceride level in either AMI group. Therefore, in patients aged 60-79 years hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for ischemic heart disease, but the relationship between serum lipid and AMI is not positively established in patients older than 80 years. These results suggest that the significance of hyperlipidemia in patients over 80 years old should be reconsidered.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical significance of lymphadenopathy in the upper abdomen; ultrasound demonstration].

Little attention has been paid to the ultrasound differentiation of benign abdominal lymphadenopathy from the malignant type. We reviewed 133 ultrasound examinations of 116 patients with lymphadenopathy seen over the upper abdomen and high retroperitoneum to clarify the differences in ultrasound findings of enlarged lymph nodes caused by benign and malignant abdominal diseases. The location, number, internal texture, size, length/thickness ratio of the lymph nodes, and relation with hepatitis virus infection were evaluated. Among 75 patients with benign diseases, 63 patients showed liver dysfunction and 42/65 (65%) showed positive hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab). Enlarged lymph nodes were seen over the common hepatic artery or hepatoduodenal ligament in 84%. Most patients had fewer than 4 enlarged nodes, and 46 patients had a single enlarged node. The length/thickness ratio of nodules was more than 2.5 in 63%. In 41 patients with malignant diseases, enlarged lymph nodes tended to be more widespread in location, larger in number, and smaller in length/thickness ratio than those of benign diseases. Lymphadenopathy over the common hepatic artery or hepatoduodenal ligament may suggest the presence of chronic active hepatitis, especially relating to HCV infection, even though hepatic sonotexture is normal on ultrasound examination.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1995

[An afterloading procedure using 137Cs needle for tongue carcinoma].

We have developed an afterloading procedure using Cs needle for tongue carcinoma. Seven patients with T1-2NO squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue were treated by this method at the Oita Medical University between 1988 and 1994. This method reduced the radiotherapist's radiation exposure and resulted in good local control in the primary site. We have found no other report of a case treated in this way. We emphasize that cesium therapy using an afterloading procedure is very useful in treating tongue carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Recent advances in ovarian cancer chemotherapy from the survival standpoint].

The following consensus has been reached over the last two decades from clinical research: 1) Single nonplatinum agents or nonplatinum combinations have failed to demonstrate a significantly longer median survival. 2) Platinum combinations are generally better than single-agent platinum when platinum is used at the same dose. 3) Cisplatin-based chemotherapy produced a substantial clinical improvement as indicated by increased response rate duration of response and time to progression, but the overall effect on survival has been modest. The higher doses of cisplatin, ranging from 12.5 to 50 mg/sm/week, have demonstrated a general trend for prolonged median survival. But a more escalated dose of platinum supported by PBSCT is an investigational setting to ensure the advantage for overall survival in the near future. This consensus has been achieved from analysis of clinical trials in Europe and the United States for ovarian cancer chemotherapy, but only a few Japanese clinical trials have showed a similar tendency in the manner of retrospective studies. Six cycles of chemotherapy of cisplatin/cyclophosphamide or carboplatin/cyclophosphamide have become the standard and yield clinical response rates of approximately 60-70% and 5-year survival of 15-25 percent for advanced ovarian cancer. Taxol is thought to be the next promising candidate for cisplatin combination and secondary chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. It augurs to improve the overall survival. We look forward to early use of taxol in Japan at the clinical level.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

[A case of malignant rheumatoid arthritis with lupus anticoagulant and cerebral infarction].

We reported a case of malignant rheumatoid arthritis (MRA) with cerebral infarction associated with a possible cause of lupus anticoagulant. The patient was a 68-year-old woman who had received treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from 15 to 16 years ago. She consulted to our hospital with a major complaint of right hemiplegia. Brain CT revealed a low density area in the left hemisphere. She was diagnosed as cerebral infarction and hospitalized. Since she was noted to have hypocomplementemia, interstitial pneumonia and pericarditis, she was diagnosed as MRA. Coagulation test disclosed positive lupus anticoagulant (LA). Generally, CNS disorders in MRA are uncommon. Cerebral infarction was complicated in the present case, suggesting the involvement of antiphospholipid antibodies as its pathogenesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Relative size of the ventricle to the hemisphere in the neonatal MRI].

Using a software program for measuring surface area, we quantified the relative size of four parts of the lateral ventricles, including the body, the trigone, the anterior horn and the occipital horn, compared to the hemispheres in the axial plane of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neonates. In 44 neonates without any neurological disorders from 26 to 41 weeks of gestational age (GA), MRI was performed between 12 and 124 postnatal days. The mean of the relative size of the ventricle compared to the hemisphere (RSVH) among the subjects showed a significant left-right asymmetry that was observed only in the occipital horn. However, in the body, the anterior horn and the occipital horn, the percentage of neonates with a larger left RSVH compared to the right RSVH was significantly higher than the percentage of neonates with a larger right RSVH compared to the left RSVH. The RSVH of the body and the occipital horn increased according to the number of postnatal days and decreased according to GA. Measuring RSVH was useful in assessing the size of the ventricle in the axial plane of neonatal MRI. It clarified the fact that normative asymmetry, GA of subject, and the number of postnatal days should be considered in assessing the size of ventricle.

Cerebral Ventricles↗
PubMed1995

[Assessment of myocardial fatty acid metabolism in patients with vasospastic angina using 123I-BMIPP myocardial SPECT].

Myocardial perfusion and fatty acid metabolism may be unpaired in the patients of vasospastic angina (VSA), because abnormal regional wall motion of left ventricle has been shown in some cases of VSA without apparent history of myocardial infarction. To study the clinical utility of 123I-BMIPP scintigraphy in diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in VSA, both 123I-BMIPP (rest) and 201T1 (exercise) SPECT were performed in the 20 patients of VSA diagnosed by coronary angiography. Defect scores were calculated visually from the 17 segments of myocardial images and were compared with patient's anginal history, period from last attack, numbers of attack, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and severity of regional LV wall motion abnormality. 123I-BMIPP SPECT images showed decreased tracer uptake in 14 cases of 20 (70%) VSA patients. Exercise 201T1 SPECT images showed decreased tracer uptake in 3 cases of 20 (15%) of patients. Severity of regional LV wall motion abnormality was correlated with defect score of BMIPP. Though total defect score of BMIPP did not correlate with patient's anginal history, number of symptoms and LV ejection fraction, correlated inversely with period from last attack. It was suggested that 123I-BMIPP myocardial SPECT images in VSA patients showed "memories" of myocardial ischemic damages induced by vasospasm. In summary, 123I-BMIPP myocardial SPECT images could be a useful test for diagnosis and evaluation of VSA.

Angina Pectoris, Variant↗
PubMed1995

[123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy in a case of pheochromocytoma before and after resection of it].

A 55-year-old man with pheochromocytoma was examined by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy before and after resection of the tumor. MIBG images showed decreased uptake in infero-posterior wall before operation. The heart to upper mediastinum uptake ratio was low at the delayed anterior planar image, and mean MIBG clearance from the left ventricle was increased. These abnormal scintigraphic findings improved after resection of the tumor. We thought that these abnormal MIBG findings were not due to abnormal cardiac sympathetic nerve function, because ECG, chest X-ray, UCG and 201Tl myocardial scintigram did not reveal any abnormality. It may be presumed that these abnormal MIBG findings were caused by high plasma catecholamines concentration. The mechanism of abnormal MIBG findings of the heart remains uncertain in various heart diseases. MIBG findings in this case with pheochromocytoma before and after resection may contribute to interpretation of the kinetics of MIBG in heart.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1995

Quantification of immunohistochemistry using an image analyser: correlation with hormone concentrations in pituitary adenomas.

The usefulness of immunohistochemistry is usually confined to qualitative analysis. Quantitative evaluation is not performed. At best, the number of immunopositive cells and the immunointensities are recorded as several grades, to which a strict categorization may be applied by individual examiners, but these categorizations are not standardized. We have attempted to quantify immunohistochemical observations using an image analyser. Sections from rat pituitary adenomas secreting prolactin and growth hormone were immunostained for these hormones with either immunogold silver or avidin-biotinylated peroxidase complex (ABC) methods. The number of immunopositive cells were counted by eye on specimens stained with the ABC method. In sections stained by an immunogold-silver technique, an immunopositive area was measured at several immunointensity ranges, to which certain points were allotted. Immunohistochemical values obtained by summing the products of the immunopositive area and intensity points at each range were correlated with concentrations of hormones in adenoma tissues measured by radioimmunoassay. A high correlation between the immunohistochemical values and hormone concentrations were shown for both prolactin and growth hormone, in contrast to a low correlation between the number of immunopositive cells counted by eye and the hormone concentrations. These findings indicate that the immunohistochemical observations can be quantified using the image analyser to the extent that they can be substituted, albeit roughly, for the hormone concentrations measured biochemically.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

Anti-T cell receptor antibody treatment of mice with lupus-like graft versus host disease: suppression of glomerulonephritis without reduction in anti-DNA antibody levels.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of anti-alpha beta T cell receptor (TCR) monoclonal antibody (Mab) on lupus-like graft versus host disease (GVHD). An attempt was also made to deduce the role of T cells in the progression of lupus nephritis. METHODS: [C57BL/6 x DBA/2]F1 mice inoculated with 5 x 10(7) DBA/2 spleen cells developed a variety of immunostimulatory symptoms, including the hyperproduction of anti-dsDNA antibodies and severe glomerulonephritis. Anti-alpha beta TCR Mab was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 400 micrograms either on Day 2 or Day 21, followed 5 days later by another administration of 200 micrograms. RESULTS: Short term treatment with anti-alpha beta TCR Mab starting 2 days after cell transfer markedly reduced the serum anti-dsDNA antibody (IgG) titers and virtually abolished the induction of glomerulonephritis. Anti-alpha beta TCR treatment begun on Day 21 was also found effective in preventing the development of glomerulonephritis. In this case, however, the serum anti-dsDNA IgG titers were not significantly reduced compared with untreated GVHD controls. Immunohistochemical staining of the kidney with antimouse IgG + IgM detected no antibody deposition in the glomerulus either in the mice given delayed anti-alpha beta TCR treatment or in the mice treated prophylactically with anti-alpha beta TCR Mab, despite the high titers of serum anti-dsDNA IgG observed in the former group. In contrast, massive antibody deposition was regularly detectable in the glomerulus of the untreated GVHD controls. CONCLUSION: Our report demonstrates the therapeutic potential of anti-alpha beta TCR Mab for lupus-like disease, while suggesting that some help from cellular immunity is likely required for the hyperproduced autoantibodies to become deposited in the glomerulus in this model.

Animals↗