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T Machida

Publications and source records attributed to T Machida.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of prolactin (PRL) on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in the rat fetal liver.

In order to clarify the possible involvement of PRL in the regulation of lipid metabolism, the influence of PRL on the levels of LPL activity in rat fetal liver was investigated. Rat fetuses at 18th day of gestation in one uterine horn were injected with o-PRL while those in the opposite horn with saline. Forty-eight hr later, the livers were removed from the fetuses, homogenized, defatted, dried overnight, and further homogenized to the enzyme suspension. The measurement of LPL activity in these suspensions revealed that LPL activity in the fetal liver treated with o-PRL was significantly higher than that of control. LPL activities in the rat fetal liver gradually increased until the time of birth as the gestation proceeded. These results suggest that PRL may be one of the factors regulating fetal lipid metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Detection of African type penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Japan].

The Plasmid DNA patterns of 22 penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) strains isolated from male patients with gonococcal urethritis in 1988 at Tokyo Metropolitan Taito Hospital were determined. The 3.3 megadalton plasmid, the so called the African type plasmid, was present in 3 isolates out of 22 PPNGs, all of which occurred with a conjugative 24.5 megadalton plasmid. 4.4 megadalton plasmid was present in 19 isolates out of 22 PPNGs, 5 of which occurred with a conjugative 24.5 megadalton plasmid. The infective sources of the 3 cases of the African type PPNGs were found as 1 from philippines and 2 from prostitutes, so called Soap Land Girl in Japan. And they suggests that the African type PPNGs are already common in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A simple method for mouse embryo cryopreservation in a low toxicity vitrification solution, without appreciable loss of viability.

Mouse morulae were exposed to solutions containing 30-50% of permeable agents (ethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol) in modified phosphate-buffered saline (PB1 medium) at 20 degrees C for 20 min. A high percentage of them developed to expanded blastocysts in culture, after exposure to 30% and 40% ethylene glycol (98 and 84%, respectively), or 30% glycerol (88%). Ethylene glycol and glycerol were diluted to 30 and 40% with PB1 medium or with PB1 containing 30% Ficoll or 30% Ficoll + 0.5 M-sucrose, immersed in liquid nitrogen in straws and warmed in 20 degrees C water. Solutions containing 40% of a permeable agent with Ficoll did not crystallize during cooling or warming. Mouse morulae were exposed to 40% ethylene glycol in PB1 medium containing 30% Ficoll (EF) or PB1 medium + 30% Ficoll + 0.5 M-sucrose (EFS) for 5-20 min at 20 degrees C. EFS solution was non-toxic to the embryos during 5 min of exposure. When embryos, equilibrated in EFS solution for 2 or 5 min at 20 degrees C, were vitrified at -196 degrees C and were warmed rapidly, nearly all embryos developed in culture (97-98%), and 51% developed to live young at term after transfer. This method, which results in virtually no decrease in embryonic viability, may be of practical use for embryo preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Variable threshold levels for estimation of renal uptake of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid based on single photon emission computed tomography].

To calculate renal uptake of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) more accurately using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), it is necessary to estimate values of threshold level, which corresponds to the ratio of kidney to background (BG ratio). Thus the phantom and clinical studies were conducted. Six kinds of renal phantoms of 80 to 339 ml, contained different radioactivity of 37 to 485 MBq were prepared. These phantoms were placed in a larger body phantom filled with 1 to 50% of radioactivity representing background. Clinical application of this method was also performed. Results were as follows. 1) A significant correlation between phantom volumes and estimated volumes obtained using threshold level based on BG ratio calculated on tomographic images was found (r = 0.99). 2) A significant correlation between total counts in estimated volumes and radioactivities in phantoms was recognized (r = 0.94). 3) Known radioactivity in phantoms and radioactivity in estimated volumes were highly related (r = 0.98). 4) Clinical application showed valuable results in patients with renal dysfunction. Thus, this method can calculate more accurate renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Early changes in serum alpha-fetoprotein after chemotherapy in advanced testicular tumors].

The serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are known to undergo acute changes (paradoxical elevation) after effective chemotherapies for testicular germ cell tumors. In order to understand the clinical significance, the changes of the serum AFP levels after PVB therapy for testicular germ cell tumors were analyzed, and their relationship to the treatment effects was investigated in this retrospective study. Thirty-one patients with testicular germ cell tumors (11 with stage I, 7 with stage II, and 13 with stage III) which had been treated by PVB therapy were evaluated. The measurement of the serum AFP levels was performed by radioimmunoassay on Day 1 (the initiation day of the PVB therapy), thereafter on Day 8 and Day 22. The half-life (t1/2) or doubling time (t2) of the serum AFP were calculated. In patients with stage I disease, the serum AFP levels declined nearly according to its biological half-life between Day 1 and Day 22 after termination of chemotherapy (t1/2 = 6.2 days). In patients with stage II or III disease, the changes of the serum AFP levels were not consistent with the treatment results between Day 1 and Day 8. Namely, complete responders revealed a prolonged decline of the serum AFP levels (t1/2 = 63.0 days), partial responders a transient rise of the serum AFP levels (t2 = 49.5 days) and non-responders a sudden rise of the serum AFP levels (t2 = 9.9 days). On the contrary, the serum AFP levels changed in accordance with the treatment effects between Day 8 and Day 22. Early changes of the serum AFP levels were seen in patients with stage II or III disease between Day 1 and Day 8 after chemotherapy. It was indicated that the measurements of the serum AFP levels during this period were not useful for the evaluation of the treatment effects in these patients. Furthermore, it was suggested that the early changes of the serum AFP levels possibly correlate with the poor response. The mechanism of the early changes of the serum AFP was also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical application of compact ESWL (Direx Tripter X-1)].

Clinical trials using Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripter (Tripter X-1) were performed on 30 cases for upper urinary tract calculi (16 cases: renal stone, 14 cases: ureter stone) with one trial per individual case from December, 1988 till February 1989. The fragmentation rate of 100% resulted. One month after treatment, evaluation on the X-ray film showed that 10 cases (33%) were found to be excellent where stone silhouette was no more observed. Effective cases where residual stone having dimension of below 5mm counted 10 (33%), and clinically effective rate, sum of both excellent and effective rates was 67 percent. Effective rate was 75 percent in case of kidney stone, and 57 percent in case of ureter stone respectively. Side effects of visual hematuria, skin ecchymosis and fever were observed, yet none of them was of serious grade, and post operative changes in blood chemistry were mild and transient. No remarkable side effects due to radiation exposure were observed. We concluded therefore that Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy by this system is an effective therapy for upper urinary tract stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Study of blood flow in hyperthermia using human renal cell carcinoma heterotransplanted in nude mice--differences in histological tumour pattern upon the effects of hyperthermia].

Utilizing two types of human renal cell carcinoma heterotransplanted in nude mice (JRC 1; papillary, avascular pattern, grade III, JRC 11; anaplastic and alveolar, hypervascular pattern, grade IV), we investigated the influence of tumor blood flow upon the effects of local hyperthermia (42.5 degrees C), induced by 915 MHz microwave. Blood flow was determined from the rate of thermal clearance by use of the bio-heat transfer equation. The rate of thermal clearance was measured at intervals of approximately 10 minutes throughout the treatment session after turning off the microwave for 50 seconds. With both strains it was necessary to increase the microwave power until the constant steady-state temperature of 42.5 degrees C was reached. The JRC 11 strain needed more power for the constant temperature than JRC 1, but it needed a greater decrease in power level during the heating session to maintain a constant steady-state temperature. This was an indication that the tumour blood flow decreased more markedly in the JRC 11 strain. In both tumours, a decrease of blood flow was observed during the heating session. In the case of the JRC 1 strain, it was observed that the mean value of blood flow was 1.87 times higher than that of JRC 11. This indicated a sharp reduction in blood flow in JRC 11 strain. This reduction was confirmed by the thermal clearance measurement at the end of the treatment session. A sharp reduction in blood flow in hypervascular tumour (JRC 11 strain) is caused by a stasis of intra-tumoural blood circulation during the heating.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The male reproductive function in patients with spinal cord injury].

Seminal findings and blood hormone levels were studied for evaluating the male reproductive function in patients with spinal cord injury. The patients were divided into 3 groups, namely, 18 patients with complete injury, 5 patients with incomplete injury and 3 patients with dyspermatism. The number of sperms, the rate of movement and rate of deformation were measured for semen obtained by forced ejaculation. The number of sperms was kept at a relatively high level in the three groups, while the rate of movement fell off in all of the three groups. The rate of deformation was highest in the patients with complete injury and lowest in the patients with dyspermatism. As for blood hormone levels, LH, FSH and Testosterone (hereinafter referred to as TES) were determined by the RIA. The cases were classified into those in the acute stage and those in the chronic stage 3 months after sustaining injury for a comparative study. The subjects consisted of 27 cases in the acute stage and 47 cases in the chronic stage. For 8 patients in the acute stage, the blood hormone levels were determined even in the chronic stage and follow-up observations were made on the changes in the levels. The FSH level was low in both stages, while LH and TES tended to increase in the chronic stage. Particularly, the TES level was elevated in all the cases in the follow-up observations made in 8 patients. From the results mentioned above, transient disturbance of the interstitial function is suggested as the mechanism of male gonadal disturbance due to spinal cord injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study of the renal pelvis and ureteral cancer].

During the 13 years from 1976 to 1988, 160 patients with renal pelvic and ureteral cancer were reviewed based on a new general rule for clinical and pathological studies on renal pelvic and ureteral cancer of Japanese Urological Association. There were 71 renal pelvic cancers, 80 ureteral cancers, and 9 cancers in both regions. Patients ranged in age from 35 to 91 years old (average: 63). The involved side was right in 63 and left in 97. The most frequent symptom was hematuria, which was seen in 81.1%. IVP revealed the findings of filling defects, hydronephrosis, and non-visualized kidney in 99.7% of the patients. Total nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection was performed in 123 cases, nephroureterectomy in 16 cases, nephrectomy in 5 cases, partial ureterectomy in 10 case, and biopsy in 6 cases. As adjuvant therapies, irradiation was performed in 32 and chemotherapy in 123. Histologically, 156 were with transitional cell carcinoma, one squamous cell carcinoma, one adenocarcinoma and 2 unclear, the over-all survival rate of this study at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years were 86.8%, 73.0%, 65.3% and 45.6%, respectively. No patient with lymph-node metastasis (N+) survived longer than 5 years. All patients with M(1) died within one year. There were no difference of prognosis between renal pelvic cancer and ureteral cancer. Regarding various prognostic factors, our series gave the same results as previous reports. However, it should be stressed that pathological grading was the most important prognostic factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Study on clinical characteristics in relation to size of renal cell carcinoma].

Four hundred and thirty-one patients with renal cell carcinoma treated at Jikei University and its related institutions from 1957 to 1988 were studied as to tumour size in relation to clinical characteristics (age, sex ratio, affected side, symptoms), prognostic factor (fever, weight loss, anaemia, elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate), pathological staging, pathological grading, and survival. The treated patients were divided into 4 groups on the basis of tumour size (group A; under 3.0 cm, group B; 3.1 to 5.9 cm, group C; 6.0 to 9.9 cm, group D; over 10 cm in diameter). At the time of operation, there were 22 cases (5.1%) in group A, 121 cases (28.1%) in group B, 209 cases (48.5%) in group C, and 79 cases (18.3%) in group D. In studying the clinical factors of age, sex ratio, and affected side, no relationship with size was detected. As for the symptoms, the larger the tumour, the more frequent the symptoms of urinary tract (haematuria, pain, and palpable mass). This tendency was especially marked in the cases of group D (over 10.0 cm in diameter). In addition, no relationships were observed between the rate of haematuria and the symptoms of extraurinary tract in each group. As for the prognostic factors (fever, weight loss, anaemia and the elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate), there was an obvious tendency for a positive reaction of these factors in the cases of groups C and D (over 6.0 cm in diameter). As for the distribution of stage and grade in each group, a higher stage and grade were observed with large sized tumours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Comparative study of the patients with renal cell carcinoma before and after 1980].

Patients with renal cell carcinoma treated at Jikei University and affiliated institutions were studied with regard to temporal differences. Our study population was divided into two groups: an earlier group comprising 169 patients treated between January 1957 and December 1979, and a later group comprising 165 cases treated between January 1980 and December 1984. The mean age in the earlier group was 56.2 years, while that in the later group was 60.4 years. Therefore, the patients in the earlier group were generally younger than those in the later group. Patients in the earlier group were more likely to present with urinary symptoms at the time of diagnosis. On the other hand, patients in the later group were more likely to present with extra-urinary symptoms or to be asymptomatic. The time period between the onset of symptoms and initial consultation with physician was longer (within one month) in the earlier group. Most patients in the later group underwent nephrectomy using the transperitoneal or thoracoabdominal approach. Few patients in the later group were treated with radiotherapy. As adjuvant chemotherapy, MFC (MMC, 5-FU and Ara-C) or MACV (methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide and vincristine) regimen were most commonly employed in the earlier group. FAV (5-FU, adriamycin and vinblastine) regimen or interferon therapy which was classified as biological response modifiers (BRM) were more commonly employed in the later group. More cases were diagnosed as stage II in the earlier group, and more cases were diagnosed as stage IV in the later group. No significant differences were observed between the earlier and later groups, with regard to 5- and 10-year survival rates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of undifferentiated renal cell carcinoma in comparison with well differentiated cases].

UNLABELLED: During the past 28 years, 397 patients with renal cell carcinoma were treated at The Jikei University Hospital and its related institutions. Of these, 44 cases with undifferentiated renal cell carcinoma (grade IV) were compared with well differentiated cases (grade I), with regard to following 5 clinicopathological items: 1) general clinical features such as distribution of patient ages, sex ratio, affected side, the relationship of age and the volume of nephrectomized kidney, 2) angiographic appearance, 3) distribution of stages, 4) distribution of metastatic organs, 5) survival rates of each grade and each stage. THE RESULTS: 1) There was no specific trend in the distribution of affected ages, sex ratio and affected side of the tumour, but the volume of nephrectomized kidney in grade IV cases was much larger than that of the kidneys in grade 1 cases. Furthermore, in grade IV cases, the older the patient, the much lighter was the nephrectomized kidney. 2) No specific trends were observed in the angiographic pattern in the two groups. 3) Regarding stages, 75% of patients with the grade IV had stage IV carcinoma. But, 69% of patients with grade I had stage I. 4) Grade IV patients had a high incidence of lung and liver metastasis compared with grade I, which had a high incidence of bone metastasis. 5) Patients in grade IV and in grade I with stages I-III carcinomas lived longer than any grade with stage IV. So the undifferentiated renal cell carcinoma should be treated with adjuvant therapy even in low stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mechanism of testicular atrophy induced by di-n-butyl phthalate in rats. Part 1.

Repeated oral doses of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) to male rats caused a decrease in testicular fructose and glucose and a sloughing of the germ cells on the first day of treatment. On day 2, more severe sloughing was seen and was accompanied by decreases in testicular iron and zinc levels and increases in the level of inositol and cholesterols. The sloughing was followed by atrophy, accompanied by dissociation of the germ cells from the Sertoli cells and reduction of triglycerides, cholesterols and phospholipids containing choline and ethanolamine residues in the testis.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1989

Hyperthermia with simultaneous administration of interferon using established human renal carcinoma heterotransplanted in nude mice.

Using human renal carcinoma heterotransplanted in nude mice, the effects of the combined use of hyperthermia and interferon (natural human interferon-alpha; IFN-alpha, and recombinant interferon-gamma; IFN-gamma) were examined. The hyperthermic device used was the Clini-Therm, Mark VII, 915 MHz, microwave. The administration of interferon was started immediately before hyperthermia and carried out on consecutive days. The combined use of hyperthermia and IFN was compared with hyperthermia and with IFN alone. The combined use of hyperthermia and IFN-alpha was shown to have significant anti-tumour effects compared with the former or latter alone. Of 10 nude mice (10 implanted tumours) used for the experiment, 5 showed complete disappearance of the implanted tumours and the others showed prolongation of survival. Combined treatment with IFN-gamma and hyperthermia showed no significant effect when compared with other treatment groups. Combined treatment with local hyperthermia and IFN-alpha may have some application to the clinical management of renal carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Nephrectomy in renal carcinoma with distant metastasis.

A total of 96 cases of renal carcinoma with distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis was studied. The patients were classified into 4 groups: Group O (16) in whom nephrectomy was not performed, Group A (51) who died due to carcinoma within 1 year of nephrectomy, Group B (25) who died due to carcinoma 1 to 3 years after nephrectomy, and Group C (4) who survived for 3 years or more after nephrectomy. Six clinical measurements were evaluated: haemoglobin, ESR, alpha 2 globulin, temperature, weight and C reactive protein. In addition, performance status, the number of organs with metastases, number of metastatic lesions and tumour growth rate were measured. The results showed that in patients surviving for 1 year or more after nephrectomy, there was an abnormality in the results of 3 or less of the 6 clinical measurements, performance was 0 or 1, and the carcinoma had metastasised to only one organ. In addition, it was found that the growth of metastatic lesions in patients who survived for 3 years or more was much slower than in the other patients. Nephrectomy was found to be effective in only 27% of our cases and we consider that careful deliberation should be made pre-operatively as to whether nephrectomy is really necessary in patients with metastasis. The decision should be made on the basis of the results obtained in the 6 clinical measurements given above.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2: cranial MR findings.

Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF-1) (von Rekhlinghausen disease) and neurofibromatosis 2 (NF-2) (bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis) have been recently recognized to be distinct disorders through genetic linkages. The authors compared the cranial magnetic resonance (MR) images of 53 patients with NF-1 and 11 with NF-2. In the NF-1 group, MR imaging revealed 19 patients with optic gliomas and eight with parenchymal gliomas. In 32 patients, foci of prolonged T2, similar to those reported previously as hamartomas, were identified in the cerebellar peduncles, globus pallidus, midbrain, and other locations. The frequency of these foci was related to both age and the presence of optic gliomas. In the NF-2 group, MR imaging revealed eight patients with cranial nerve schwannomas and six with meningiomas (in addition to acoustic schwannomas in all 11). These findings demonstrate that NF-1 and NF-2 are different diseases requiring different imaging protocols. NF-1 seems to be associated with tumors of astrocytes and neurons and NF-2 with tumors of meninges and Schwann cells.

Adolescent↗