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Biomedical subjects

T Müller

Publications and source records attributed to T Müller.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Increased serum concentration of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in patients with combined pancreas and kidney transplantation.

Serum concentration of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (cCDT) is used for laboratory diagnosis and follow-up of chronic alcohol abuse. In analyzing by CDTect-RIA (Pharmacia) sera from outpatients with combined pancreas and kidney transplantation and no excessive alcohol consumption, we found above-normal values for cCDT and CDT/transferrin ratios (CDT/Tf) in more than half of the samples. Isoelectric focusing of these samples showed distinct bands of carbohydrate-deficient isotransferrins, supporting the abnormal findings from the CDTect assay. In contrast, diabetics and outpatients who had received only kidney transplants showed normal values for cCDT, CDT/Tf, and isotransferrin patterns. Increased serum Tf, sialidase-producing microorganisms, and immunosuppressive medication were eliminated as causes of these abnormal cCDT and CDT/Tf results. Successful pancreas transplantation leads to hyperinsulinemia and normoglycemia, in contrast to hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia in the patients who receive kidney transplants alone. These factors may have pathogenic importance for CDT increase, yielding results falsely interpreted as positive with respect to alcohol abuse in patients with combined pancreas and kidney transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Quality management in the serodiagnosis of European swine fever: results of comparative tests].

In the course of inter-laboratory quality management comparative serological tests on classical swine fever (CSF) are conducted once per year. Results from tests carried out in 1994 and 1995 indicate that most regional diagnostic laboratories were able to classify the test sera correctly as CSF-positive, bovine viral diarrhea (BVD)-positive and negative, respectively. Difficulties were encountered in the differential diagnosis of CSF and BVD in neutralisation tests. There is a need to improve the standardization of CSF serology on the basis of a well established method in order to ensure reliability of test results and to enable comparison of results obtained from different laboratories.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Comparison of different BVD virus strains for their use in the differential diagnosis of classical swine fever--an attempt to standardize neutralization tests].

Six bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) virus strains were tested in the neutralization test for their use in the differential diagnosis in classical swine fever (CSF) serology. The aim of the investigation was to find a suitable BVD virus strain guaranteeing a safe differentiation of CSF- and BVD virus induced antibodies using permanent cell cultures (PK-15, MDBK). For test purposes the neutralizing antibody titres of 73 defined test sera were titrated against the CSF virus strain Alfort/187 as well as the BVD virus strains Grub, Paplitz, NADL, 1138/69, Stendal, 10421/Han 94). Tests were repeated fivefold. The level of mean antibody titres, the differences in titre to the homologous pestivirus strain, the standard deviation and the variation coefficient served as test criteria. The BVD virus strains Grub and NADL yielded the best results. In view of harmonization and standardization the BVD virus strain NADL in connection with a standard protocol for neutralization tests is recommended for the differential diagnosis in CSF serology. Due to the adaptation of the permanent cell-lines PK-15 and MDBK to horse serum a further source of contamination with non cytopathogenic BVD viruses under routine conditions can be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Rate of proliferation as a prognostic criterion in endometrial carcinoma--an immunohistochemical analysis with the monoclonal antibody KI-S1].

In a subset of 183 primarily operative treated patients of 300 patients with endometrial carcinoma an analysis of histological tumor type (n = 142), myometrial invasion (n = 115), stage (n = 114), immunohistochemically detected steroid receptor status, histologic grading (n = 152) and growth fraction, detected by immunohistochemical determination of antibody Ki-S1 (n = 130), was performed. The mean follow up was 9.1 years. By univariate analysis, age, myometrial invasion (< = 3/>3 mm), expression of steroid receptor, FIGO-stage, histologic grading and growth fraction were found to influence the overall survival rate significantly. Cox multivariate regression showed age, FIGO-stage and growth fraction to be independent predictors of overall survival. With respect to survival univariate analysis revealed progesterone receptor status, FIGO-stage, histologic grading and growth fraction as prognostic factors. By multivariate analysis FIGO-stage, histologic grading and growth fraction were found to be independent prognostic factors for survival. Multivariate and univariate analysis exhibited FIGO-stage, histologic grading and growth fraction rate to be independent predictors of a disease-free survival. Immunohistochemically detected growth fraction seems to be useful as an additional prognostic factor in endometrial cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Selegiline stimulates biosynthesis of cytokines interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6.

Several lines of evidence indicate an immune-mediated pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In clinical studies the monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor Selegiline appears to slow the progression of neurological deficits in PD and the cognitive decline in AD. The immune response to bacterial or viral infection and in chronic inflammatory processes is stimulated by an increased synthesis of the cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and subsequently interleukin-6 (IL-6). We investigated the influence of Selegiline on the synthesis of IL-1 beta and IL-6 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy blood donors cultured with or without Selegiline (10(-8)M, 10(-9)M or 10(-10)M) in a humidified atmosphere (7% CO2). Treatment of cultured PBMC with Selegiline significantly increased synthesis of both cytokines. The effect of Selegiline on cytokine biosynthesis may contribute to its putative neuroprotective properties.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Preparation of primary cultures and acute slices of the nervous system of the moth Manduca sexta.

Interactions among receptor neurons, glial cells and neurons intrinsic to the antennal lobe of the moth underlie the formation of olfactory glomeruli. To isolate these interactions, as well as to understand the effect of a variety of humoral agents on differentiation of the neurons and glia, we generate primary cultures of neurons or glia. These methods are described. In addition. we describe a protocol for producing slice preparations of the developing moth brain that we are using to study the biophysical and morphological development of glial cells. This technique allows us to examine a class of glial cells associated with the glomeruli that otherwise are nearly inaccessible using standard intracellular recording techniques. It also preserves the 3-dimensional arrangement of glia that may strongly influence the development of glomeruli.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Association of human protein-tyrosine phosphatase kappa with members of the armadillo family.

We have identified a human receptor-like protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) in the mammary carcinoma cell line SK-BR-3, which represents the human homolog of murine PTPkappa (Jiang, Y.-P., Wang, H., D'Eustachio, P., Musacchio, J. M., Schlessinger, J., and Sap, J. (1993) Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 2942-2951) and was therefore termed hPTPkappa. We show here that hPTPkappa expression is dependent on cell density and find it colocalized with two members of the arm family of proteins, beta-catenin and gamma-catenin/plakoglobin, at adherens junctions. Using both in vitro and in vivo binding assays, we demonstrate specific complex formation between endogenous hPTPkappa and beta- and gamma-catenin/plakoglobin. In addition, we present evidence that suggests that beta-catenin may represent a substrate for the catalytic activity of hPTPkappa. The identification of specific binding partners for this receptor-like PTP provides insight into the mechanisms of its biological action and suggests a role for hPTPkappa in the regulation of processes involving cell contact and adhesion such as growth control, tumor invasion, and metastasis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

[Could C- and D-network mobile phones endanger patients with pacemakers?].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate prospectively the extent of potentially harmful interference of cardiac pacemakers by mobile phones in the C (analog) and D (digital) networks in use in Germany. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 104 patients (54 men, 50 women; mean age 75.8 [40-100] years) with 58 different implanted pacemaker models (43 one-chamber and 15 two-chamber systems) underwent uniform tests at various functional states with three different telephones (D1 portable 8 Watt, D1 Handy model 2 Watt, C Handy model 0.5 Watt). The distances between telephone aerial and pacemaker, as well as reception sensitivity and polarity of the pacemaker were varied. All tests were done during continuous ECG monitoring. RESULTS: 28 different pacemaker types (48.3%) in 43 patients (41.3%) showed interference in the form of pacemaker inhibition and switching to interference frequencies as well as triggering of pacemaker-mediated tachycardias in the DDD mode, as well as in the temperature-regulated frequency-adaptive function. D portables influenced pacemaker function more often and at greater distance than the D Handy model, which was little different from the c network hand phone. Reduction in pacemaker sensitivity as well as switching to bipolar reception only partly eliminated the interference. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with implanted pacemakers should if possible not use mobile phones in the C and D networks. Individual testing with suitable programming of pacemaker sensitivity and polarity can reduce the risk of interference.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Electrical coupling among Bergmann glial cells and its modulation by glutamate receptor activation.

We studied the characteristics of electrical coupling between Bergmann glial cells in mouse cerebellar slices using Lucifer Yellow injection, patch-clamping cell pairs, and ultrastructural inspection. While early postnatal cells (days 5-7) were not coupled, coupling was abundant at postnatal days 20-24. Coupled cells were arranged perpendicular to the parallel fibers in a parasagittal section, forming a string, rather than a cluster of cells. Electron microscopy revealed that gap junctions were abundant in the distal parts of the processes. Gap junctions between cell bodies and processes were very rare, and no gap junctions were found between cell bodies of adjacent Bergmann glial cells. The junctional conductance was voltage and time independent and could be markedly reduced by halothane. Alkalization of cells (by applying NH4+) increased the junctional conductance to 150%, while acidification of the cell interior (by removing NH4+) led to a decrease to 70%. Activation of AMPA receptors induced a blockade of the junctional conductance to 30% of the control. This link is most likely mediated by the influx of Ca2+ via the receptor since this effect was not observed in Ca(2+)-free medium, suggesting that Ca2+ entry via the kainate receptor pore led to the closure of gap junctions. These studies indicate that electrical coupling between Bergmann glial cells is not only developmentally regulated but also controlled by physiological stimuli.

Aging↗
PubMed1996

Cryopreservation of anchorage-dependent mammalian cells fixed to structured glass and silicon substrates.

This paper describes a procedure for the cryopreservation of anchorage-dependent cells in a predefined position on microstructured glass or silicon substrates. During freezing and thawing, cells retain their location on the substrate, and an individual comparison and identification of cells before and after preservation are possible. To utilize this advantage, a good adherence and a high survival rate are important. It can be shown that adhesion of mouse fibroblasts (NIH-3T3) to substrate strongly influences the survival rate: 94% of cells grown for 16 h before freezing were judged to be alive after thawing. Widely spaced cells are best suited to cryopreservation on substrates. The different patterns of adhesion of cells to substrates when incubated for 1, 3, 6, and 16 h, were visualized by total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM).

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1996

The clinical potential of Deprenyl in neurologic and psychiatric disorders.

This article reviews the results of clinical studies with Deprenyl in various neurologic and psychiatric disorders except Parkinson's disease. Promising results could be observed both in narcolepsy in a dose of at least 20 mg/day in three different trials and in one study of Tourette's syndrome including attention hyperactivity disorders using an average dosis of 8.1 mg/ day. Controversial results were reported for Alzheimer's disease. On the one hand significant improvement of cognitive functions was found by various authors. On the other hand in a more recent study no effect on the progression of the disease could be observed. For depression a higher dosage of deprenyl between 30 to 60 mg/day appears to be necessary for effective treatment. No positive results were found in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in tardive dyskinesias.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Use of prostaglandin I2 in three small children at high risk of early renal graft thrombosis.

We report the use of prostaglandin I.2. (PGI2) in three small children weighing less than 15 kg at high risk of graft thrombosis after cadaveric renal transplantation complicated by acute tubular necrosis. PGI2 was started at a dose of 5 ng/kg per min within the first 6 h after transplantation, and was continued for 12-15 days. Before and during PGI2 infusion, color-coded and pulsed Doppler sonography was performed. We found immediate restoration of diastolic flow, consistent with a decrease in vascular resistance. During the subsequent days, the sonographically assessed flow pattern and clinical graft function improved gradually. None of the three consecutively treated children developed graft thrombosis or lost his graft; no clinically relevant bleeding or adverse hemodynamic or pulmonary effects were seen.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Parenteral application of NADH in Parkinson's disease: clinical improvement partially due to stimulation of endogenous levodopa biosynthesis.

Exogenous application of levodopa is conventionally used to equalize the striatal dopamine deficit in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). The stimulation of endogenous biosynthesis of levodopa via activation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) has been proposed as new therapeutic concept in PD. This may be achieved by exogenous supply with the reduced coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Aim of this open prospective study was to investigate (1) the efficacy of a new developed, parenteral application form of NADH on Parkinsonian symptoms and (2) the influence of bioavailability of levodopa. 15 patients, suffering from idiopathic PD (11 male, 4 female, age: 61.40[mean] +/- 10.27[SD] range: 44-74 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage: 3.03 +/- 0.69, range 2-4) received intravenous infusions of NADH (10 mg a' 30 min) over a period of 7 days in addition to conventional Parkinsonian pharmacotherapy. Parkinsonian symptoms were scored before (day 1) and after NADH treatment (day 8). Levodopa plasma levels were estimated over a period of four hours on the day before and on the first day of NADH application by HPLC. Parkinsonian patients showed a significant response, evaluated by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Version 3.0 (p = 0.025; Wilcoxon test). Moreover application of NADH significantly increased bioavailability of plasma levodopa (AUC, p = 0.035; Cmax p = 0.025). In conclusion NADH in used galenic form may be a potent stimulator of endogenous levodopa biosynthesis with clinical benefit for Parkinsonian patients.

Adult↗