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Biomedical subjects

T M Kidder

Publications and source records attributed to T M Kidder.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Assessment of auditory cortex activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to assess auditory cortex activation evoked by pure-tone stimulus with functional MRI. METHODS: Five healthy children, aged 7 to 10 years, were studied. Hearing evaluation was performed by pure-tone audiometry in a sound-treated room and in the MRI scanner with the scanner noise in the background. Subjects were asked to listen to pure tones (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz) at thresholds determined in the MRI scanner. Functional image processing was performed with a cross-correlation technique with a correlation coefficient of 0.5 (P < 0.0001). Auditory cortex activation was assessed by observing activated pixels in functional images. RESULTS: Functional images of auditory cortex activation were obtained in 3 children. All children showed activation in Heschl's gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and planum temporale. The number of activated pixels in auditory cortexes ranged from 4 to 33. CONCLUSIONS: Functional images of auditory cortex activation evoked by pure-tone stimuli are obtained in healthy children with the functional MRI technique.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1998

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortex in children.

OBJECTIVE: TO obtain images of auditory cortex activation in children by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI). METHODS: Seven healthy children (three girls and four boys), ages 6 to 10 years, were studied. Hearing evaluation was performed by puretone audiometry on the day of FMRI study. Brain imaging was performed on a commercial 1.5 T imager using a three-axis local gradient coil. During scanning the children were instructed to lie still and avoid any lip, eye, jaw, or other facial movements. Subjects were asked to listen to a standard text presented in on-off sequences. Functional images of the auditory cortex were acquired with FMRI technique. Functional imaging processing was done using cross-correlation techniques with a coefficient of 0.5 (P < .0001). RESULTS: Functional correlation images of the auditory cortex activation were obtained in six of seven children after image processing. All children showed activation in the superior temporal gyrus, Heschl's gyrus, planum temporale, frontal lobe, and parietal regions. There was no significant difference in the number and percentage of activated pixels on right and left auditory cortices. CONCLUSIONS: Functional images of auditory cortex activation were obtained in healthy children following binaural text presentation. Consistent activation was observed in primary and secondary auditory cortices with no hemispheric dominance. FMRI characteristics of the auditory cortex activation in healthy children should be established in order to study those with hearing impairment.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1997

Symptom management for incurable head and neck cancer.

The overall cure rate for cancer of the head and neck is about 50%. For those patients who will die of their disease, active palliative care is needed. This article seeks to present a practical approach to managing the symptoms, especially pain, suffered by patients with incurable malignancy. (See related article, Using Opioids to Control Suffering: A Painstaking Approach, on page 20 of the February, 1997 WMJ.) While the focus is on head and neck cancer, the principles and much of the information contained herein is applicable to patients dying from other types of malignant disease.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1995

Esophago/pharyngo/laryngeal interrelationships: airway protection mechanisms.

This presentation is part of a parallel seminar entitled "Esophago/Pharyngo/Laryngeal Interrelationships." It reports on some of the work done to elucidate the intricate mechanisms involved in transporting food/liquid through the pharynx while simultaneously protecting the airway from aspiration. Significant species differences occur during swallowing, which influence the interpretation of experimental results. Briefly discussed in this panel presentation are the distinction between the glottic closure reflex and laryngospasm; some variations that occur in normal and disordered adult swallowing; the sequence of events during swallowing; differences in the reciprocal relationship between breathing and swallowing in adults as contrasted with infants; and laryngeal reflexes engendered by esophageal stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Indications and techniques of endoscopy in evaluation of cervical dysphagia: comparison with radiographic techniques.

The technique of fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing disorders (FEES), and a comparison of its utility with that of videofluoroscopic examination in patients with dysphagia, was presented in a workshop session. Viewpoints were expressed by two speech pathologists and an otolaryngologist experienced in assessment and treatment of patients with dysphagia, and representative cases, illustrated with videotaped FEES and videofluoroscopic studies, were discussed. Some of the major advantages and disadvantages of each of these modalities are discussed in the following three articles.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1992

Manometric characteristics of cervical dysphagia in a patient with the Kearns-Sayre syndrome.

The manometric findings of deglutitive pharyngoesophageal function in a patient with the Kearns-Sayre syndrome and cervical dysphagia are described. These findings indicate that striated muscles of the pharynx, upper esophageal sphincter (UES), and proximal esophagus are involved. Near absence of pharyngeal peristalsis, abnormally low UES resting pressure, and absence of proximal esophageal peristalsis characterize the manometric findings in this patient. It is conceivable that in mild cases, a combination of various degrees of severity of the above findings may exist.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the orbital bones.

PURPOSE: The authors report a case of an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma arising in the orbital bones. A review of the literature related to this rare orbital neoplasm identified eight well-documented cases, one of which occurred in a patient younger than that reported here, but none of which originated in bone. METHODS: A 3 1/2-month-old boy had a left inferior orbital mass that had grown rapidly over a 3-day period. An emergency computed tomography scan showed a large neoplasm with significant bone destruction of the zygoma and maxilla. Initial examination suggested a rhabdomyosarcoma, and a transconjunctival biopsy was performed, which was complicated by significant blood loss. The final pathologic diagnosis was an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, or grade 2 hemangioendothelioma, of bone origin. No other sites of disease were found on metastatic survey. Subsequent treatment consisted of an en bloc tumor resection sparing the orbital soft tissues and globe. RESULTS: The patient is free of disease and has normal visual fixation and ocular motility 20 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a vascular malignancy of endothelial cell origin, very rarely involves the orbit. This case is notable for its early development, rapid growth, bony origin, and epithelioid histology.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

Tracheoesophageal complications of thyroid disease.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy in thyroid diagnosis has significantly reduced the need for diagnostic thyroidectomy. The relative proportion of therapeutic thyroid surgery is therefore increasing and, since a significant number of therapeutic procedures are indicated to alleviate tracheoesophageal complications, surgeons are likely to be confronted with an increasing percentage of potentially challenging cases in the face of declining thyroidectomy caseloads. All thyroidectomies done at the authors' institution from 1987 through 1990 were studied in order to assess the potential impact of FNA on thyroid surgery and to specifically analyze the management of those cases accompanied by tracheoesophageal complications. It is concluded that 18% of the 87 thyroidectomies in this series could possibly have been avoided had FNA been obtained routinely. The clinical manifestations and surgical management of those cases associated with tracheoesophageal complications are presented. General therapeutic strategies for such cases are also summarized.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1989

The expert witness.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Expert Testimony↗