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Biomedical subjects

T M Bayless

Publications and source records attributed to T M Bayless.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Lactose and milk intolerance: clinical implications.

We studied 166 hospitalized male patients to determine the clinical importance of tolerance-test-determined "lactose intolerance," assumed to affect most of the world's adults. Abnormal lactose tolerance tests were found in 81% of 98 blacks, 12% of 59 whites of Scandinavian or Northwestern European extraction, and three of nine non-European whites. Seventy-two per cent of the "lactose-intolerant" subjects had previously realized that milk drinking could induce abdominal and bowel symptoms. Two hundred and forty milliliters of low-fat milk produced gaseousness or cramps in 59% of 44 "lactose-intolerant" men, and 68% were symptomatic with the equivalent amount of lactose. None of 18 "lactose-tolerant" men noted symptoms with milk or lactose. Refusal to drink 240 ml of low-fat milk served with meals correlated significantly with "lactose-intolerance": 31.4% versus 12.9% among "lactose-tolerant" patients. "Lactose intolerance" is common in adults and is a clinically relevant problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Relationship of milk consumption to blood glucose rise in lactose intolerant individuals.

Lactose intolerant populations are heterogeneous with respect to their milk-drinking habits. A gradation of lactase activity in the intolerant population may result in sufficient lactose hydrolysis to obviate symptoms and lead to continued milk consumption. This paper reports on differences in maximum blood sugar rise in lactose intolerant children who are observed to consume or reject milk. Of the 89 black elementary school children, 48 (54 per cent) evidenced a flat lactose tolerance curve. Twenty-eight of these 48 children (58 per cent) were defined as nonmilk drinkers. The maximum blood sugar rise was 12.3 mg/100 in the 20 lactose malabsorbers who were defined as milk drinkers. It appears that some lactose malabsorbing children may have sufficient, albeit lower, levels of lactase to hydrolyze moderate amounts of milk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Lactose hydrolyzed milk.

Lactose intolerance is being reported in many populations. Yet, milk is highly nutritious and methods are being explored to use milk while limiting the lactose content. Thirty-two blacks 13-19 years of age were studied to determine a blood sugar rise with 8 ounces of the following test milks: 1) untreated whole milk (12 g/lactose); 2) 90% lactose hydrolyzed milk (1.2 g/lactose); and 3) 50% lactose hydrolyzed milk (6 g/lactose). In the 22 lactose malabsorbers, the peak blood sugars were: 1) untreated whole milk--4.4 mg/100 ml, 2) 90% lactose hydrolyzed milk--14.5 mg/100 ml, and 3) 50% lactose hydrolyzed milk--8.8 mg/100 ml. The 10 blacks with normal lactose absorption had a comparably high peak blood sugar on all three test milks. Differences between the blood sugar in the lactose absorbing and malabsorbing subjects when drinking untreated whole milk are significant (P less than 0.001); so are differences in the lactose malabsorbing subjects consuming untreated whole milk and 90% lactose hydrolyzed milk (P less than 0.001) as well as 50 and 90% lactose hydrolyzed milk. Symptoms were reported by three lactose malabsorbing subjects with untreated whole milk with two of the three symptomatic with 90% lactose hydrolyzed milk and none with 50% lactose hydrolyzed milk. No symptoms were reported by the lactose absorbers. Significant improvement in absorption with 90% lactose hydrolyzed milk is seen in low lactase subjects. Lactose hydrolyzed milk may serve as an important alternative for food planners wanting to provide milk to high risk populations with low lactase levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Current perspectives on giardiasis.

Giardia lamblia infestation can cause severe diarrhea and malabsorption, and the diagnosis is usually made by identification of cysts in the feces, but small intestinal biopsy or smears may be required. A wide spectrum of roentgen changes may be seen. In patients with a normal immune status, the small bowel is normal or shows an inflammatory bowel disease pattern. Eradication of the parasite reverses these changes. In some patients with IgA deficiency, nodular lymphoid hyperplasia occurs, and this is usually not reversible. Other patients with hypogammaglobulinemia or dysgammaglobulinemia and giardiasis may show a sprue pattern. This pattern most often persists after eradication of the parasite. Although the triad of giardiasis, IgA deficiency, and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia has a particularly high association, these, together with diarrhea, malabsorption, and various altered immune states may occur in any combination.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Destructive monarthritis and granulomatous synovitis as the presenting manifestations of Crohn's disease.

A twenty-two-year-old woman and a fourteen-year-old boy with Crohn's disease presented with progressive monarticular arthritis with radiologic evidence of altered articular cartilage and subchondral bone. In one individual, granulomatous inflammation of the synovium was demonstrated. Intestinal symptoms were not prominent. In both individuals, the development of the monarthritis led to the discovery of the underlying inflammatory bowel disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Intolerance of eight ounces of milk in healthy lactose-intolerant teen-agers.

The ability of lactose-intolerant individuals to tolerate 8 ounces of milk was determined in healthy teen-agers. Thirty-two blacks were studied with 50-gm lactose tolerance tests. Nineteen (59%) had a flat blood sugar curve and 13 (39%) also developed bloating, cramps, loose stools, or diarrhea with the test. These latter 13 were defined as lactose-intolerant. Seven of the 13 lactose-intolerant teen-agers (54%) developed abdominal bloating and/or cramps after drinking 8 ounces of milk (half-pint). None had diarrhea. Eight were symptomatic with the equivalent amount of lactose (12 gm) while only one had symptoms with the monosaccharide components of lactose, glucose and galactose. The symptoms with milk and 12 gm of lactose were less severe than with the 50-gm tolerance test. A history of a prior awareness of milk intolerance was obtained from 11 of the 13 lactose-intolerant subjects. At least one half of lactose intolerant teen-agers might be expected to be symptomatic after drinking 8 ounces of milk without other food. Milk intolerance should be considered in the nutritional planning for teen-agers with special attention to members of population groups with a high prevalence of lactose intolerance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Methylxanthine induced small intestinal secretion.

Methylxanthines, being potent phosphodiesterase inhibitors, produce increased intestinal cyclic AMP levels and would be predicted to produce increased net intestinal fluid secretion. Their effect when presented to the intestinal lumen, which would be analogous to human ingestion, had not been previously determined. Isolated loops of rat jejunum were perfused with solutions of caffeine and theophylline in vivo. There was a decrease in net fluid absorption in both neonatal and mature animals exposed to theophylline. Mature animals exposed to caffeine developed a prompt secretory response, comparable to thax induced by cholera toxin. The data indicate that methylxanthines are potent intestinal secretagogues when administered intraluminally and suggest that secretory stimulation could be important in the gastrointestinal symptomatology elicited in man by these compounds.

Animals↗