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Biomedical subjects

T Lang

Publications and source records attributed to T Lang.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Collision injuries on ski slopes (author's transl)].

A prospective study was carried out on ski accidents caused by collisions on ski slopes. The article defines the term "ski collision" and then reviews the authors' case histories of the last three years, taking the location and time of accident, the type of collision and injury into consideration. The authors have been able to prove that the collision type of injury differs from "normal" ski injury. The most striking difference in these injuries was found to be the increase in the frequency of visceral cranium trauma. The second difference concerns the incidence of thoracoabdominal injuries. The authors have attempted to point out a few prophylactic measures. A brief discussion deals with problems involving "slope regulations". Finally, the authors urgently recommend, in view of the risk of fatal injuries in collision accidents, to ensure quickest possible and careful transportation of accident victims to a versatile and well-equipped hospital.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Two rare complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: obstruction of the pylorus and gastrocolic fistula occurring in one patient].

UNLABELLED: We report an 10 month old male infant, who developed an obstruction of the pylorus by dislocation of the retention disk 5 months after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). This could be corrected under endoscopic control. Two years after PEG insertion diarrhoe occurred immediately after feeding caused by a gastrocolic fistula with dislocation of the retention disk in the colon transversum. An excision of the fistula and a resection of the colon segment were performed successfully. CONCLUSION: In patients with PEG and unclear abdominal symptoms a tube dislocation has to be kept in mind at any time.

Colon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sedation versus general anesthesia in pediatric endoscopy].

Upper endoscopy was performed in 567 patients: 237 under general anesthesia, 261 in intravenous sedation with midazolam and etomidat (mean dosage 0.26 mg/kg bodyweight), 69 without any premedication. In these many patients defended strongly and some investigations have to been interrupted. On the other hand general anaesthesia needed much more time and personnel and produced more costs. In our experience sedation with midazolam and etomidat is most comfortable for patient and endoscopist and the time needed is shorter than in general anaesthesia. Therefore we recommend this method even in therapeutic endoscopy, except only in sclerotherapy of esophageal varices.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperhomocysteinemia in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis is not influenced by methotrexate treatment and folic acid supplementation: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: Our first objective was to compare plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients requiring methotrexate (MTX) treatment and healthy children. Our second aim was to evaluate the influence of low-dose (10-15 mg/m2/week) MTX treatment combined with folic acid supplementation (1 mg/d) or placebo on tHcy concentrations in JIA patients. METHODS: In 17 JIA patients and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy children, baseline tHcy concentrations were measured. When MTX treatment was initiated, JIA patients were randomly assigned to folic acid 1 mg/d/p.o. followed by placebo (8 weeks each) or vice versa. Blood samples for measurement of tHcy, vitamin B6, B12 and folate were taken after 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 20 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: 1) In the healthy children the mean tHcy concentration was 6.3 +/- 1.68 mumol/l as compared to 9.99 +/- 5.17 mumol/l in JIA patients (p < 0.04). At baseline, 5/17 JIA patients had tHcy concentrations > 10.5 mumol/l, the 99th percentile for teenagers. 3/5 patients even exceeded the upper normal level for adults (tHcy > or = 15 mumol/l). MTX treatment did not result in a significant increase of tHcy and folic acid supplementation had no significant impact on tHcy levels. CONCLUSION: This pilot study shows that patients with JIA requiring MTX treatment have significantly elevated baseline plasma tHcy concentrations compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. No significant impact of MTX and folate supplementation on tHcy concentration was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arterial hypertension in the French Caribbean regions: gender related differences].

BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension is a frequent disease, responsible for a significant morbidity, in the French Caribbean regions. Today, epidemiological studies on this topic remain few. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of arterial hypertension in the French Caribbean regions. METHODS: Analysis of the INHAPAG cohort (Incidence of Arterial Hypertension in the Working population Antillo-Guyanaise) carried out in 2001, and including 6113 active subjects recruited in Guadeloupe, Martinique and Guyana. The procedure of diagnosis of arterial hypertension comprises two visits, with a series of three measurements of the blood pressure at each visit. RESULTS: Prevalence of hypertension is estimated to be 18.9% among women and 19.5% among men. The rates of treatment are higher among women (74.8 vs 34.4%) than among men, resulting in a much better control rate (61.3% vs 38.6% among men). An analysis of factors associated with the presence of arterial hypertension shows a noxious role of low education level among women. CONCLUSION: Our study finds marked differences between women and men in the treatment and control of arterial hypertension and underline the need for improving blood pressure management of the latter.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disease modifying trials in Alzheimer disease: methodological and statistical issues.

In order to establish that a drug has an impact on disease progression, a clinical trial must study both the symptomatic and the disease modifying effect of the drug. Disease modifying trials raise some methodological issues with regard to the choice of the design (parallel arm versus two- period design), of the outcome (clinical versus surrogate) and of the statistical analysis (management of missing data).

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Access to care: not enough to completely abolish the disparity in hypertension management at the socio-economic level].

Higher prevalence and poorer control of hypertension have been observed in populations with low socioeconomic status. The causal link between socioeconomic factors and hypertension is complex. What is the impact of medical services compared with other health status determinants? We aimed to assess blood pressure prevalence and control in an unemployed disadvantaged population receiving state financial support and with easy access to health care. This was a cross-sectional study of 2420 consecutive subjects in Guadeloupe, a French Caribbean island, who were referred for check-up in a health centre. As unemployed persons, they all benefited from state financial support and special coverage. Blood pressure was averaged from three consecutive measurements. Subjects not taking antihypertensive medications and with average BP > 140/90 mmHg underwent an additional visit. A total of 1088 men aged 42 +/- 10.6 years and 1332 women aged 40 +/- 11 years were included from November 2001 to November 2003. Hypertension prevalence was 25.2% in men and 22.1% in women, while awareness was 40.2% in men and 73% in women. Blood pressure was controlled (<140/90 mmHg) in 19% of men and 37,2 % of women receiving antihypertensive medication. Among women, 58% were overweight and 29% obese. Hypertension prevalence was slightly higher than that recently observed in cohorts of workers in Caribbean regions and metropolitan France. Control was poorer despite similar awareness and treatment rates. These findings suggest that a universal healthcare system can reduce, but not fully eliminate, disparities in hypertension care and prevalence across income categories.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mortality in cerebrovascular diseases and alcoholism in France].

The french mortality rates due to alcoholism and cerebrovascular disease and occurring between the ages of 35 and 64 years were calculated in the french population split in 210 groups from 21 different regions and belonging to 10 different occupational categories. A close correlation was observed between these two causes of deaths: categories with a high rate of death from alcoholism also had a high rate of death from cerebrovascular diseases. The high level of alcohol consumption in France suggests that the 1 to 15 difference observed between different socio-regional categories should be investigated and reduced.

Adult↗