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Biomedical subjects

T L Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to T L Thompson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Improving psychiatric consultation to nonpsychiatrist physicians.

Nonpsychiatrist physicians were surveyed regarding problems that they had experienced when seeking a psychiatric consultation or treatment referral. They gave three main reasons for not referring more patients to psychiatrists: a belief that other mental health professionals could do as well at less cost, that psychiatrists were less available to discuss patients, and that greater stigma was attached to seeing a psychiatrist than seeing other mental health professionals. Psychiatrists might improve their consultation and referral networks by addressing the misperceptions of their nonpsychiatrist physician colleagues.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Taking care of culturally different and non-English speaking patients.

Many physicians evaluate and care for non-English speaking patients and patients from different cultures. If not carefully considered, cultural factors, including language, often interfere with optimal diagnosis and treatment of these patients. In addition to improved clinical care, increased awareness and assessment of these issues will often enhance patient and family satisfaction and cooperation with therapeutic recommendations. A number of cultural examples are given to illustrate various points, which of course cannot be comprehensive, but which should alert the physician for areas to focus upon. The knowledge and skills to perform a sociocultural differential diagnosis and to initiate treatments in these areas are especially important for consultation-liaison psychiatrists.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed1990

Rehabilitation of the injured athlete.

An increase in the rate of injuries has accompanied the boom in sports participation among children and adolescents. Accurate diagnosis, prompt treatment, and comprehensive rehabilitation are keys to the safe return of the young athlete to sports. Reacquisition of flexibility, strength, and endurance forms the basis of reconditioning. A graded reacclimatization to the demands of the sport allows the athlete to attain the preinjury level of skill. Psychological ramifications of injury such as fear, anger, and depression are to be expected and must be dealt with appropriately.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Location of the nick at oriT of the F plasmid.

The oriT locus of the Escherichia coli K12 F plasmid contains a site at which one of the DNA strands is cleaved as a prelude to conjugal transmission to recipient bacteria. We have remapped this site biochemically by using oriT-containing plasmids that were purified from bacteria expressing the F transfer (tra) functions. The strand interruption was found on the transferred strand 137 base-pairs clockwise of the center of the BglII site at 66.7 on the F map. This location is consistent with the locations anticipated from studies of delta traF' plasmids, but it differs from previous results by other investigators. The strand interruption produced a 3'-OH, but the nature of the 5' terminus of the strand on the other side of the nick was not determined. Some DNA sequence motifs in the vicinity of the oriT nick site of F resemble the chromosomal site involved in formation of delta traF'purE plasmids.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation in rat brain striatal synaptosomes.

The present studies were carried out to determine if tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation in rat brain striatal synaptosomes is activated by dibutyryl cyclic AMP treatment. Incubation of synaptosomes with [32P]orthophosphate, followed by immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, produced a band of radioactivity associated with a 62 kDa polypeptide. Treatment with the catecholamine neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine, produced parallel losses of: (1) tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme activity, (2) dopamine content, and (3) the 62 kDa band of radioactivity. These data support the identification of this band as a tyrosine hydroxylase-derived polypeptide. Incubation with dibutyryl cyclic AMP produced an increase in soluble tyrosine hydroxylase activity and phosphorylation. These results suggest that the increase in synaptosomal catecholamine synthesis produced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP is mediated by an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Motor effects of two sigma ligands mediated by nigrostriatal dopamine neurons.

(+)-Pentazocine, a potent sigma ligand that lacks affinity for PCP receptors, produced dose-dependent contralateral circling behavior following microinjections in the substantia nigra of rats. This effect was attenuated by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of ascending dopamine neurons and enhanced by systemic injections of amphetamine, 6-OHDA lesions also attenuated the circling produced by another selective sigma ligand, 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine (DTG). These findings suggest that sigma receptors are involved in the neural control of movement and the regulation of the ascending dopamine system. Since all typical antipsychotic drugs tested bind to sigma receptors with Ki values less than 1 microM, these findings further suggest that sigma receptors may mediate some of the motor side effects of antipsychotic drug therapy.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1989

Geriatric psychiatry patients' care by primary care physicians.

Primary care physicians were surveyed regarding their perceptions from recall of psychiatric disorders in, and their use of treatment approaches for, their geriatric patients. Affective disorders, organic mental syndrome, and generalized anxiety disorders were the three most common problems reported, and they were felt to be among the three most common problems by 89%, 56%, and 39% of the physicians, respectively. The three most common disorders for which they sought psychiatric consultation or referral were affective disorders, "psychosis," and organic mental syndrome, by 61%, 22%, and 18% of the respondents. The use of various psychiatric treatments and various sources of consultation and referral are analyzed and reported by age, primary care specialty, and practice setting of responding physicians.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A simulation model of forage yield, quality and intake and growth of growing cattle grazing cornstalks.

A simulation model was developed to predict corn crop residue yield and quality and intake and performance of growing cattle grazing cornstalks. The model is wholly deterministic and integrates the effects of weather, residue supply and animal components. Low temperatures increase animal energy requirements, whereas snow cover decreases residue available. Residual grain and leaf are calculated from grain yield. Residue quantity and quality are reduced daily by environmental losses and animal consumption. Daily performance is predicted based on the nutrients obtained from residue and supplemental feed. Under unlimited roughage supply, leaf, husk and grain are primary diet components. Grain consumption decreases as the supply diminishes and forage quality decreases with time. Intake is calculated based on digestibility and fecal output = .0365 W.75. Forage availability affects intake in a curvilinear fashion. Energy gain is predicted by NRC equations and protein gain from metabolizable protein supply. The model underestimated intake of calves measured with chromic oxide and in vitro DM disappearance. Simulated daily gain (y, kg) of calves grazing at several stocking rates was related to observed daily gain (x, kg) by the equation y = .012 + .853 x (R2 = .71, Sy.x = .077). The model overestimated response to protein supplementation. Severe cold weather was predicted to reduce gains or cause weight loss due to increased energy requirements for maintenance. The model can be used as an aid in both research planning and cattle management.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1988

Controlled lysis of bacterial cells utilizing mutants with defective synthesis of D-alanine.

An alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1) mutant (Dal-) of Bacillus subtilis required small amounts of D-alanine to synthesize an osmotically stable cell wall in certain growth media. Investigation of the conditions which caused lysis in hypotonic media revealed that in addition to complex media, such as nutrient broth and acid-hydrolyzed casein, glycine inhibited stable cell wall formation. D-Alanine prevented the glycine inhibition. Up to 99% lysis occurred in both dilute and dense cell suspensions (optical densities up to 110) within 2.5 h after adding 1% glycine to late log phase cultures. Intracellular enzymes recovered from the lysate were as active as those from lysozyme-disrupted cells. No amino acid tested other than glycine induced lysis. Dal- mutants can be used for controlled lysis of bacterial cells to facilitate the isolation of normal intracellular constituents and bioengineered products from fermentation processes. Cell walls of most bacteria contain D-alanine; thus, this strategy should be applicable to a wide variety of microorganisms.

Alanine↗
PubMed1988

Sleep disorders in the elderly.

In their own practices and in consultation, requests to psychiatrists to evaluate and treat sleep disorders in the elderly are common. The five million elders in this country receive 35%-40% of the sedative-hypnotics prescribed, despite the fact that they represent only 12% of the population. Since their sleep disturbances are usually secondary to medical, psychiatric, pharmacologic, or environmental causes, they should receive a thorough evaluation and differential diagnostic approach. Before prescribing a sedative-hypnotic, one should consider nonpharmacologic interventions and education about normal sleep changes due to aging. As a foundation for the judicious prescribing of sedative-hypnotics, the pharmacokinetic changes associated with aging are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Changes in the aging brain as they affect psychotropics: a review.

This article reviews a number of neuroanatomic and neurochemical changes that occur in the brain with aging, and focuses specifically on those that may affect the response to psychotropic drugs. We hope to increase physicians' awareness of these "central," or brain, changes, that occur with aging when prescribing and monitoring psychotropic use, since the traditional emphasis in prescribing for the elderly has rested with the review of pharmacokinetic, or "peripheral" organ changes.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Controlled cell lysis and protoplast formation by enhancement of inhibitors of alanine racemase by glycine.

beta-D-chloroalanine (200-800 micrograms/ml) addition to Bacillus subtilis SB 19 caused a slight inhibition of growth in MLN broth. Inhibitor plus 1% glycine initiated rapid lysis of cells (complete in 2 hours). D-alanine (500 micrograms/ml) prevented lysis. D-cycloserine behaved similarly. Inhibitors in 0.5 M sucrose and 1% glycine formed stable "primed protoplasts" which were converted to the bacillary form by addition of D-alanine. Characteristics of Dal+ cells with inhibitor are similar to Dal- mutants. Thus Dal+ cells in the presence of alanine racemase inhibitors + glycine can be used for controlled lysis and protoplast formation (suitable for PEG transformation with plasmid DNA). Inhibitors in 1% glycine exhibit a strong antibacterial action similar to potent antibiotics which inhibit cell wall formation.

Alanine↗