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T L Demina

Publications and source records attributed to T L Demina.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Prolonged dynamic clinico-immunological observation of 85 patients with definite multiple sclerosis: first steps towards monitoring process activity.

Prolonged clinico-immunological observation of 85 patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) was performed in order to elucidate the connections between the clinical and immune state. A battery of immunological investigations was performed, including estimation of T-cell subpopulations in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); proliferative responses of circulating lymphocytes to mitogens, recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL2) and myelin basic protein levels in different culture conditions; levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) in sera and CSF, and of Ig production in vitro; indices of IL2 synthesis and IL2 sensitivity; production of prostaglandin E2 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha by monocytes and levels of beta-endorphin in sera and supernatants phytohaemagglutinin of (PHA)-activated cells. Clinical observation was performed periodically using Kurtzke scales and was supplemented by repeated recording of evoked potentials and magnetic resonance imaging. Initial investigations showed specific differences between patients with MS and the control groups (donors and patients with other neurological disorders of the same age). Correlative and regressive analyses showed no association between immunological and clinical parameters at the initial investigation, although immunological indexes were inter-related, and indicated specific alterations in immunoregulation in MS. Retrospective analysis revealed associations between the clinical status of patients with MS and their previous immune status. Evidence of cell activation--including a decreased percentage of circulating cells with differential antigens, lower cell mitogen-induced proliferative responses in vitro, with restoration following the addition of autoserum, greater IL2 sensitivity, and increased TNF-alpha production by macrophages--often predicted the clinical manifestation of deterioration. It is proposed that the immunopathological process in MS has a number of stages with characteristic features, and that progression from one stage to another can be subclinical. No single immunological index can be used to determine stage. Only systemic alterations reflect the real situation, whilst every patient has some abnormalities. A system of clinico-immunological monitoring could severe as the basis for a new approach to the dynamic treatment of MS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Peripheral blood leukocytes from multiple sclerosis patients are coated with factors inhibiting their chemotaxis in the presence of myelin basic protein.

In this study myelin basic protein (MBP) was tested for its effect on chemotaxis of human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and neutrophils from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. MBP appeared to inhibit specifically the formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced chemotaxis of both the total leukocyte population and neutrophils. In comparison, no inhibition of chemotaxis was observed in healthy donors and patients with other neurological diseases. From MS patients we collected neutrophil supernatants obtained by incubation of the cells in a serum-free medium at 37 degrees C for 60 min and evaluated their effect on chemotaxis of neutrophils from healthy donors. Chemotaxis of healthy donor neutrophils was inhibited specifically in the presence of MBP after treatment with these supernatants, presumably relating to the presence of immune complexes on the surface of neutrophils from MS patients. Those complexes can be eluted into the incubation medium and coat healthy donor neutrophils, thus arming them specifically.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The use of NMR tomography for the dynamic observation of patients with disseminated sclerosis].

NMR-tomography data and clinical topographic parallels were followed up in 27 multiple sclerosis patients on treatment. Primary NMR tomography identified disseminated foci of more intensive signal in the brain and spinal cord of 78% of the patients. In 6 patients the diagnosis was not confirmed, in 21 patients there was tomographic evidence of various disorders: foci of hyperintensity associated with ventricular system enlargement, cerebral atrophy, hyperintensity zones. The number of more intensive signal foci correlated with the disease severity. Hemispheric foci of hyperintensity were clinically most important. Most of the foci were localized in periventricular region. Changes in the above parameters were observed only 1-2 years after the treatment. It is inferred that NMR tomography is both diagnostic and follow-up tool in multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinico-immunological monitoring of the condition of patients with multiple sclerosis].

The clinico-immunologic monitoring of 50 patients suffering from genuine multiple sclerosis by means of the clinical, neurophysiological and immunologic methods and NMR tomography attests to the relationship between changes in the clinical and immunologic characteristics. The changes in the immunologic characteristics were found to anticipate the clinical ones. The authors provide evidence for the possibility and necessity of the clinico-immunologic monitoring of the patients' status for predicting the further course of the disease.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1992

[Results of clinico-immunological testing of myelopid in chronic forms of multiple sclerosis].

Forty patients with a verified diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), the majority of whom had the secondary progressive form of the disease, received a short-term treatment with myelopid (MP). After this 10 patients were given a long-term treatment with MP. The clinical trial was carried out by the double blind method using placebo. The patients' status was estimated by special evaluation scales (clinical), immunoassays (the content of T lymphocyte subpopulations, reaction of blast transformation of leukocytes to mitogens under different conditions of cultivation including that in the presence of 0.3 micrograms/ml MP, by assessment of the production and activity of interleukin-2), by the method of evoked potentials and NMR tomography. 60% of the patients manifested an improvement of the clinical status after the short-term MP treatment, which was accompanied by positive dynamics of evoked potentials and a decrease of the functional activity of the cells in the reaction of blast transformation of leukocytes. In such patients, MS ran a more favourable course during 0.5-1.5 years of observation. In 8 patients with the immunologic signs of the pathological process activation, the clinical status worsened after MP. The correlation and regression analyses allowed one to specify the clinico-immunologic indications and contraindications for MP administration. The clinico-immunologic changes noted were not recorded after placebo. In the patients receiving the long-term treatment, one could see a further decline of the functional activity of the cells in the reaction of blast transformation of leukocytes, a rise of the content of T suppressors/killers in the blood, a favourable clinical course of MS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Activins↗
PubMed1990

[Study of cellular immunity and the opioid peptide system in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Twenty-five patients with chronic progressing multiple sclerosis were examined for the content of beta-endorphin in blood serum, supernatants of activated lymphocytes and CSF by RIA. At the same time the parameters of cellular immunity were appraised. Different relations were discovered between cellular immunity and the content of beta-endorphin in biological fluids which may play a material part in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of cellular immunity in multiple sclerosis].

In 30 patients with definite multiple sclerosis a combined clinicoimmunological investigation was performed. The results of estimation of T-lymphocyte subpopulations by means of flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies; of proliferative responses to PHA, PWM and Con A, to PHA with autoserum; of synthesis and reception of IL-2 containing material is discussed. A hypothesis of a cyclic course of the immunopathologic process is suggested (autoimmune and immunodeficiency stages).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The natural cytotoxicity system in patients with multiple sclerosis: clinico-immunological parallels].

The cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells against target cells K-562 was studied in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). NK activity was increased in patients with remitting course of the disease, its duration of 6 to 10 years and 1 to 3 degree of neurologic defect. The immunocorrective therapy reduced the NK activity in some patients of any group. The authors discuss the possible role of natural cytotoxic system in the pathogenesis of autoimmunization in MS, and the value of NK population assessment for singling out a group of patients that would beneficially respond to immunocorrective therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Decreased capacity of the peripheral blood lymphocytes for excisional DNA repair in disseminated sclerosis].

In patients with multiple sclerosis the reduction of DNA excision reparation capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes was found to correlate with the disease severity but not with its duration. These changes and the increase in the DNA reparative synthesis along with the lymphocytes DNA structural changes are considered as the evidence of impaired lymphocytes genome stability in this ailment. Their possible role in the development of immunodeficiency in multiple sclerosis is discussed.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tamsulosin in the treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia of the urinary bladder in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Urination disorders occur in 80% patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Most common of them is detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD). Alpha1-adrenoblockers can relax the neck of the urinary bladder (UB) and urethral sphincters, thus eliminating dynamic obstruction, reducing resistance to urine flow and facilitating voiding. Our study assessed feasibility of using a selective alpha1A/D-adrenoblocker tamsulosin in MS-associated DSD. The choice of this alpha-adrenoblocker was based on its high safety profile in relation to cardiovascular system. The trial enrolled 28 patients (20 females and 8 males) with verified diagnosis of DSD. They were given tamsulosin (omnik) in a dose 0.4 mg/day (1 capsule) for 2 months. To the end of the trial quality of life raised in 96% patients. Occurrence of pollakiuria, number of imperative micturate urges diminished, the IPSS score decreased by 54%, QL index improved by 58%. There was also a decrease in the volume of the residual urine, amplitude of involuntary detrusor contractions, an increase in maximal volumic speed of urine flow, cystometric volume of the UB, mean urine volume in urination. Side effects were not registered. Thus, tamsulosin has a positive effect in voiding disorders in the presence of DSD associated with MS. This considerably improves quality of life of MS patients.

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists↗