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Biomedical subjects

T L Creer

Publications and source records attributed to T L Creer.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Asthma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Asthma↗
PubMed1979

Self-management training for children with chronic bronchial asthma.

We have described examples of behaviors that occur antecedent to, concurrent with, or as a consequence of childhood asthma. Ways these patterns can be altered have also been described. Three points should be emphasized: first, social learning techniques can contribute to a child acquiring self-monitoring and self-management skills over his or her affliction. Thus, youngsters with asthma can learn self-responsibility over their affliction. Second, while we do have follow-up data indicating that youngsters continue to perform similar behaviors once they leave the Center and return to their families, such generalization does not automatically occur. For this reason, we have initiated several programs for working with a child's family. Finally, what about the youngster who is never admitted to an asthma facility such as the national Asthma Center? It is here where we are beginning to focus most of our efforts. By teaching a child and his or her family ways that the youngster can learn to manage asthma means that the disease will become less of a disruptive influence within the home, that costs of the affliction can be contained, and that the youngster can remain within the mainstream of both his or her family and community. Future reports from the Center will describe efforts we are making in this direction.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

A procedure for using peak expiratory flow rate data to increase the predictability of asthma episodes.

An examinaton was conducted of the relationship between Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) measurements obtained in the homes of two boys with asthma and the predictability of asthma episodes. An approach was developed for assessing the predictive utility of PEFR data. Results indicated approximately three-fold increases in the predictability of asthma episodes for the two experimental subjects. Potential applications of these results to the management of asthma are discussed.

Asthma↗
PubMed1976

Training children with asthma to use inhalation therapy equipment.

In Experiment I, four children with asthma were taught to use the intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) apparatus, a device that delivers bronchodilator medication to the lungs under positive pressure. Because these youngsters had not learned to use the device with repeated instructions, script with back-up reinforcement was introduced to train sequentially three responses - eye fixation, facial posturing, and diaphragmatic breathing - according to a multiple-baseline design. The procedures were effective in teaching appropriate use of the IPPB apparatus. Further, the children's use of the apparatus after training resulted in significantly more effective relief of asthma symptoms. In a second experiment, nurses were instructed in the application of the operant techniques used in the first study, and then served as experimenters in a partial replication of Experiment I. The data once again reflected a strong impact of the intervention program on IPPB responses.

Asthma↗
PubMed1975

Effects of previous housing conditions on shock-induced aggression.

This study investigated shock-induced aggression as a function of housing rats in single or communal cages for varying periods of time before testing. Rates of fighting were unaffected by housing conditions when rats spent seven or 14 days in either of these settings before testing. Placing rats in these settings for 21 or 28 days before testing, however, did affect rates of fighting. Communal caging of subjects for 28 days before testing was particularly deleterious to shock-induced aggression. How rats are housed outside the experimental chamber is a variable affecting shock-induced aggression and should be considered both in designing future studies and as a topic for future investigation.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory airway changes in response to suggestion in normal individuals.

Thirty normal individuals were told they were inhaling a substance that would either cause breathing difficulty (N = 15) or not affect breathing (N = 15). Total respiratory resistance was measured prior to and during inhalation. In reality, the subjects inhaled no substance; inhalation consisted of breathing normally into a respiratory resistance recorder. Individuals who received the former suggestion exhibited increased total respiratory resistance during inhalation, whereas individuals who received the latter suggestion did not. These observations demonstrated that the ability of suggestion to affect the respiratory airway is not limited to asthmatic individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving perception of air flow obstruction in asthma patients.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to train asthma patients to improve their ability to discriminate added resistive loads. METHODS: Training consisted of a task in which patients judged the relative difficulty of breathing through two circuits. Difficulty of breathing through the circuits was varied by addition of resistive loads. We assigned 45 patients randomly to one of three conditions: a feedback plus fading condition, a feedback condition, and a control condition. RESULTS: Feedback of accuracy of judgments coupled with fading resulted in reduction of difference threshold. Neither feedback alone nor a control condition in which patients were given experience in making judgments without feedback resulted in threshold change. CONCLUSIONS: Perception training with added resistive loads may help patients to detect an increase in air flow obstruction due to asthma before it becomes severe.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimenter expectancy in resistance to respiratory air flow.

OBJECTIVE: The effect of experimenter expectancy was investigated on the resistance to respiratory air flow, measured as total respiratory resistance (Rt) in healthy individuals. METHOD: Each of three naive experimental assistants collected air flow resistance responses from 30 subjects who they had been told were either likely or unlikely to respond to the suggestion of breathing difficulty. RESULTS: The subjects were assigned to the two conditions at random. The subjects who were described to the experimenters as being likely to respond exhibited greater Rt increases to bronchoconstriction suggestion than did the subjects who were described as unlikely to respond. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirmed the presence of a source of variance that has not been considered previously in suggestion studies.

Adolescent↗