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Biomedical subjects

T Kusunoki

Publications and source records attributed to T Kusunoki.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Urinary alpha-glucosidase analysis for the detection of the adult form of Pompe's disease.

Two alpha-glucosidases from human heart, liver, muscle, kidney and urine have been separated by means of Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The first peak (Peak I) was neutral alpha-glucosidase and the second peak (Peak II) was lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase. Peak II was absent in a patient with the adult form of Pompe's disease. KCl stimulated the activity of the Peak II enzyme but it strongly inhibited the activity of the Peak I enzyme measured at pH 4.0. Decreases in the urinary alpha-glucosidase activity measured at pH 4.0 with added KCl and the ratio of the activity at pH 4.0 with added KCl/the activity at pH 6.5 without KCl may aid in the detection of homozygotes or heterozygotes with the adult form of Pompe's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cytosine arabinoside-induce transplacental dysgenetic hydrocephalus in mice.

Pregnant mice were injected with 30 mg of cytosine arabino side/kg body weight on 13-1/3 and 14 days of gestation. Within six hours after the first injection, pyknotic nuclei and nuclear debris were found at the matrix layer surrounding the lateral ventricles of the embryonic brain. Autoradiographic studies using tritiated thymidine revealed that most of the matrix cells exposed to cytosine arabinoside during DNA synthesis were killed by this dose of the drug. Twenty-four hours after the second injection, most of the matrix cells had disappeared. When experimental animals were examined after birth, they showed marked dilation of the lateral ventricles. The dilatation of the lateral ventricles was more pronounced in the parieto-occipital region. The young showed rapid enlargement of the cranial vault and subsequently died by 35 days of age.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1977

Effect of maternal malnutrition on matrix cell proliferation in the cerebrum of mouse embryo: an autoradiographic study.

Thirty pregnant mice were undernourished by providing low protein diets (PM) or providing approximately one-third their normal diets (PCM) for 9 days from the 8th to the 16th day of gestation. Another 15 pregnant mice, which were fed a normal diet, served as the control. On the 16th day of gestation, all animals were injected with a single does of [3H]thymidine and were killed one by one at 1- or 2-hr intervals. Mean litter size was statistically insignificant between the control group and two malnourished groups. There was, however, a significant difference in mean body weight between the control group and two malnourished groups (P less than 0.005). The cerebral cortex at this stage of development consisted of three different layers, i.e., the cortical plate, the migratory zone, and the matrix layer. The width of the cortical plate of the malnourished embryos was significantly smaller (P less than 0.001). There was, however, no significant difference in width of the migratory zone between the control and the malnourished groups. The width of the matrix layer in PM was significantly smaller (P less than 0.001), but that of PCM showed no significant difference from the control (P greater than 0.1). Coronal section of the brains of the embryos were processed for autoradiography. Labeled cells were found almost exclusively at the matrix layer surrounding the lateral ventricels. Labeling index counted in the matrix layer after 1 or 2 hr of [3H]thymidine injection indicated that more than 30% of the cells in this layer were always synthesizing DNA in each group of embryos. The generation times of the matrix cell, precursor of the neurons, in the matrix layer were approximately 18.5 hr in the control and 21.5 hr and 21.8 hr in the malnourished embryos, thus indicating about 3 hr of prolongation in the latter. DNA synthetic time was about 6.5 hr in the control and 7.0 hr and 7.0 hr in the two malnourished groups. The postduplication time was about 2.5 hr in the control and 3.0 hr and 3.5 hr in the malnourished. The preduplication time was about 8.8 hr in the control and 10.6 hr and 10.3 hr in the malnourished.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Acetylcholine synthesis in sympathetic human neuroblastoma.

The synthesis of acetylcholine, as well as catecholamines, was studied by assaying the activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChA) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the tumor tissues and the culture cells of human neuroblastoma. In the majority of 20 neuroblastomas of sympathetic origin, both ChA and TH activities were detected at a significantly high level. In the culture cells of five cell lines of human neuroblastoma, ChA activity was high, but TH was negative in four of the lines. However, it was observed that these enzyme activities changed significantly while in the long-term culture. ChA assay is a useful diagnostic test for neuroblastomas that synthesize acetylcholine. Future studies of neuroblastoma should consider cholinergic activity.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1975

Biochemical activity in the metastatic lesions of neuroblastoma.

Catecholamine biosynthesis in tumor cells was studied in four patients, who expired from disseminated neuroblastoma. 1. The activity of tyrosine hydroxylase was detected in tumor tissues of all but one patient. 2. Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was assayabel in almost all tissues, except in the primary tumor of one patient. 3. The enzyme activities in the metastatic lesions were at the same levels in two cases, but much higher in the other two cases, as those in the primary tumours. 4. It was learned that the urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in these patients reflects the tissue levels of catecholamine synthesizing enzymes as well as the tumor mass.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Developmental abnormality of the retina caused by postnatal administration of cytosine arabinoside.

Suckling mice were injectd with 30 or 50 mg cytosine arabinoside/kg body weight 2, 3 and 4 days after birth. Within 6 h after the first injection, a number of pyknotic nuclei were found at the inner portion of the undifferentiated nuclear layer of the retinas. 24 h after the final injection, the retinas of these mice showed the large cavity resulting from necrosis of undifferentiated cells and the rosettes in the nuclear layer. The retinas of 20-day-old treated mice showed conspicuous abnormalities with many rosettes in the outer nuclear layer, heterotopic cell mass in the inner plexiform layer, and irregular arrangement of the ganglion cells. 240 days later, histological abnormalities in the retinas of the treated mice were considerably improved except for rosettes, which were still numerous but changed into arch-like structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Congenital left atrial enlargement. A case report with special reference to myocardial fine structure.

A case of intrapericardial congenital left atrial enlargement was reported. The patient is an asymptomatic 3 year-old girl with abnormal cardiac silhouette seen on a chest roentgenogram. Angiography showed marked left atrial enlargement, and the diagnosis of intrapericardial congenital left atrial enlargement was confirmed on operation. Specimens of the atria were electron microscopically examined. Myocardiocytes of the left atrium showed marked increase of the mitochondria and decrease of myofibrils. Abnormal Z bands and disarrangement of myofibrils were often observed. Atrial specific granules in the left atrium were increased in size and number. The right atrium also showed same changes. The pathogenesis of this condition was discussed.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical study on rebleeding of cerebral anuerysms--with special references to the warning signs of rebleeding and antifibrinolytic treatment during waiting time for surgery (author's transl)].

The warning signs of rebleeding in the ruptured cerebral aneurysms, and the effect of antifibrinolytic treatment on the prevention of rebleeding from the ruptured aneurysms were studied and evaluated satistically by analysing the 62 single ruptured aneurysms. The incidennce of rebleeding during waiting time for surgery was higher in the following factors, i.e., the older patients, the Grade 2, the higher blood pressure, the larger aneurysms, the anterior-communicating aneurysms, the vasospasm. The critical time for rerupture was within three days after admission and within seven days after last bleeding. The anti-edema treatment and the sedation treatment have no effect upon the rebleeding. There was no difference in incidence of rebleeding among the sex and the frequency of bleeding before admission. The operative mortality of the reruptured patients during waiting time for surgery was very high. The antifibrinolytic treatment definitely lessened the incidence of rebleeding of the ruptured aneurysms during waiting time for surgery, and there were no noticeable complications following this treatment. This treatment is of value in the prevention of rebleeding from ruptured cerebral aneurysms during waiting time for surgery.

Adult↗