Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Kuroume

Publications and source records attributed to T Kuroume.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Two cases of aspirin-intolerant asthma whose leukocytes demonstrated hypersensitivity to sulpyrin.

Two cases of aspirin-intolerant asthma whose polymorphonuclear leukocytes demonstrated hypersensitivity to sulpyrin in vitro were reported. The patients were 14- and 15-year-old girls. Aspirin and sulpyrin intolerance were confirmed by aspirin oral provocation test and bronchial sulpyrin inhalation provocation test. In those intolerant patients, preincubation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with sulpyrin enhanced the calcium ionophore A23187-induced leukotriene C4 production as compared with those of healthy adults and aspirin-tolerant asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Natriuretic activity of digoxin-like immunoreactive substance extracted from cord blood.

It was examined whether the digoxin-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS) extracted from cord blood has a natriuretic activity. The DLIS was prepared from cord blood of healthy fullterm infants by acetone-HCl extraction and a gel filtration column. A solution (solution A) containing 1.0 ng/ml of DLIS or another solution (solution B) consisting of solution A from which the DLIS had been completely absorbed by rat brain synaptosome, a crude digoxin receptor, were infused directly into the renal arteries of rats. Serum and urine were serially sampled. The excretion of sodium into the urine increased gradually after the initiation of infusion and reached a level two or three times higher than that before infusion (p less than 0.05). The infusion of a buffer solution or of the extract from which the DLIS had been absorbed by rat brain synaptosome did not significantly increase the urinary excretion of sodium. Statistical analysis showed a clear difference in the natriuretic activity between solutions A and B (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05). Well-known natriuretic substances such as atrial natriuretic hormone, prostaglandin E2, F2 alpha, bradykinin and oxytocin dopamine were not detected enough to contribute to natriuresis in the extracts. From this data, we speculated that the DLIS in cord blood has a natriuretic activity and that it plays a role in water and sodium homeostasis in perinatal life.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Thyrotropin measured by the immunoradiometric assay in low birth weight infants.

In 37 infants, the blood levels of TSH were determined by the immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and the relation between TSH and thyroid hormone was evaluated. The ranges of gestational age (weeks) and birth weight (g) of infants were 28-42 and 982-3,650, respectively. The birth weights of 19 infants were below 2,500 g. The free T4 levels in the low birth weight (LBW) infants were lower than those of the normal infants and significantly correlated to the birth weight (r = 0.64, P less than 0.01) and gestational age (r = 0.58, P less than 0.01). In addition, free T4 levels were significantly correlated to the levels of total T4 (r = 0.66, P less than 0.01). The concentrations of TSH measured by IRMA method were significantly correlated to those of free T4 (r = 0.51, P less than 0.01). From these data, we consider that the transient hypothyroxinemia observed frequently in LBW infants might be a physiological reaction regulated by hypothalamus and that thyroid hormone treatment should be avoided.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Demonstration of the presence of digoxin-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS) in the serum and urine in children with nephrotic syndrome.

Longitudinal changes of digoxin-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS) in serum and urine from nephrotic children have been studied. The magnitude of DLIS in samples was measured by digoxin RIA kit. The binding activity to the ouabain receptor was measured by radioreceptor assay using crude rat brain synaptosomal fraction. In five cases of nephrosis, the mean value of DLIS in diuresis was significantly higher than during other stages (p less than 0.05). It was also higher than the levels recorded for six patients with nephritis (p less than 0.05). The presence of DLIS in the urine followed a similar pattern. The positive correlation between urine DLIS and ouabain-like substance (OLS) corrected by creatinine was observed for one month after the onset of nephrosis. The present study indicates the presence of DLIS in the serum and urine from patients with nephrosis which have the binding activity to the ouabain receptor. DLIS may be involved in natriuresis and may regulate active sodium transport in nephrotic children.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1988

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in younger children with asthma.

We have previously reported a new technique of evaluating bronchial responsiveness by monitoring the transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcPO2). This method is so simple, painless, and effortless with high reproducibility that it is possible to use the technique on children as young as 2 years old. Consequently, we used this method to study bronchial hyperresponsiveness in 141 children with asthma and 46 disease controls without asthma or chronic respiratory disorder. The bronchial responsiveness in asthmatic children aged 2 to 5 years was higher than in the disease controls (P less than .001). Further, bronchial responsiveness was significantly higher in moderately as opposed to minimally affected asthmatics (P less than .01), and was gradually higher according to clinical severity. In other age groups as well, the bronchial responsiveness of asthmatic children was higher than of disease controls. There was a close relationship between the level of increased bronchial responsiveness and the clinical severity of asthmatic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cord blood levels of corticotropin-releasing factor.

The levels of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the cord blood from 34 infants were determined by radioimmunoassay. All infants were born by vaginal delivery after an uneventful pregnancy. Levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and ACTH were high in the cord blood. CRF levels (mean +/- SD) were 100.5 +/- 31.7 and 44.5 +/- 7.8 pg/ml, respectively, in cord blood and in controls (healthy prepubertal children, n = 10). Although the origin of CRF in peripheral circulation has not been clarified, we speculate that the high adrenocortical steroid synthesis of the fetus might be a consequence of high CRF levels in fetal circulation.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children with atopic and nonatopic asthma.

We have studied the bronchial hyperresponsiveness of children with atopic and nonatopic asthma by methacholine inhalation challenge, using a new device, the "Astograph." Three parameters, initial respiratory resistance (Rrs cont), bronchial sensitivity (Dmin), and bronchial reactivity (St), were studied. The Rrs cont values of atopic asthma were higher than those of the disease controls (p less than 0.05), while there was no difference between nonatopic asthma and disease controls. The Dmin values of atopic and nonatopic asthma were lower than those of disease controls (p less than 0.001; p less than 0.01). The St values of atopic and nonatopic asthma were higher than those of disease controls (p less than 0.001; p less than 0.01). There was no difference of Rrs cont and Dmin between the children with atopic and nonatopic asthma. However, St of the children with nonatopic asthma was remarkably higher than that of the children with atopic asthma (p less than 0.001). These data suggested that there was a remarkable difference of bronchial response to methacholine between the children with atopic asthma and those with nonatopic asthma.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1987

Gastroduodenal motility in neonates: response to human milk compared with cow's milk formula.

It is known that breast milk empties more quickly from the stomach than does infant formula. We studied the difference in gastroduodenal motility between neonates fed with human milk and those fed with infant formula. Twenty-four five- to 36-day-old neonates were fed with mother's breast milk or with a cow's milk-based formula. Postprandial gastroduodenal contractions were recorded manometrically for three hours. Repetitive, high-amplitude nonmigrating contractions were the dominant wave form during the postprandial period. The number of episodes, duration, amplitude, and frequency of nonmigrating contractions were not different following the different feedings. The migrating myoelectric complex, which signals a return to the interdigestive (fasting) state, appeared in 75% of breast milk-fed infants but only 17% of formula-fed infants (P less than .05) within the three-hour recording period. Because contractions were similar following the two meals, but a fasting state recurred more rapidly in breast-fed infants, we conclude that factors other than phasic, nonpropagated antroduodenal contractions were responsible for the differences in gastric emptying between breast milk and formula.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Erythromycin induces migrating motor complex in human gastrointestinal tract.

Fifteen healthy subjects, fasted at least 8 hr, were studied by means of an infused manometric method. Twenty minutes after termination of the natural phase III activity in the duodenum, erythromycin or normal saline was administered intravenously for 15 min. When normal saline (N = 5) was infused, the next migrating motor complex (MMC) was initiated 151.2 +/- 42.1 min after the infusion. On the other hand, when erythromycin was infused at a rate of 1.0 mg/kg/hr (N = 5) or 3.0 mg/kg/hr (N = 5), MMC-like contractions were initiated at shorter intervals, ie, 47.8 +/- 40.9 min (P less than 0.005) or 23.0 +/- 13.0 min (P less than 0.001) respectively. The duration, frequency, amplitude, and migrating velocity of the naturally occurring MMC (N-MMC) were not significantly different from those of the erythromycin-induced contractions except for the duration of the phase III contractions in the stomach; the duration (5.3 +/- 2.2 min) of the erythromycin-induced contractions being significantly (P less than 0.05) longer than that (3.2 +/- 0.9 min) of the naturally occurring MMC. The immunoreactive motilin (IRM) concentration did not increase significantly after the infusion of erythromycin, when compared to that after infusion of normal saline. It is concluded that erythromycin at a dose of 1-3 mg/kg/hr for 15 min during the interdigestive state, similar to motilin, has a significant influence upon the initiation of MMC in the human gastrointestinal tract, but further investigations are required to confirm whether endogenous motilin is involved or not.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A case of virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome with hypoplastic anaemia.

A 4-year-old girl with virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome is described, suffering from fever, jaundice, rectal bleeding and a loss of consciousness. Severe pancytopenia was a prominent finding. The bone marrow biopsy showed hypocellularity, and bone marrow aspiration revealed proliferation of histiocytes containing many erythrocytes and thrombocytes. The patient recovered within several weeks of supportive therapy. Viral studies demonstrated a recent infection with Epstein-Barr virus.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1986

Adaptive regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

The beta-adrenergic receptors were investigated in partially purified mononucleal leukocytes (MNL) plasma membranes from 18 patients with IDDM in pediatric period, 9 healthy children and 8 normal adults. The decreased beta-adrenergic receptor number was seen in patients with IDDM (Bmax = 27.6 +/- 8.3 fM (125I) IHYP/mg protein) compared with normal children (Bmax = 40.4 +/- 10.4 fM (125I) IHYP/mg protein) and normal adults (Bmax = 36.9 +/- 6 fM (125I) IHYP/mg protein). MNL beta-receptor binding affinities (apparent Kd = 109.8 +/- 26.1 pM in IDDM, 102.8 +/- 46.6 pM in normal children, 130.0 +/- 43.1 pM in normal adults) did not differ. We divided the patients with IDDM into two groups based on their level of blood glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) when samples were taken. Group A IDDM (consisted of 9 diabetic patients with below 10% of HbA1) had markedly decreased beta-receptor numbers compared with group B IDDM (consisted of 9 diabetic patients with more than 10% of HbA1), whereas Kd was not significantly different. Also, there was negative correlation between Bmax and level of blood sugar or HbA1 in IDDM. This is the first report concerning the beta-adrenergic receptor in IDDM in pediatric period. We suggest that decreased Bmax in group B is a homeostatic response to restore the poorly-controlled hyperglycemic state to normoglycemia because the group B patients had high level of HbA1 and blood sugar.

Adolescent↗